[Reward 100! The question about He Shibi: How did "Bi" make the jade seal?

The ancient imperial seal was flat, as can be seen from the seal of the queen of the Western Han Dynasty. In this case, it is possible to make the jade seal if it is thick enough (at least 4 cm thick), but I have a big question here. Since it is already the "wall" of the vessel, it would be a pity to make the jade seal only a corner, and the wall was priceless at that time, so I think there are so many doubts about this matter.

First, is she real? Now the earliest document that records her is Han Feizi, but Zuo Zhuan in the early Warring States period did not record such a thing. In fact, Zuo Zhuan recorded many things related to jade. Why did she miss such an important woman? The most important evidence is Wang Sunxuan recorded in Zuozhuan and Guoyu. Zhao Jianzi, who was in power in the State of Jin, asked Chu Guobao "Hundred Balances" without mentioning Cai He. From this, we can probably know that Cai He at the end of the Spring and Autumn Period was either completely false or unknown, or the king of Chu was very rare, so he kept it a secret. There is also a saying that Bian He gave this jade to the king of Chu, Li, and Wen. Therefore, according to the Chu family history recorded in history, Chu Wuwang is the King of Chu. He didn't have this king Li of Chu before. His previous king was Jun Mao, who reigned for fifty-one years, and then King Wen of Chu reigned for twelve years. Even if Bian He gave the treasure three times, if he. Let's look at another suspicious place in the history book. According to the Warring States Policy, Lingyin Zhaoyang gave it to her when she was in Chu Weiwang, but it was lost when Zhang Yi went to Zhaoyang House for dinner. So I suspect that Zhang Yi disappeared from Chu until he reappeared in Zhao, while Historical Records-Biography of Zhang Yi only said that Cai Mao lost to Ling Yin. Moreover, compared with the correspondence of the Warring States period unearthed from Mawangdui Han Tomb, this incident was not recorded in the early Han Dynasty, so we can doubt whether this piece of jade really exists. In addition, Han Feizi, a master of legalist reasoning prose, recorded the jade incident in He Shen in order to show that the owner should distinguish the essence of human beings, rather than obsessing over the thing itself. The Warring States policy is typical. Many things are inconsistent with history. Among them, it is recorded that Zhang Yi is suspected of stealing Choi, with the purpose of eliciting his "golden words and jade words", so its credibility is also very doubtful.

Secondly, from the concept of comparison, before the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, comparison should have two meanings. One is oblate jade with a hole in the middle, and the other is jade cut out in one piece. From this perspective, He Shibi is more likely to be the latter. In Zuo Zhuan, it is recorded that "Zhou Yan: People are innocent, and backpacking is a crime." Maybe the landlord asked me how you knew this jade was used as jade. There is a simple reason. This usage in Zuo Zhuan is not an isolated case. Another example is the "vertical ridge jade", which is named after the place of origin, while the jade contained in the Book of Rites is named after the decorative patterns such as Pu and Gu, or named after the materials such as Shan Xuan. It can be seen that the latter refers to the concreteness of jade.

Thirdly, it is also a very important evidence, which shows that it can't be a "treasure" at that time, let alone a priceless treasure, and even the king of Qin wanted to use it as a national seal. Xia Nai, a famous archaeologist in China, once knew that the ancestors of China could identify all kinds of jade materials as early as the Shang Dynasty, and obviously cherished nephrite from Wadayama. Although ancient jade is hard to distinguish, from the excavation of many aristocratic cemeteries in Yin and Western Zhou Dynasties, there was a custom of offering sacrifices to Hetian jade as early as the Western Zhou Dynasty, and of course it also had the ability to identify Hetian jade. If it really exists, it comes from Jingshan. Then, of course, it's not Hetian jade, so it can't be valued so high, so it won't be regarded as a treasure. In addition to Hetian jade, white jade is produced in many places in China, but the ancients' understanding of the value of jade is "virtue before symbol", which means that the texture of jade is more important than color, which is why the delicate and moist texture of Hetian jade is higher than that of white jade in other places.

Therefore, from the above three points, it is very unlikely that Cui and Cui will be made into official seals, and even the matter itself is fake.