Summary of junior high school geography knowledge points
Summary of junior high school geography knowledge points in the catalogue
Junior high school geography knowledge points
Summary of junior high school geography knowledge points
Summary of junior high school geography knowledge points
Summary of junior high school geography knowledge 1. Junior high school geography knowledge summary location
Land and Sea Location of China: East Asia and the West Coast of the Pacific Ocean.
Latitude and longitude of China: The latitude of China territory across the north and south is nearly 50 degrees, mostly in temperate zone, with a few in tropical zone and no frigid zone. The longitude of China's east-west crossing is over 60 degrees, and the time difference between the easternmost Wusuli River and the westernmost Pamirs is over 4 hours.
2. The summary of junior high school geography knowledge points is vast.
China has a vast territory, with a total area of about 9.6 million square kilometers, ranking third in the world, which is almost equivalent to the whole area of Europe. The four ends of China's territory are: the easternmost end is at the intersection of the central lines of the main waterways of Heilongjiang and Wusuli rivers (above 1.35 OE), the westernmost end is near the Pamirs (73oE), the distance from east to west is about 5000km, and the southernmost end is at.
3. Junior high school geography knowledge points summarize borders and neighboring countries.
There are 14 neighboring countries with land borders exceeding 20,000 kilometers. It borders North Korea in the east, Russia and Mongolia in the north, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Afghanistan, Pakistan, India, Nepal and Bhutan in the northwest and southwest, and Vietnam, Laos and Myanmar in the south.
The coastline of Chinese mainland is18,000 kilometers long, which borders Bohai Sea, Yellow Sea, East China Sea and South China Sea from north to south. China's territorial sea refers to the sea area extending from the coastal baseline to 12 nautical mile. Bohai Sea and Qiongzhou Strait are the inland seas of China. There are more than 5,000 large and small islands such as Taiwan Province Island, Hainan Island, Zhoushan Islands and South China Sea Islands along the coast, facing China across the sea.
4. Junior high school geography knowledge points summary administrative divisions
At present, China's administrative regions are basically divided into provinces (autonomous regions, municipalities directly under the Central Government and special administrative regions), counties (cities, autonomous counties and autonomous prefectures) and townships (towns and ethnic townships). Provincial administrative units include 23 provinces, 5 autonomous regions, 4 municipalities directly under the Central Government and 2 special administrative regions. Historically, the whole country has been divided into six regions: northeast, north, east, south-central, southwest and northwest. Hong Kong and Macao are part of our territory. The Chinese and British governments signed a joint statement on Hong Kong in 1984+02, and our government signed a joint statement on Hong Kong in 65438.
The governments of China and Portugal signed a joint declaration on Macao in April 1987, reaffirming that Macao was taken over by China. Our government resumed the exercise of sovereignty over Macao on February 20, 1999, and implemented "one country, two systems" in Macao under my exercise of sovereignty.
Junior high school geography knowledge point population and nationality
1. China is the most populous country in the world.
As of June 65438+February 3, 20061,the population of China was about1300 million, accounting for a little more than 1/5 of the world's total population, making it the most populous country in the world. The distribution of population in China is more in the southeast and less in the northwest. The rural population accounts for 57%, while the urban population only accounts for 43%.
2. Summary of geography knowledge of overseas Chinese in junior high schools.
There are more than 30 million overseas Chinese in China, which are distributed all over the world. Guangdong and Fujian provinces are the largest sources of overseas Chinese, and many places in these two provinces have always been called hometown of overseas Chinese.
3. Junior high school geography knowledge points summary control population growth rate and improve population quality.
China's population is characterized by a large population base and rapid population growth. Therefore, family planning is still a basic national policy of China. Controlling the population growth rate and improving the quality of the population are still urgent tasks to accelerate the realization of the four modernizations.
4. Junior high school geography knowledge points summarize multi-ethnic socialist countries.
China is a unified multi-ethnic socialist country. There are 56 nationalities in China. The Han nationality has the largest population, accounting for about 92% of the national population. The other 55 ethnic groups have a small population and are collectively referred to as ethnic minorities. Among ethnic minorities, Zhuang has the largest population, with more than160,000. There are also Manchu, Hui, Miao, Uygur, Yi and Tujia with a population of more than 4 million. Ethnic minorities are mainly distributed in the southwest, northwest and northeast border areas.
Junior high school geography knowledge points summary Daquan topography
1, summary of junior high school geography knowledge: topographic characteristics of China
The topography of China is complex and diverse, including plains, plateaus, mountains and hills. There are five kinds of topography in the basin, and the mountainous area is vast, accounting for about 2/3 of the national area. The terrain is high in the west and low in the east, which is roughly distributed in three steps. The Qinghai-Tibet Plateau in the southwest is the first step, with an average elevation of more than 4,000 meters. The second step is located between the west of the eastern line of Daxing 'anling-Taihang Mountain-Wushan-Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau and the first step, with an altitude of 1000-2,000m, and is mainly composed of plateaus and basins. East of the second step, the land surface at an altitude of 5000 meters is the third step.
The complex and diverse terrain forms a complex and diverse climate; China's topography is high in the west and low in the east, which is ladder-shaped, which is conducive to the supply of deep moist air and a lot of water vapor; Make the river roll and flow, and communicate east-west traffic; The river flows from the higher steps to the lower steps, and the water flows rapidly, generating huge water energy.
2. Summary of junior high school geography knowledge points: distribution of main mountains
Three lines from east to west: from north to south, Tianshan-Yinshan-Yanshan; Kunlun Mountain-Qinling Mountains; Nanling. Three rows from northeast to southwest: from west to east Daxing 'anling-Taihang Mountain-Wushan-Xuefeng Mountain; Changbai Mountain-Wuyishan; Mountainous areas of Taiwan Province Province.
Two north-south trends: Helan Mountain; Hengduan Mountain. There are two mountains extending from northwest to southeast: Altai Mountain and Qilian Mountain. Mount Everest, the main peak of the Himalayas at the junction of China and Nepal, is 8844 meters above sea level; It is the highest mountain in the world.
3. Junior high school geography knowledge points summary plateau, plain, basin and hill.
Characteristics and distribution of the four plateaus: Qinghai-Tibet Plateau is located in the southwest of China, with an average elevation of more than 4,000 meters. It is the largest plateau in China and the highest plateau in the world. It is characterized by high mountains, continuous snow-capped mountains, extensive glaciers, numerous lakes, vast grasslands and abundant water resources. Inner Mongolia Plateau is in the north of China, including most of Inner Mongolia and parts of Gansu, Ningxia and Hebei, with an altitude of about 1 1,000m. There are many grasslands and deserts. The Loess Plateau is located between 1000 m and 2000 m above sea level. The ground is covered with loose loess layer, which is the widest and deepest area of Huangshi cloth in the world. Serious water loss; There are thousands of valleys and canyons. Karst topography in Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau is widely distributed. The mountains are undulating; Strong and durable.
Distribution and characteristics of great basin: Sichuan Basin is located in the east of Sichuan, which is called "red basin" and "purple basin" because of the wide distribution of purple sand shale. It is the lowest-lying basin in China: Tarim Basin is located in the south of Xinjiang and distributed in a ring shape, while Taklimakan Desert in the middle is the largest desert in China and the largest inland basin in China. The Qaidam Basin is located in the northwest of Qinghai Province, mostly in Gobi and desert, with marshes, salt lakes and lakes in the east.
Distribution and characteristics of the three plains: the northeast plain, the surface of which is famous for its fertile black soil, is mostly below 200 meters above sea level, with the largest surrounding area. North China Plain is the second largest plain in China, with low-lying land and fertile land for thousands of miles. The middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River are located along the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River, with low terrain, dense river networks and numerous lakes.
Main hills: Liaodong hills, Shandong hills, southeast hills, etc.
4. Summarize the main seismic zones and volcanic distribution areas in junior high school geography knowledge points.
China is one of the countries with frequent earthquakes, which are mainly distributed in: ① Taiwan Province Province and the coastal areas of Fujian in the southeast; ② Taihang and Beijing-Tianjin-Tangshan areas in North China; ③ Sichuanese in western Yunnan on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau in southwest China and its edge; Xinjiang, Gansu and Ningxia in the northwest.
Summarize the knowledge points of geography in junior high school and the climate.
1. Summary of junior high school geography knowledge points: temperature and temperature zone
China belongs to the monsoon climate zone, and the temperature distribution in winter and summer is quite different. The characteristics of temperature distribution are: the temperature is generally low in winter, hot in the south and cold in the north, and the temperature difference between north and south is above 50℃. The main reasons are: the sun shines directly in the southern hemisphere in winter, and the northern hemisphere gets less solar energy; Latitude influence: winter winds prevail in winter. In summer, most parts of the country are generally hot (except the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau), and the temperature difference between north and south is not large. The main reasons are as follows: in summer, the sun shines directly in the northern hemisphere, and the northern hemisphere gets more heat; Summer monsoon prevails in summer, and the temperature in most parts of China rises to the highest value; The higher the height of the sun in summer, the higher the latitude and the longer the day, which slows down the difference between the north and the south in receiving solar light and heat. The coldest place in winter is Mohe Town, and the hottest place in summer is Turpan. Chongqing, Wuhan and Nanjing are known as the "three furnaces" in China.
Frost-free period and growing period: Generally speaking, the frost-free period in China is gradually shortened from south to north and from coastal to inland.
If the frost period is long, the growth period of crops will be long. Otherwise, it will be short.
2. Junior high school geography knowledge points summarize precipitation and dry and wet areas.
Distribution characteristics and causes of annual precipitation The spatial distribution of annual precipitation in China is decreasing from the southeast coast to the northwest inland.
Reason: China's southeast is adjacent to the sea, and the northwest is deep into the Eurasian continent, which makes China's water cycle gradually weaken from the southeast coast to the northwest inland. On the other hand, the summer monsoon, which can bring a lot of precipitation, is blocked by heavy mountains and restricted by the farther and farther distance, and its influence gradually decreases from the southeast coast to the northwest inland.
Seasonal variation of precipitation The seasonal distribution of precipitation is very uneven in all parts of China, and the precipitation in most parts of the country is concentrated in May 5- 10/0. Generally, the precipitation in this period accounts for 80% of the whole year. From different areas in the north and south, the rainy season in the south starts early and ends late, while the rainy season in the north starts late and ends early.
Cause: This time-varying feature of precipitation in China is closely related to the movement of rain belt caused by monsoon moving front. In May, the warm and humid airflow in the north meets the cold air in the south, and the rain belt lingers here, and the rainy season in South China begins. In June, the rain belt moved to the Yangtze River valley with the front, and swayed in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River for about a month, with continuous rainfall. This is the season when plums are ripe, which is called the rainy season in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River. In July and August, the rain belt advanced with the front in North China and Northeast China, and the precipitation in North China increased obviously. In September, the cold air force in the north increased, and the rain belt quickly retreated to the south of the Yangtze River with the front. Coupled with typhoon and rain, there is still more rain in South China.
Regional distribution of precipitation: the distribution is extremely uneven, and the general trend is decreasing from the southeast coast to the northwest inland. The place with the most precipitation in China is Huoshaoliao in Taiwan Province Province, and the place with the least precipitation is Toksun in Turpan Basin.
Division of dry and wet areas in China; According to the relationship between precipitation and evaporation, China can be divided into four types of dry and wet areas from the southeast coast to the northwest inland: the general situation is as follows:
3. The knowledge points of geography in junior high school summarized the main features of climate in China.
A variety of climate types and a remarkable continental monsoon climate are two major features of China's climate. The south wind blows in summer, which is warm and humid.
Monsoon and its formation: Monsoon refers to the wind whose direction changes with the seasons. The difference between land and sea is the main reason for the formation of China monsoon.
Monsoon area and non-monsoon area: traditionally, the area that is obviously affected by summer monsoon in China is called monsoon area; The area that is not obviously affected by the summer monsoon is called the non-monsoon area, and its boundary is roughly as follows: the areas east and south of Daxinganling-Yinshan-Helan-Bayankala-Gangdise Mountain are monsoon areas.
4. Junior high school geography knowledge points summarize the main factors that affect the climate in China.
And location, terrain, monsoon. Position refers to the influence of latitude position and land and sea position; Topography refers to the influence of topography and the trend of mountains; Monsoon refers to the influence of winter monsoon and summer monsoon.
5. Junior high school geography knowledge points summarized the advantages and disadvantages of climate and its influence on agricultural production.
The main advantages of China's climate are: the complex and diverse climate is conducive to the growth of a variety of plants and crops, providing China with rich animal and plant resources; China has a vast monsoon climate zone, and the same period of rain and heat is conducive to the growth and maturity of crops, trees and pastures. High temperature in summer expands the northern boundary of warm crops, and China is the northernmost country in the northern boundary of rice growth. The main shortcomings of China's climate are: influenced by monsoon intensity, precipitation changes greatly during the year, which is easy to cause early water disasters; The disastrous weather caused by cold wave, frost and typhoon endangers the harvest of crops.
Summarize the knowledge points of junior high school geography;
★ Summary of important knowledge points of junior high school geography
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★ Junior high school geography must recite knowledge points.
★ induction of geographical knowledge points in the second volume of the seventh grade
★ Summary of junior high school geography knowledge points
★ Summarize the important knowledge points of junior high school geography.
★ Summary of junior high school geography knowledge formula
★ Comprehensive summary of geographical knowledge points in China in the second day of junior high school.
★ Summary of knowledge points in the first volume of geography in the first day of junior high school
★ Summary of basic knowledge points of junior high school geography
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