What does the sandstorm weather in Beijing show? urgent ...
According to statistics, there were eight sandstorms in China in 1960s, three in 1970s 14 in 1980s14, and more than 20 in 1990s, and the scope of sandstorms became wider and wider with heavy losses. The situation of several major gale and sandstorm weather in China since the 1990s is introduced as follows:1993: From April to early May, gale weather appeared many times in the north. From April 19 to May 8, Gansu, Ningxia and Inner Mongolia were successively hit by strong winds and sandstorms. On May 5-6, eastern Xinjiang, Hexi in Gansu, most of Ningxia and western Inner Mongolia were hit by severe sandstorms, causing serious losses. 1994: From April 6, strong winds blew from Mongolia and western Inner Mongolia, and the dust in the Gobi desert in the north was lifted by the wind and floated over the Hexi Corridor, and the loess lasted for several days. 1 995:165438+1On 7 October, more than 40 counties (cities) in Shandong were hit by heavy rain, with 35 people killed, 12 1 missing, 320 injured and direct economic losses/kloc-0. 1996: On May 29th and 30th, 1965, the worst sandstorm swept the west of Hexi Corridor. The black wind suddenly broke out, the world was closed, the dust filled, the trees collapsed, and people had difficulty breathing. The direct economic loss in Jiuquan area, which suffered the most, reached more than 200 million yuan. 1998: On April 5, the central and western Inner Mongolia, southwestern Ningxia and Hexi Corridor in Gansu were hit by strong sandstorms, which affected a wide range, including Beijing, Jinan, Nanjing and Hangzhou. On April 19, Tutanto Basin in northern and eastern Xinjiang was hit by a strong wind with an instantaneous wind force of 12, and some areas were accompanied by dust. The devastating typhoon caused a lot of property losses, with 6 people dead, 44 missing and 256 injured. 19 In the early morning of May 1, northern Xinjiang was suddenly hit by strong winds. The wind power in the tuyere areas such as Alashankou and Tacheng reaches 9 to 10, and the instantaneous wind speed reaches 32 meters per second. The winds in other areas generally reach 6 to 7. Strong winds blew down trees and cut off power lines in some areas. 1999: From April 3rd to 4th, there were continuous strong winds and sandstorms in Hohhot for two consecutive days. Sandstorms range from the west of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region to the south of Tongliao City in the east, with instantaneous wind speed 16 meters per second. Maximum wind force in Dalat Banner of Yikezhao League 10. 2000: On March 22-23, there was a large-scale dusty weather in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, and some dust was carried over Beijing by strong winds, which aggravated the degree of sand blowing. On March 27th, the sandstorm hit Beijing again, and the instantaneous wind force in some areas reached 8-9. Seven workers who were working on the roof of a two-story building in Anxiangli Community were blown down by strong winds, and two of them died on the spot. Some billboards were blown down by strong winds, causing pedestrian injuries and vehicle damage. 2002: From March 18 to March/2 1 day, a sandstorm weather process with the largest scope, strongest intensity, the most serious impact and the longest duration since the 1990s, attacked China North1400,000 square kilometers and affected the population1300,000.
Concept, regulations and standards of sandstorm
Faced with the increasingly frequent sandstorms in the central and western regions of China and the continuous droughts in various places, experts agree.
It is pointed out that the development of conservation tillage is the fundamental measure to solve the agricultural drought and water shortage and the increasingly rampant sandstorm in the central and western regions.
It is urgent to vigorously develop this advanced agricultural production technology. Northwest A&F University Dryland Agriculture Institute
Li Like, a researcher and agricultural consultant in Shaanxi Province, said: "China is building the Three-North Shelterbelt and the Beijing Defense Line.
Sarin, returning farmland to forests, etc. , take the way of blocking and blocking to prevent sandstorms and land desertification, can't
Solve the problem. In addition, the survival rate of afforestation is also a problem due to the extreme drought in many areas. Advance to the Three North Areas
Extensive mechanized conservation tillage can conserve water by returning straw to the field, increase the power of organic fertilizer, and retain 60%.
Rainfall evaporation is 6 times that of water-saving irrigation. If we persist for more than ten years, we can solve the drought problem and plant trees.
Survival rate is guaranteed. The more fertile the land, the more food there will be, and the problem of eating in China will be solved.
It's over. Li Jinsheng, a researcher of grain and oil crops in Hebei Academy of Agricultural Sciences and head of the wheat expert advisory group in Hebei Province, said:
"Zhangjiakou and Chengde areas in Hebei Province are the main farmland dust source areas and air ducts that form sandstorm weather in Beijing and Tianjin.
With a population of 654.38+0.6 million, 34.5 million mu of farmland is threatened and endangered, which directly affects Beijing.
The success of the 2008 Olympic Games. The solution to these ecological and environmental problems is not only returning farmland to forests, but also extensive planting.
Except for windbreaks, conservation tillage can be completely eradicated. And only need to invest about 30 yuan per mu.
(Traditional agricultural farmers invest about 50 yuan per mu), which can reduce soil erosion by 60%.
Soil erosion is 80%, sandstorms are suppressed, wheat production is increased, and farmers' income is increased by 20-30%.
%。 "
To develop conservation tillage, experts suggest: from the central government to local governments, we should earnestly raise awareness, and government departments should
Door and scientific research institutions * * * together, to promote this technology. Conservation tillage is a new technology.
Technology can even be said to be a revolution in agricultural farming technology, and it is not enough to rely solely on agricultural machinery or agricultural departments.
A resultant force must be formed. Gao Huan, doctoral supervisor of China Agricultural University and director of Conservation Tillage Research Center of Ministry of Agriculture.
The article suggests: "The state should set up a' conservation tillage development project' to integrate Shanxi, Shaanxi, Hebei and Inner Mongolia.
Including Mongolia, Liaoning and Gansu, the dry farmland suitable for conservation tillage in the vast central and western regions is included.
Let's go He added: "The central and western regions of China, including some southern provinces, are suitable for conservation farming, including about.
600-700 million mu, with great potential for increasing production and environmental protection. "
To develop conservation tillage, experts suggest that we must vigorously build demonstration agricultural areas to make the best use of them.
The fact of life and death educates farmers. Cao Liansheng, director of Linfen Agricultural Machinery Bureau and agronomist, said: "Linfen City has used it.
It took more than ten years to popularize 400,000 mu of cultivated land. It takes a process for farmers to accept a new farming method. number; amount; how many; how much
It's hard to change a thousand-year-old tradition. This requires all parties to create a social atmosphere and send a large number of technologies.
Personnel who go deep into the village can demonstrate in person. Farmers see the difference between the two, especially 20.
In the drought in 2000, traditional farming almost failed, while conservation farming increased soil fertility because of water saving.
Crops are lush, and in full of green, people are enthusiastic about asking the government to help implement conservation farming. "
To develop conservation tillage, experts suggest that the research and development of technical support and machine support must keep up.
In fact, the state should give preferential treatment in bank loans, project establishment and government finance. Researcher Li Xiang said:
"Under our guidance, an agricultural machinery factory in Huxian County, Shaanxi Province has developed a new type of agricultural machinery, which needs 6,543,800 yuan.
Yuan production has funds, but there is no loan, so it has to be idle; As far as farmers are concerned, they need to buy agricultural machinery and fertilizers.
Where does the money for training come from? These problems must be solved by the government as soon as possible.
Sandstorm is a natural phenomenon, which is aggravated by human factors. At present, human beings can't stop the occurrence of sandstorms, but they can reduce their harm.
Dust storm prevention measures
1. Strengthen environmental protection and raise it to the height of legal system.
The 39th World Advertising Conference: Digital weapons fascinate men.
I don't miss my good luck, but every registered wealth member has a prize.
2. Restore vegetation, strengthen biological protection system and prevent sandstorms. Protect and restore forest and grass vegetation according to law, prevent further expansion of land desertification, and minimize dust sources.
3. According to the local conditions in different regions, formulate disaster prevention, disaster prevention and relief plans, actively promote various disaster reduction technologies, and build model projects, gradually promote them from point to area, and further improve the regional comprehensive defense system.
4. The long-term predatory exploitation of natural resources has caused serious damage to the natural ecological environment, and the deterioration of the environment has provided a rich source of dust for sandstorms.
5. Control population growth, reduce the pressure of human factors on land and protect the environment.
6. Strengthen the popular science propaganda on the relationship between the occurrence and harm of sandstorms and human activities, and make people realize that once the living environment is destroyed, it will be difficult to recover, which will not only aggravate natural disasters such as sandstorms, but also form a vicious circle, and people should consciously protect their living environment.
Four lines of defense to stop sandstorms
First, establish an ecological barrier mainly based on afforestation in the surrounding areas of Beijing and Tianjin in the north of Beijing;
The second is to build an ecological restoration and protection belt with returning farmland to forests as the core in the central and western parts of Hunshandake, Inner Mongolia;
Thirdly, the Ordos ecological barrier centered on the Yellow River irrigation area and Mu Us sandy land should be built in Hetao and Huangsha areas.
Fourth, establish a long-term cooperation plan framework with Mongolia to prevent and control sandstorms as soon as possible and set up a protective barrier for Mongolia.