Weather in Camerino
Oates has a bacterial infection.
Oz, the oldest and best preserved mummy in the world with a history of more than 5,300 years, has been shrouded in mystery for more than ten years after being discovered in Europe. On June 38+03, Eduardo Gartervigl, an archaeological medical expert at the Italian bolzano Museum, said that Oz stored in the museum may have been infected by bacteria. Wei Jieer said that by taking X-rays, they found a lot of bubbles in Oates' bones, which may be caused by bacterial infection. At present, Oates the Iceman is stored in a sealed box, and the museum is trying to analyze the air condition of the sealed box where Oates is stored. Earlier reports said that if "Oates the Iceman" was infected with bacteria, it would probably lead to the complete disintegration of the Iceman's bones in the future. Wei Jieer denied this statement. He believes that even if it is confirmed that it is infected with bacteria, it will not pose a threat to his bones. Because if bacteria do exist, they will take sterilization measures for sealed boxes and icemen.
The archaeological research value of Oates
So far, many frozen corpses have been found in the world, and Oates is considered to be the oldest mummy in the world. 1991September19, HelmutSimon from Germany discovered this iceman in a glacier in the Alps in northern Italy. Since then, scientists have kept it in a constant temperature room at MINUS 6 degrees Celsius. The well-preserved clothes and weapons of Oates are undoubtedly of great value to the study of social development in the late Bronze Age in Europe. Some archaeologists previously thought that "Oates" might be a tribal wizard.
Doubt and doubt
What does the mysterious uncle 1 look like? A recent article published by National Geographic magazine pointed out that Oates, the "Iceman" in Europe, is not as strong and healthy as the original version in his early years. The early version of the Iceman's appearance was restored by John Geko, an artist of the Anthropology Foundation. Geko used Oates' anatomical data and some modern European male data to spell out his face. This restored head portrait has always been controversial in the archaeological community. Twenty years after the discovery of the Iceman, the three-dimensional imaging technology is more perfect, and the newly restored new faces disappoint many Iceman fans. It turns out that he is not plump and ruddy, but an uncle who looks thin, old and sloppy. But at the same time, the new faces are also full of personality and unforgettable. In this regard, Li Fajun said that it is normal to have different versions. He appreciates that the latest avatar makes Oates look less symmetrical and a bit sloppy and decadent: "The real face is asymmetrical. The personalization and imperfect performance of characters are also the general trend of returning to reality. " Oates wears a cloak with all kinds of fur and leggings. Li Fajun said with a smile, compared with the Greek civilization and China civilization, the civilization of western European countries developed relatively late. In 3300 BC, silk products may have appeared in China, and it is about to usher in a ritual country like Xia Dynasty. Tribes in western Europe still live a life of hunting in the forest. What does Mystery Uncle 2 do? The hair of a coppersmith or shepherd may contain high levels of copper and arsenic. The copper axe next to Oates' body is also 99.7% pure copper. Therefore, some experts speculate that he may be involved in the copper smelting process, perhaps a coppersmith. Some archaeologists also analyzed Oates' tibia, femur and pelvis, and determined that he often trudged in the mountains, so Oates was probably a shepherd at high altitude. Li Fajun said that coppersmith and shepherd may be the profession of Iceman. Only when you are often in a smelting environment will your body absorb so many elements, and these elements will be deposited in your hair. Moreover, from the degree of bone development and joint wear, we can judge a person's professional identity. People who often lean on their feet will have thicker lower limb bones and higher bone density. People who often pick the pole will have obvious wear and tear on the clavicle. People who often bow and shoot arrows can see the wear and tear at his scapular joints. "Our jargon is called functional stress analysis. Even if there are only the bones of the dead, we can find a lot of professional information of the dead from the bones and joints. " Where is Mysterious Uncle 3 from? Archaeologists can conclude that Oates spent his childhood in Feldsens, a village in northern bolzano. Later, he moved to a village 50 kilometers north of Feldson. In 2008, researchers at the University of Merino in Italy analyzed his mitochondrial DNA and determined his population type from a genetic point of view. When talking about DNA identification technology, Li Fajun said that it has become a * * * knowledge in the current archaeological community. "If more than a decade ago, some people doubted whether to do DNA analysis, now, everyone is concerned about where to do DNA." Li Fajun said, "In the past, people still conducted fragmented DNA analysis. The latest trend is to sequence ancient remains, which is also the future direction. This will make the victim recover completely. We can have a more comprehensive understanding of the deceased, including his race, health status, family history and so on. " Mystery 4 What was the cause of death? Arrow wound or siege? Archaeologists can judge that Oates was ill three times in the first half of his life from the marks of three ribs on his fingernails. The last time happened two months before his death, and his illness lasted for two weeks. Due to technical limitations, people are not very clear about Oates' early death. It was not until 200 1 that Oates was scanned by CT that he found an arrow on his left shoulder. The shot stabbed Oates in the shoulder from behind. It is possible that the handle of the arrow was broken by Oates, but the arrow is still stuck in the meat and can't be pulled out. Some scholars infer that Oates probably died of excessive blood loss caused by arrow wound. But there are also other theories that it is possible that four people murdered Oates together. He was scratched and cut, and someone hit him on the head with a stone. The unpublished DNA report said that the DNA of four people was found on the dagger, arrow and clothes beside Oates. Oates' abnormal face-down death posture also makes people wonder whether he died of excessive blood loss. However, these four killers may also be Oates' companions. They were attacked by neighboring hostile tribes on the road, helping the injured Oates to work hard in the mountains. Mystery 5 What did you eat at the last meal? Archaeologists analyzed the residual food in Oates' intestines and found that he ate two big meals before his death, which was the last feast eight hours before his death. One meal is antelope meat and the other is red venison. Meat is served with grain and fruit. The seeds of flax and poppy also remain in the digestive tract, as well as the stone of wild plum. Through sporopollen analysis, archaeologists believe that he enjoyed a big meal of antelope meat in the coniferous forest at medium altitude. Archaeologists determined that Oates died in the spring. The wheat in his belly is the grain that ripens in late summer, while the wild plum is the fruit that ripens in autumn. This shows that at that time, people have been able to store food. "By measuring the ratio of carbon and nitrogen content through residual fossils, bones and hair, we can know what the general diet structure of the deceased is." Li Fajun said, "The way and degree of tooth wear can also be used to identify whether the deceased likes to eat meat or more fruits and vegetables. Just like a person who grew up eating pasta in the north and a person who grew up eating seafood in the south, the traces of tooth wear are different. " It turns out that our bodies are the best condensation of our individual life history. Li Fajun said that European archaeologists are very happy to restore the details of objects' lives, while domestic academic circles have begun to learn this kind of microscopic vision and repeatedly re-explore the information conveyed by bones across time and space.
Mysterious "Iceman Curse"
Oates' The Iceman is widely circulated all over the world, along with the mysterious Curse. After he was discovered, seven people who had contact with Oates died: 199 1 year. German forensic doctor Lena Henn dug Oates' bones out of the snow with his bare hands. The following year, he was killed in a car accident. The second person who died was Kurt Fritz. He is the guide who guided the helicopter to carry Oates. He was killed by an avalanche while climbing a mountain in 1993. The third victim was Lena Goetz, the only journalist who was allowed to film the whole process of the Iceman excavation. He died of a brain tumor in 2004. Then, bad luck came to the discoverer Helmut Simon. June, 5438+October, 2004 10, when he revisited his hometown, he encountered bad weather near the place where he found the "Iceman" and fell off a cliff and died! More mysteriously, just one hour after Simon's funeral, Dieter Vaneck, the captain of the rescue team responsible for searching and finding Simon's body, died of a heart attack. From June 5438 to October 2005, 63-year-old Australian archaeologist Tom Royza died at home. 12 years ago, he began to study Oates the Iceman, and was soon diagnosed with a rare blood disease. ……
Edit this passage of Antarctic explorer lawrence oates.
Version 1
Lawrence Edward Golas Oates (1880 March 17–1912 March17), British Antarctic explorer, 1880 was born in Putney, England, and then entered Eton. As a dragoon, he took part in the second Boer War. His uncle is Frank Oates, a naturalist and African explorer. 19 10, he applied to join the Antarctic expedition aboard the Robert Falcon Scott, and was accepted because of his rich horse experience and personal contributions to the expedition. Scott chose him as a member of a five-member team to complete his last trip to the South Pole, but Oates himself was not very interested in going to the South Pole, and the wound he was injured in the war at that time was aggravated by sepsis. Oates has repeatedly opposed Scott in the arrangement of adventure itinerary, and once wrote in his diary, "I hate Scott very much out of personal feelings. If we are not representing the British expedition, I really want to leave. " ... [Scott] is very frank, he only cares about himself and doesn't consider other things ... "... Nevertheless, he wrote in his diary that because of the difficult environment, he often couldn't control himself and complained in his diary. 1912 65438+10, February and March, on the way back from the Antarctic, the expedition was in a very difficult situation. After losing his partner edgar evans, Oates suffered from severe frostbite and his body began to weaken sharply. Because he was inconvenient to move, the other three teammates didn't want to leave him, so the overall progress of the team began to fall behind the plan. Finally, Oates realized the necessity of sacrificing himself for the survival hope of his teammates. He deliberately left the camp, leaving a sentence: "I'm just going outside, it may take a while", and then disappeared into the snowstorm. Nevertheless, Oates' sacrifice did not change the final result: Scott and two other players suffered another snowstorm after a long journey of 12 days, and were frozen to death at a distance of 1 1 mile from the food supply point. Oates' body has not been found. The day he died was his 32nd birthday.
Version 2
Oates, the captain of the Royal Guard, once reached the South Pole with Edward Wilson, herry bowers, edgar evans and robert Falcon scott. Oates became more and more unable to walk and became a burden to his friends, not a helper. One day at noon, the temperature reached MINUS 40 degrees Celsius, and they had to slow down. Unfortunately, Oates not only felt it, but also knew in his heart that it would bring bad luck to his friends, so he made the final preparations. He asked Wilson, who is in charge of scientific research, for ten morphine tablets, so as to end himself quickly when necessary. They accompanied the patient for another difficult day. Then the unfortunate man asked them to leave him in his sleeping bag and separate his fate from theirs. But they firmly rejected the idea, although they all knew that it would undoubtedly reduce everyone's burden. Therefore, the patient had to stagger for several kilometers dragging his frostbitten legs until he arrived at the camp and stayed there for the night. He slept with them until the next morning. When they got up early in the morning, they looked out and saw a snowstorm outside. Oates suddenly stood up and said to his friends, "I'm going out for a walk. Maybe I'll stay longer." The others can't help shivering. Everyone knows what it means to go out for a walk in this weather. But no one dared to say a word to stop him, and no one dared to reach out and shake hands with him. Everyone was awed to see lawrence oates, the captain of the Royal Guards, die like a hero.