Basic knowledge of fish farming

Basic knowledge of fish farming. In life, I believe many friends will keep fish at home. Fish cannot live without water, and they are closely related. So raising fish is actually raising water, and water can make money. Below I sorted out the basic knowledge of fish farming.

Basic knowledge of fish culture 1 1, pond location

It is necessary to choose places with sufficient water, good water quality and convenient transportation and power supply to build fish ponds. This is not only beneficial to water injection and drainage, but also beneficial to the transportation and sales of fish species, feed and adult fish.

2. Water and water quality

The pond should have good water source conditions, so that fresh water can be replenished frequently. Because of the high density of fish in the pond, the amount of feeding and fertilization is large, the dissolved oxygen in the pond is often in short supply, and the water quality is easy to deteriorate. Lead to serious fish floating head and a large number of deaths.

Although the aerator can prevent fish from floating, it can not fundamentally improve the water quality, which is not conducive to the growth of fish in the long run.

Pollution-free rivers and lakes are the best water sources for ponds. This kind of water-soluble oxygen is high and the water quality is good, which is suitable for fish growth. Therefore, the fish pond is best near the river or lake.

Well water can be used as the source of fish farming, but its water temperature and dissolved oxygen are low. When in use, well water should flow through a long canal or set up a solar pond, and a water receiving tray should be set up at the water inlet. After splashing on the water receiving board, the water will flow into the pond to increase the water temperature and dissolved oxygen.

Wastewater discharged from factories and mines often contains substances harmful to fish. After analysis and trial cultivation, it can be used as water for fish farming.

3. Area

The pond for feeding edible fish has a larger area. Large area, wide range of fish activities, and great influence by the wind; Wind power can not only increase dissolved oxygen, but also mix the upper and lower water layers in the pond to improve the dissolved oxygen condition of the lower water body.

Coupled with the relatively stable water quality, it is not easy to mutate, so there is a saying that "wide water raises big fish". But the area is too large, the feeding is not easy to be uniform, and the water quality is not easy to control.

When fishing in summer, it is time-consuming and difficult to catch too many fish in one net. A slight negligence can easily lead to a dead fish accident. The area is too large, the management is inconvenient, and the pool is large, and its windward side is also large, which is easy to form big waves and destroy the pool ridge.

Therefore, although large fish ponds of about 30 mu can also produce high yield, they are not widely used. Some small fish ponds (2 ~ 3 mu) can also achieve high yield, but after all, the water environment is unstable, occupying more dikes, and the water area is relatively reduced.

According to the current management level of edible fish, it is generally believed that the pond area is about 10 mu.

4. Water depth

Ponds for feeding edible fish need to have a certain depth and storage capacity to increase stocking quantity and yield. The pool water is deep, with large storage capacity and stable water quality, which is beneficial to fish growth.

Therefore, fishing proverbs have the saying "an inch of water, an inch of fish". According to the comparison of fish pond yield at different depths in helie town, Wuxi city, it is shown that.

With the increase of water depth, the stocking amount per unit area and net yield of grass carp, black carp, silver carp and bighead carp have increased greatly.

In the pond with deep average water depth (1.7m ~ 2.5m), the food intake of snails, clams and aquatic plants is 5 1% and 56% more than that of the pond with similar area but shallow water depth (1.2m ~ 1.5m).

But the deeper the pond, the better. If the pool water is too deep, the illumination condition of the lower water is poor, the dissolved oxygen is low, and the decomposition of organic matter consumes a lot of oxygen, which is easy to cause the lower water to be often deprived of oxygen.

So the water in the pool is too deep, which has a great influence on the survival and growth of fish. Practice has proved that the annual water level of intensive fish ponds should be kept at 2.0m~2.5m

5. Soil quality

The soil of ponds where carp are raised is loam, followed by clay and sand. 1 ~ 2 years later, the accumulated residual bait, fish droppings, biological corpses and sediment mixed to form silt, which replaced the original soil.

If there is too much sludge, the oxidation and decomposition of organic matter contained in it will consume a lot of oxygen, which is easy to cause hypoxia. Moreover, anaerobic fermentation of organic matter after anoxia will also produce harmful substances such as ammonia and hydrogen sulfide, which will affect the survival and growth of fish.

Usually, when fish species are stocked, there should be 5cm thick silt at the bottom of the pond, which plays a great role in supplementing nutrients in water and maintaining and regulating water fertility.

Basic knowledge of fish culture 2 First, novice fish culture pays special attention to the food of fish culture:

1, feed regularly and quantitatively. Opportunity helps the fish grow and help it get to know you faster. Quantitatively prevent fish from eating too much and causing death, and prevent leftover food from affecting water quality.

2. It is best to treat live food, such as disinfection, such as keeping it for a while and spitting out unclean things. Feed is very cheap, just one to five yuan, but you must know the habits of fish. Some fish don't accept feed.

Second, novice fish farmers pay special attention to the environment of fish farming:

1, the aquarium should have big fish but few. That is to say, the density of fish farming should be relatively small, and 1cm fish should be raised per liter of water. This breeding density is the experience summed up by many predecessors.

2. Arrangement of filters. The filtration device in this sense refers to biochemical filtration. It is no longer simply removing impurities from water. It is an indispensable system to establish a good circulation system and improve the hydrological environment by eliminating harmful substances in water through microorganisms.

3. The speed of water flow should be higher. It depends on the kind of fish. You raise fish in warm water or even still water. You can't wash it with big water, can you This means that the circulating water flow is as large as possible on the water flow it can bear.

4. Change a little water for three to seven days. Old water is the key to raising fish well, but new water is also essential to stimulate the metabolism of fish and aquatic plants.

5. Put some ice cubes in hot weather and some warm water in cold weather.

Basic knowledge of fish farming 3 Two misunderstandings of novice fish farmers

First of all, polyculture

Some students like both peacock fish and small goldfish, so they happily put them in the fish tank together, but after a few days, either the peacock died or the goldfish died. Why? This is the fifth mistake that beginners often make.

Error reason: Peacock fish belongs to tropical ornamental fish, which is suitable for living in water of 24-26 degrees Celsius, while goldfish is cold-water fish, which is suitable for living in water of 16- 18 degrees Celsius. Cold and hot water fish are mixed, or the water temperature is too low to raise tropical fish;

Either the water temperature is high, cold-water fish can't be raised, and there will be death in serious cases. Therefore, children's shoes must be distinguished, and cold-water fish cannot be mixed with tropical fish. Solution: Tropical fish and cold water fish are raised separately.

Error reason:

It is a common fact in the fish world that the big fish eat small fish and the small fish eat the fry. Big fish are mostly wild predators, and they are born quickly. Even if the fish are young when you buy them, they only need a short time to grow into giants. And the big fish is fierce, even if it is still small, it will attack other small fish. Solution: Identify big fish. Big fish and small fish can't be mixed together, including the larvae of big fish.

Second, the filter material cannot be chosen at will.

1, get out of the misunderstanding that regenerative filtration is more important than physical filtration.

Some friends don't pay much attention to physical filtration, but they use a lot of biochemical filtration materials, even dozens of kilograms of ceramic rings or glass rings, and some still can't achieve the best filtration effect. If the first physical filtration effect is thorough, do you still need so many biochemical filters? Of course, it is reasonable to use more biochemical filter materials in the filtration of straw cans, because the physical filtration of straw cans is often difficult to be complete, and a large number of nitrifying bacteria are needed to play a role.

2. Determination of the dosage of physical filtration and biochemical filtration media

The general principle of the dosage of physical filter media is that all impurity particles contained in the water flow entering the filter pool can be effectively separated, including the density, thickness and placement effect of the filter media, and there should be no overflow around the filter cotton block;

Otherwise, impurity particles will be lost, which will increase the burden of biochemical filtration. If you put a short and thin silk stocking on the entrance of the filter tank to cover the impurities, it is actually an effective filter, and the filter cotton becomes the second filter, and the effect will be much better. So three layers of filter cotton are basically enough.

In any case, it is a good choice to raise fish after work. The water vapor evaporated from the fish tank can also adjust the dry humidity of indoor air, which is beneficial to the environment. Therefore, if you decide to raise fish and raise it well, you will certainly get something.