Introduction to celebrities in Nanjing

Celebrities in Nanjing include Cao Xueqin, Fan Chunren, Liu Zhi, Jin Cong, Xu Xi, etc.

1. Cao Xueqin

Cao Xueqin (about May 28, 1715 - about February 12, 1763), named Zhan, courtesy name Mengruan, nicknamed Xueqin, also known as Qinxi and Qinpu, the author of the Chinese classic "A Dream of Red Mansions", his ancestral home is Tieling, Liaoning, born in Jiangning (now Nanjing), Cao Xueqin Born in the Zhengbai Banner wrapping family of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Qing Dynasty, he was the grandson of Cao Yin, a weaver in Jiangning, and the son of Cao Yong (some say the son of Cao Fu).

In his early years, Cao Xueqin experienced a life of rich and romantic life in Jiangning Zhizao Mansion, Nanjing. Great-grandfather Cao Xi worked as a weaver in Jiangning; great-grandmother Sun worked as the nanny of Emperor Kangxi; grandfather Cao Yin worked as Emperor Kangxi's companion and imperial bodyguard, and later worked as a weaver in Jiangning, and also served as the envoy to inspect the salt in Huaihe River, and was highly trusted by Kangxi. In the sixth year of Yongzheng's reign (1728), the Cao family's home was confiscated because of a deficit, and Cao Xueqin moved back to his old home in Beijing with his family. Later he moved to the western suburbs of Beijing and made a living by selling calligraphy and painting and providing charity to friends. From then on, the Cao family failed to recover and gradually declined.

After experiencing a major turning point in life, Cao Xueqin deeply felt the harshness of the world and had a clearer and deeper understanding of feudal society. He despised the powerful, stayed away from officialdom, and lived a difficult life of poverty. Cao Xueqin has an open nature and a wide range of hobbies. She has studied epigraphy, poetry, painting, gardening, traditional Chinese medicine, darning, crafts, and diet. With perseverance and many years of hardship, he finally created a great work of great ideological and artistic quality - "A Dream of Red Mansions".

2. Fan Chunren

Fan Chunren (June 1027-1101), named Yaofu, posthumous title Zhongxuan. A minister of the Northern Song Dynasty, known as the "Prime Minister of Common People". The second son of Fan Zhongyan, who participated in political affairs. ?

Fan Chunren was born in Yingtianfu, Nanjing (now Shangqiu, Henan) in June of the fifth year of Tiansheng (1027). Emperor Renzong of Song Dynasty became a Jinshi in the first year of his reign. He studied from Hu Yuan and Sun Fu. After his father's death, he became an official in Xiangyi County. He served as a censor and served as an official at the Imperial Academy. He then became an official in Hezhong Prefecture and moved to Chengdu Road as a transit envoy. Song Zhezong was established and paid homage to Shizhong. In the first year of Yuanyou, he learned about the affairs of the Privy Council and later paid homage to the prime minister.

Zhezong of Song Dynasty took charge of the government personally and was demoted to Yongzhou for resettlement. After Fan Chunren ascended the throne under Emperor Huizong of the Song Dynasty, he was restored to the rank of Guanwendian University Scholar, but he later begged to return home due to eye problems. He died during the Jingguo period in Jianzhong, and was posthumously given the title of "Yitong Sansi" to Kaifu, with the posthumous title of Zhongxuan. He is the author of "Fan Zhongxuan Public Collection".

3. Liu Zhi

Liu Zhi (1669-1764), named Jielian and named Yizhai, was born in Shangyuan (Nanjing) of the Qing Dynasty. He was a famous Muslim among the Hui people in the early Qing Dynasty. Scholar and author, according to research by Mr. Ma Zaiyuan, an expert on Liu Zhi, Liu Zhi lived to be 96 years old. For details, see "Chronological Examination of Mr. Liu Jielian".

He cultivated himself, studied hundreds of classics and history, and read more than 100 kinds of Western books. He worked hard and devoted himself to writing books and expositions for more than 40 years. He then created an Islamic ideological system with Chinese characteristics and was praised by scholars. He is the master of Chinese Islamic philosophy and is respected by most Muslims as a "sage". Liu Zhi wrote hundreds of volumes in his lifetime, and "Tianfang Ceremony" was included in the "Sikuquanshu" compiled during the Qianlong period.

4. Jin Cong

Jin Cong (1449--1501) was born in the Ming Dynasty. His courtesy name was Yuanyu. His nickname was Chisong Shannong. He was a native of Jinling (now Nanjing). He was young and intelligent, good at chanting, calligraphy and painting, and could write a lot of books at the age of 12 or 3. He first learned from Zhao Mengfu and later from Zhang Yu. There is no fault in learning to draw plum blossoms. He is also an expert in making fake calligraphy and paintings of Zhao Mengfu. When he writes about his works, he often puts the title and title along with it, and then faithfully adds his own name and title at the end of the article.

Because Jin Cong's calligraphy is very similar to Zhao's calligraphy, many of Jin Cong's calligraphy, even if they were not intentionally forged, were dug up by later generations and added the three characters "Zhao Mengfu" to deceive the world.

5. Xu Xi

Xu Xi, an outstanding painter of the Southern Tang Dynasty in the Five Dynasties, was a native of Jinling (now Nanjing), or Zhongling (now Jinxian, Jiangxi). Born in a "famous family in the south of the Yangtze River". He was born in the Guangqi period of Emperor Xizong of the Tang Dynasty. He returned to the Song Dynasty with Empress Li in the last year of Kaibao (975 AD) and died of illness soon after. He had never been an official in his life, so Guo Ruoxu called him "a scholar from the south of the Yangtze River". Shen Kuo said that he was a "Jiangnan commoner". His temperament is bold and open-minded, his ambition is high, and he is good at painting flowers, bamboos, trees, cicadas, butterflies, grass and insects, and his beauty is no different from nature.

Baidu Encyclopedia—Cao Xueqin

Baidu Encyclopedia—Fan Chunren

Baidu Encyclopedia—Liu Zhi

Baidu Encyclopedia—Jin Cong

Baidu Encyclopedia—Xu Xi