A Brief Introduction to Zhou Peigong The first strange girl who never married in the Republic of China fell in love with Liang Qichao and Wang Jingwei.
Love story: At that time, many people pursued Lv Bicheng. It is said that Lv Bicheng has a high vision and only takes a fancy to Liang Qichao and Wang Jingwei, but she thinks Liang Qichao is too old and Wang Jingwei is too young. There are only a handful of people she can see, and the people she sees will often "let you get married." I think "there are not many men I can satisfy in my life", and Lv Bicheng has never been married.
Lv Bicheng can be said to be the first strange woman in the Republic of China. Her life is legendary: she wrote Ta Kung Pao and was praised as "the first female editor in China"; She is an outstanding modern poetess with brilliant talent and brilliant literary talent. She has both courage and talent, and participated in the establishment of Beiyang Women's College, becoming "the first woman in charge of school administration in modern education history"; She dabbled in politics, participated in business competition and traveled to Europe and America. "She lost all her money and drove away thousands of people, but she was not proud of herself." She lived every step of her life wonderfully, but finally she saw the world and prosperity.
a rare talented woman.
When he was 12 years old, his accomplishments in poetry, calligraphy and painting were already high.
Lv Bicheng was born in Jingde County, Anhui Province in the 9th year of Guangxu reign. His father Lu Fengqi was the first scholar of Ding Chou in Guangxu three years. He used to be the assistant editor of the National History Museum, the editor-in-chief of Jade Butterfly, and a Shanxi scholar. His family has 3, books. Influenced by his scholarly family, Lv Bicheng was very clever and said very early, "He was gifted in algae since he was a child. He is good at poetry and printing, and he has a good rhythm. " Chinese characters are particularly famous in the world. Every word comes from all directions. "
Lv Bicheng Herzog
By the time Lv Bicheng was 12 years old, he had already achieved great accomplishments in poetry, painting and calligraphy. This year, she wrote such a sentence:' Green ants float in spring, jade dragons return to snow, who knows the mother's secret?' Talk about soldiers in the rain at night, swords in the spring breeze and rainbows in the sky. Put away infinite hatred. Don't you know? This is a natural powder, crystalline powder. Try Lingbo micro-step, cold and relaxed water. Immersed in magnolia, talking about red and purple. Liao Hai's fame, a child he hated when he was a teenager, so he left a room and wrote it happily in Danqing.
When someone told Zengxiang Fan, the then "poet", that it was the work of a 12-year-old girl, he was too surprised to speak for a long time. He can't believe that "the rain at night talks about soldiers and the spring breeze talks about swords". Such exciting words come from a little girl!
Lv Bicheng has written more than a dozen poems, such as Fang Xin Ji, Zhu Xiao Ji, Xue Hua Ci, Xiangguang Lu Xiao and so on. Long Yusheng, a theorist of modern philology, praised her masterpiece as "the last poetess in the last 3 years" and "a rare talented woman" and was listed in Selected Works of Famous Scholars in the Last 3 Years.
critic Tao Jie said that Lv Bicheng's words were "not the first beauty, but a beacon of the times". Beautiful handwriting, you can't see majesty, sensitivity and delicacy, but you are secretly angry. Liu Yazi believes that Lv Bicheng has been a "poetess" for more than one hundred years. Lv Bicheng is not only an outstanding modern poetess, but also an outstanding poet. The poet Master Yi once praised: "His high evaluation of poetry and writing is excellent. They are all unusually manipulating family ownership.
Lv Bicheng is not only a great talented woman, but also a great beauty. Her beauty can also be seen from the poems given to her at that time, such as "natural eyebrows contain heroic spirit, lakes and mountains nourish the spirit everywhere" and "ice and snow are smart and lotus flowers are brilliant" Su, a famous modern woman writer, once praised her as "as beautiful as a fairy".
Character introduction: Lv Bicheng
Lv Bicheng, Yuan Shikai's former female secretary, created the landscape of "envy others alone and push Lv Bicheng salty everywhere". At the beginning of the 2th century, in China's literary world, women's circle and even the whole society, "gifted scholar" and "charm" were the real phoenixes in people's minds. As a talented woman in the Republic of China, Lv Bicheng has never been married, and she is also a leftover woman in the Republic of China.
The first female editor in China
became the chief editor of Ta Kung Pao in her early twenties.
at the age of nine, he was engaged to the son of the squire king in the same city. Great changes took place in her family when she was 13 years old. Her father died of illness, all the property in the family was occupied by ethnic minorities, and her mother was strictly confined. With a heavy burden, Lv Bicheng wrote letters to his father's friends and students, asking for help everywhere, including Zengxiang Fan, then the governor of Jiangning and Liangjiang. Officials dare not neglect, and Lv Bicheng's mother escaped. However, Lv Bicheng's husband-in-law is wary: she has such energy at a young age, and such a daughter-in-law may be difficult to discipline after going out in the future, so she filed for divorce. At that time, a woman's engagement was involuntary, and divorce was a great shame. This painful experience left an unforgettable mark on Lv Bicheng's heart and became a wound that she could not heal all her life. From then on, she had a great hatred for the feudal system.
Under the double blow of widowed and divorced daughters, my mother came to Yan State with four underage daughters, and my younger brother became a salt envoy in Tanggu, and began to live in a sponsor's home.
after the reform movement of 1898, a firm reform thought appeared. In 193, 2-year-old Lv Bicheng was dissatisfied with the calligraphy and beauty life in the boudoir, and planned to go to Tianjin to study women's calligraphy. When my niece wanted to enter a new school, she was severely reprimanded by her conservative uncle, saying that girls should abide by women's morality at home, which caused great anger in Lv Bicheng. The next day, she left home and got on the train to Tianjin. She was penniless and didn't even have time to pack. Alone, Lv Bicheng met a kind-hearted man on the train, the proprietress of Fozhao Hotel in Tianjin. When she learned about Lv Bicheng, she took it home and lived there.
Because Lv Bicheng has no financial resources, his life is temporarily in trouble, so he wanders around. She learned by chance that the wife of Fang Jun, the secretary of her uncle's department, lived at the Ta Kung Pao in binjiang road, Tianjin, so she wrote her a letter, telling her about her experiences and various situations in Tianjin and sincerely asking for help.
maybe this is fate. This letter happened to be seen by Lianzhi Ying, the general manager and editor-in-chief of Ta Kung Pao. Lianzhi Ying, who only loves talents, visited Mrs Fang's house in person. After meeting, she appreciated Lv Bicheng's courage very much, and immediately decided to invite her to be an internship editor of Ta Kung Pao and let her transfer to the newspaper. There is a ray of hope behind the dark clouds. Since then, Lv Bicheng has become the first female editor in the history of China journalism and started her independent life.
Lv Bicheng's poems were praised by his predecessors only a few months after Ta Kung Pao. His poems have strict rules and brilliant literary talent. In 194, Lv Bicheng became the chief writer of Ta Kung Pao, and her wonderful articles appeared frequently. Her two sisters, Lu Huiru and Lu, are as famous for their poems as she is. They are called "the world-famous Huainan Sanlu". Ta Kung Pao edited and published Sister Lu's Poems, commenting that they were "fruitful stars".
Starting from the social field
I used to like Liang Qichao and Wang Jingwei.
At that time, the beautiful scenery of Lv Bicheng often appeared at various parties. At that time, he was sought after by celebrities from all walks of life, such as the famous poet, Master Yi, Yun, the son of Yuan Shikai, and Li Jingxi, the son of Li Hongzhang.
At that time, many people were pursuing Lv Bicheng. It is said that Lv Bicheng has a high vision and only takes a fancy to Liang Qichao and Wang Jingwei, but she thinks Liang Qichao is too old and Wang Jingwei is too young. In addition, according to the research of Fang Hao, a modern Catholic historian, Lianzhi Ying, the editor-in-chief of Ta Kung Pao, loves Lv Bicheng very much, which even leads to the misunderstanding of his wife.
Lv Bicheng told his friends how he felt: not many people can be satisfied in life. Liang Qichao had a family long ago, Wang Jingwei was too young, and Wang Rongbao married well. Zhang Jian once introduced Zhu Zongyuan to me, but he was not confused at the end of his life. He has a white beard, which is inappropriate. My purpose is not money and family, but my position in literature. So it is difficult to find a suitable partner. If you can't do this in the East or the West, you will lose the opportunity. Fortunately, I have some savings at hand, and I don't worry about food and clothing. I only entertain myself with literature.
Liang Qichao
pioneer of advocating women's rights
/s2/] They have a deep friendship with Qiu Jin. They often talk about state affairs.
Lv Bicheng once shared a bed with Qiu Jin, a "former Hu daughter" who called for revolution, and was a pioneer in launching the feminist movement. The friendship with Lv Bicheng is solid, and he talked about the people's multi-ethnic movement. They * * * share the same wish that "old customs will be met again, and close friends will become new people." Interestingly, Qiu Jin was named Bi Cheng because he admired Lv Bicheng, and many of Lv Bicheng's works were mistaken for Qiu Jin's, so Qiu Jin "enthusiastically cancelled his name". Soon, Lv Bicheng wrote an introduction article for China Women's Daily founded by Qiu Jin. When Qiu Jin was killed, Lv Bicheng was so sad that he couldn't sleep at night. He managed to steal his own body, bury it with others, and pay homage to the Holy Spirit.
Lv Bicheng wrote a biography of revolutionary woman Qiu Jin in English, which was published in newspapers in new york, Chicago and other places in the United States, causing great repercussions.
Yan Fu's female disciple
established a girls' school, which was strongly recommended by teachers.
during his tenure as editor-in-chief of Ta Kung Pao, Lv Bicheng actively published a large number of poems advocating women's rights and women's liberation. As a pioneer of women's ideological emancipation, she believes that in order to realize women's real independence, we must "inspire people's wisdom" and vigorously improve women's ideological and cultural quality. Therefore, the establishment of a new girls' school has become her ideal goal. To this end, Lv Bicheng made many speeches to publicize the necessity and importance of establishing girls' schools. She raised the establishment of women's studies to a height related to the rise and fall of the country, thus impacting the outdated concept that "the lack of female talents is a virtue" accumulated for thousands of years.
In order to help set up a girls' school, the general manager and editor-in-chief of Ta Kung Pao introduced her to celebrities such as Yan Fu, Yan and Fu Zengxiang to show their support. Yan Fu was a famous translator, thinker and educator from 755 to 79. At that time, he taught at Tianjin Naval Academy and served as president. He had a close relationship with Lianzhi Ying, and personally signed The Theory of Evolution. He also heard of Lv Bicheng's name and admired her very much. He praised her and said: "This woman is elegant, straightforward, intelligent, lovely, and a foreigner. She is too indifferent and looks down on anyone. Therefore, I am very gentle and obedient. I refuse to talk about the shortcomings of others except my own analysis. "
Yan Fu not only accepted her as a female disciple, but also taught the principles of logic seriously. Teachers and students exchange poems and sing together. She also recommended Lv Bicheng to Yuan Shikai, saying that she was the best person to start a women's college. Yuan Shikai readily agreed to let her assist scholars in the Reform Movement of 1898 and Zhili, and let Fu Zengxiang organize women's studies.
The p>23-year-old headmaster
spared no effort to promote the new women's education.
With the sponsorship of officials such as Shao Yi of Tianjin Daoyintang, the preparations for women's studies are progressing smoothly. Ta Kung Pao was published by Lv Bicheng on October 3rd, 194. On November 17th of the same year, Beiyang Women's College was formally established and opened, with Lv Bicheng as dean and Fu Zengxiang as supervisor. Two years later, the teachers' department was added and renamed Beiyang Women's Teachers' School. At the age of 23, Lv Bicheng was promoted to supervisor. Such a young headmistress was unique in China at that time.
During this period, Lv Bicheng's thoughts on women's education are mainly reflected in the following aspects: China's women's education is based on transforming the national quality and cultivating "complete individuals" and "complete citizens" with all-round development in morality, intelligence and physique; Women should enjoy the same right to education as men, break the educational rules of literacy and housekeeping, and give women a comprehensive education on the basis of western education; Female education should boldly employ male teachers to improve the quality of female education; Female students should not only become teachers in girls' schools, but also become male teachers in the future.
Lv Bicheng spared no effort to promote the new female education. She worked for 78 years and was personally responsible for management and classes. She combined China's traditional virtues with western thoughts of democracy and freedom, and China's traditional studies with western natural sciences, making Beiyang Women's Normal School one of the birthplaces of modern female civilization in China. Many girls who studied here later became outstanding revolutionaries, educators and artists in China, such as Deng Yingchao, Liu Qingyang, Xu Guangping, Guo Longzhen and Zhou Daoru. They all attended Lv Bicheng's lecture.
the power of an example is infinite. Under this influence, the Lu sisters devoted themselves to women's education and made great achievements. Elder sister Lu Huiru is the principal of Nanjing Liangjiang Women's Normal School; Sister Lu is the principal of Fengtian Women's Normal School; My sister Lu Kunxiu is a teacher of Xiamen Women's Normal School, and also a famous poet and educator. "Respecting the virtuous family and four talented women" became a hot topic at that time and was highly respected by people at that time.
Yuan Shikai's secretary
resigned and took part in a business competition and went to Europe and America.
after the founding of the People's Republic of China, Yuan Shikai stole the achievements of the Revolution of 1911 and became the president. He entered Xinhua Palace as the confidential secretary of President Lv Bicheng's government. After Yuan Shikai wanted to be emperor, a gang of security guards actively advocated Yuan Shikai's restoration of monarchy. Lv Bicheng despised Yuan Shikai and his followers, resolutely resigned and moved to Shanghai with his mother. She organized trade with foreign businessmen, and in just two or three years, she accumulated considerable wealth and became a wealthy businesswoman.
In p>1918, Lv Bicheng went to Columbia University to study literature and art, and served as a special correspondent for Ta Kung Pao. She sent everything she saw in the United States back to China so that China people could see the world with her. Four years later, she returned home. In 1926, Lv Bicheng went abroad alone again, roaming Europe and America. The trip took longer and lasted for seven years. She wrote her own story "General Principles for the Establishment of Tianjin Girls' School", which was serialized in the magazines Roaming Europe and America and Hong Xue Career.
Lv Bicheng never married in his life, and later he became interested in religion. In the early years of the Republic of China, Lv Bicheng met a monk on the platform in Beijing. However, according to her own statement, Lv Bicheng really started to believe in Buddhism around 1929. At that time, living in London, England, her friend Mrs. Sun happened to "pick up the leaflets of the master printer and the Buddhist pamphlet of Nie Yuntai" in the street. Mrs. Sun dismissed this: "In this era, who still believes in this thing!" But Lv Bicheng immediately said, "I want it!" "Then hide it, and recite the holy name ten times every morning as Master Yin Guang taught, which is the so-called Ten Classics." This is the beginning of learning Buddhism. "
After Lv Bicheng believed in Buddhism, he adhered to the Five Commandments, became a vegetarian, and vigorously advocated animal protection. In 1929, she accepted the invitation of the International Society for the Protection of Animals and represented China at the meeting of the International Society for the Protection of Animals in Vienna, vigorously advocating vegetarianism and "protecting students from being killed". In 193, Lv Bicheng officially converted to Sambo religion and became a layman. His French name is Manzi.
In p>1939, when World War II broke out, the smoke in Europe was thicker than that in China. From Lv Bicheng to Hongkong. He lived in the house he bought in Shanguang Road, Hong Kong, and then moved to Jueyuan East Union. On January 24, 1943, he died alone in Kowloon, Hong Kong, at the age of 61. He was ordered not to leave any bones. After cremation, he made the ashes and flour into pills and threw them into the South China Sea.