What was the existence of Hebei in the political situation in the early Northern Wei Dynasty?

During the Northern Wei Dynasty, Hebei was once the center of economy, culture, and military. Its political status was further improved, making Hebei a battleground for the military. "Ode to the Qingguo" records: "The king's career was initially determined, and Zhongshan was born." ?Zhongshan belongs to a certain part of Hebei region. The ruler at that time established the imperial capital in Zhongshan area and wanted to establish his own political center here.

It can be seen that the rulers of the Northern Wei Dynasty attached great importance to the Hebei region, and they also attached great importance to the Hebei region in the subsequent Northern Wei regime.

The Northern Wei Dynasty

Proud military power

Here in Hebei, especially during the Northern Wei Dynasty, many generals who wanted to establish a political power saw the terrain here The benefits to the army are that garrisoning the army here can effectively prevent enemy attacks and preserve their own military strength. At the same time, they can also establish the best base for their dynasty based on the transportation and environment here.

The "Book of Wei" records that: "In the early days of the Five Classics, a doctor was assigned to each group of books, and 3,000 more students were added to the Imperial College." ?When the rulers at that time initially established their political power, they had more than 3,000 ministers. Only the number of Taixue teachers. In the early Northern Wei Dynasty, people had a very good attitude towards learning and political power. They recognized that Government is closely related to learning.

Book of Wei

1. The Four Stations of the Iron Horse

Hebei is famous as the "place of the four battles". Geographically, it is related to the north and the south. The connection is the best place to effectively control the north and south. It is of great significance to military operations and has been the preferred destination for military strategists of all ages. During the Sixteen Kingdoms and the Northern Dynasties, Hebei was occupied by former Zhao, Later Zhao, Former Yan, Former Qin, Later Yan, and Northern Yan. Countries launched many wars in order to occupy Hebei's geographical advantages. For more than a hundred years, Hebei was once the most prosperous place in the country. The place has turned into a situation of continuous war, people have been displaced, and people's lives are difficult.

2. It is imminent to pacify the enemy army. After the death of Liu Kuren of the lonely tribe, his younger brother and his family members took charge of the tribe. Later, Ku Renzi Xian killed his family members and became independent and commanded the troops. ?In the early Northern Wei Dynasty, Hebei was in a state of chaos, and various ethnic minorities took advantage of the chaos of the Central Plains army to invade the Central Plains. The family who once served as officials were brutally treated by their enemies and faced exile.

Minorities invaded the Central Plains

Not long after the Northern Wei emperor established his dynasty, the monarchs and ministers of the court were in a scattered stage, creating opportunities for the invaders in their area, thus setting off unnecessary During the war, the emperor of the Northern Wei Dynasty who had just established his own dynasty was passively involved in the war.

Since Hebei was the political center of the Northern Wei Dynasty, the emperor established a huge army to protect himself and the people for national security, and at the same time set up the necessary troops to resist the enemy's invasion. Under such circumstances, it was urgent to put down the enemy's invasion. things.

For a time, a large number of troops were stationed here in Hebei on standby, and there were also ethnic minority invaders outside the imperial capital. The two armies gathered in Hebei, making Hebei a major military garrison in the country. The Hebei region has fertile land, vast plains, mild climate, and relatively developed water conservancy projects, making it suitable for the establishment and development of a country's imperial capital.

Garrisoning the Army

According to the original biography of He Ne, it is recorded: Afterwards, the tribes were separated and settled in separate territories. They did not listen to migration, and all the rulers and elders were registered together. I am very respectful to my uncle Yuan, but I have no leadership. ?This is evidence of discrete tribes. The tribes were scattered, the emperor had just established his own dynasty, and a few people were eyeing Tuoba Gui, who had just taken power, to get rid of the scattered tribes.

In order to unite and help each other in governing the Central Plains region and give the people a peaceful and stable living environment, Tuobagui expanded the army during his administration, recruited more workers, peasants and soldiers from the civilian population, and tried to use military power to regain scattered areas. tribe. Recovering tribes requires the quality of military power and national policies, sufficient military power and appeasement of the people of the newly recovered tribes.

Recovering the tribe requires an army, and the establishment of the army requires a large amount of funds to support it. In order to better control these "Baigongjiqiao", the rulers of the Northern Wei Dynasty established special household registration for them and implemented management similar to a military organization. As a result, a large number of personnel with militarized management appeared, and reserve forces were set up to protect national security.

The coveted political center

1. The intersection of national integration

For example, Shi Le, the founder of Hou Zhao, made his fortune in Heshuo and swept through Yanyu. After drinking horses from the Yangtze River and the Huaihe River, he fought against the Han Dynasty, fought for many years, and moved around the country many times. Finally, he found that the terrain here in Hebei was the best, and then established his own dynasty and capital in Hebei to fulfill his ideal of ruling the country. Zhang Bin, a counselor around him, believed: "The Heshuo is established, and there is a place for the right person of the general."

Hebei has the opportunity to dominate. It is a geomantic treasure land that allows generals to realize their life ambitions. Here, there are opportunities to achieve hegemony, and while effectively controlling the invasion of ethnic minorities, you can also communicate and learn from surrounding ethnic groups to promote the development of good relations between countries.

Shi Le

"Book of Wei" records that in the past few years, various kinds of diseases and Kumoxi have also flourished. And open the Liaohai Sea, set up garrison and dragon. The barbarians were frightened, and each offered his gifts. ?During the Northern Wei Dynasty, Taizu, who established his dynasty and capital here, was able to intimidate neighboring countries in a short period of time. At the same time, various countries sent envoys to the court to offer gifts to show friendship, thus achieving the effect of shocking the world.

From this point of view, Hebei is indeed a good place. Not only can we turn enemies into friends, make friends with people of all ethnic groups, communicate with each other, and promote each other's development, but we can also encounter good luck here, so that The general achieves the great feat of domination.

The emperor of the Northern Wei Dynasty made friends with various ethnic groups

2. An ideal place to establish the imperial capital

In the early Northern Wei Dynasty, there are records about Emperor Daowu establishing the capital:? Taizu wanted to The palaces and chambers were wide, covering tens of miles in all directions of Pingcheng. They were modeled on the systems of Ye, Luo, and Chang'an, and millions of materials were transported. ? Taizu wanted to build a capital in this area of ​​Hebei, and the new capital of Pingcheng expanded in size. He planned to move the capital to Hebei and use Hebei's geographical advantages to control the entire country. Although Emperor Daowu did not succeed in moving the capital to Yecheng in the end, the move showed that Hebei was favored by the emperor as an economic development center and political center.

Establishing imperial capitals in Yecheng, Luoyang and other places can effectively control the country by virtue of its location in the must-pass areas bordering the north and south, and achieve the purpose of uniting and helping the country. At the same time, the terrain where troops are stationed and the country is established is easy to defend but difficult to attack, which can allow the imperial capital to maintain stability and tranquility for a period of time.

Emperor Daowu

Zhang Shoujie's "Historical Records of Justice" records: The capitals of ancient emperors were mostly in Hedong and Hebei, so Hebei is called Hanei and Henan is called Hewai. ?In ancient times, the area of ​​Hebei has always been valued by emperors. They valued its terrain and transportation routes, so they established a country in Hebei. Many historical materials record that Hebei was favored by emperors of all dynasties. Many emperors moved their capitals to Hebei, where they developed and ruled various regions and effectively managed a dynasty.

"Book of Wei" Volume 100 "Biography of Kumo Xi": In the third year after ascending the country, Taizu personally went out to attack the weak Luoshui Kingdom in the south, and defeated it. He captured four of its tribes, including horses, cattle and sheep. More than one hundred thousand. ? Taizu won victory in Zhongzhou, Hebei, paid a lot of spoils, and at the same time made the ethnic minorities restrain themselves and did not dare to rush to attack the Central Plains area. It can be seen that Zhongzhou, Hebei is a treasure land with rich products and a protective barrier for military strategists.

The Emperor's Personal Expedition

Conclusion

In the early Northern Wei Dynasty, Hebei served as the country's preferred military center and political center, promoting economic prosperity and cultural development here. At the same time, more people can see the geographical advantages of Hebei. Especially in ancient times, when the tribes across the country were scattered and there was no unity and mutual assistance across the country, it was a battleground for military strategists. Many countries and dynasties were established successively to achieve national unity and mutual assistance.

Located at the border between the north and the south, the transportation is convenient. Talents from all over the country gather here, which promotes this place to become the political center of the country, unites and helps the whole country, and the surrounding ethnic minorities take the initiative to come to the DPRK to offer gifts to show friendship and promote various countries. ethnic integration.

References

1. "On the Stages and Status of Hebei's Historical Culture"

2. "Two Relocation Events to Ye in the Early Northern Wei Dynasty and Exploration of Their Impact "

3. "On the status and influence of Hebei region in the political situation in the early Northern Wei Dynasty"