What are the technical requirements of beryl series rifles?
5.56 mm tantalum wz.9 1 and Onyx wz.92 are not much different from their predecessors with 5.45 mm caliber. These two weapons with different calibers have 90% in common. The most remarkable change in appearance is the use of black magazine, handle and wooden guard. The wooden fender is AK-74 type, and the surface has longitudinal anti-slip. However, this was mainly influenced by the trend at that time, and the black part was not specially used for the 5.56 mm Tantalum gun family. For example, the same kind of black plastic wood protective devices and grips were installed on the last batch of AKMS in Radom Arsenal.
As for the reason for switching to plastic magazines, it is said that the factory that originally produced stamped metal magazines has gone bankrupt, and another company has taken over the production of plastic magazines with three calibers of 7.62, 5.45 and 5.56 from the beginning. Switching to new ammunition also changed the muzzle velocity and kinetic energy of the weapon. In order to match the new ballistic characteristics, in addition to changing the specifications of mechanical sights, PCS-5 Gabro also requires the design of new optical sights (LK-4 and LD-6), collimating sights (CK- 1) and laser indicators in the Industrial Optics Center (PCO) in Warsaw.
However, due to the short-term economic chaos caused by political turmoil, many weapons development in Poland at that time had to be suspended due to lack of further funds, including 5.56 mm tantalum and onyx.
Later, NATO formed a meeting and decided to accept about Yuan Hua as a member. NATO and Poland signed a memorandum of partnership, acknowledging that Poland will formally join NATO at the turn of the new century.
Therefore, the Polish General Staff began to plan a series of radical hardware procurement plans, including the intention to completely replace the original 7.62x39 and 5.45x39 rifles with new 5.56mm rifles. The former was still used by many units at that time, with a stock of more than one billion. Therefore, M43 ammunition was still considered as standard ammunition at that time, while 5.45 mm became an outdated product overnight, and its production line was completely closed.
Tantalum rifles that have been equipped with troops are planned to continue to be used in the original troops until a small amount of ammunition stocks are used up, and then they are replaced with new 5.56 mm rifles or old AKMS. In response to this plan, the Polish military launched two projects at the same time: first, ZA Mesko SA Company was responsible for copying 5.56 mm SS 109 rifles and other ammunition with the same caliber, and ZM Lutznik SA Company was responsible for designing automatic rifles and short carbines code-named "Beryllium".
On the other hand, PCO is responsible for developing new optical sights and photoelectric sights for the ballistic performance of new ammunition. These new sights will be tested on wz.9 1/wz.92 to check whether they are consistent with the trajectory of 5.56 mm. ..
In1995,65438+October. The tactical and technical requirements documents of the gun family were sent to ZM Lutznik Company, among which the basic requirements for rifles were "NATO assault rifles with a standard caliber of 5.56 mm, which can effectively deal with people and light armored vehicles in the longest range of 600 meters". The latter requirement means reaffirming the ability to launch rifle grenades. The requirement for carbines is "as short as possible, between assault rifles and submachine guns, and can deal with people and light armored vehicles within the range of 400 meters."
According to tactical and technical requirements, beryllium series also requires:
Firing 5.56mm SS 109 (NATO 4 172 standard) and old M 193 ammunition;
The launching mechanism has the functions of single engine, three engines and full automatic selection;
Can launch NATO 22 mm rifle grenades and Polish Fosforyt rifle grenades;
Modern optical sights (CK-3 collimation sight, LKA-4 optical sight, CWL- 1 optical/laser sight and PCS-6 night vision sight) meeting the ballistic performance of 5.56 mm. ..
According to the test experience of the previous 5.56 mm tantalum rifle, these requirements can basically be met, but the new rifle needs to strengthen the stock and casing to better resist the recoil when launching grenades.
1995, 19 In April, the Ministry of National Defense signed an agreement with Lucznik Company of Radom Company with the contract number of 35/UBR/95, which stipulated that ZM Lucznik SA Company should complete the design of 5.56 mm automatic rifles and carbine guns, manufacture1kloc-0/prototype guns for military testing, and Therefore, it is proposed in the contract that this "new" weapon can continue the project of "Tantalum" rifle with a caliber of 5.56 mm to some extent.
Because the deadline is too short, every small problem will endanger its overall progress. In fact, the delivery date of 5.56mm NATO standard ammunition imported from Israeli TAAS Ammunition Company was delayed during customs inspection, so the first live ammunition test was delayed to 1995 12 1 to 15. Then, the first batch of sample guns and test ammunition were handed over to the Institute of Ordnance Technology in Jelingkari near Warsaw for further testing. The new gun family was designed and finalized in199665438+1October 3 1, but some minor changes were made until the last minute before finalization. 1On May 20th, 996, the new artillery family passed the audit and was proved to fully meet the indicators in the tactical technical requirements document. Subsequently, on 1 August 1996 13, the Ministry of National Defense signed a second production contract with Lutnik, requesting the production of 18 rifles and six carbines, which were delivered to the Polish Army for trial on1June 19971day.
654381October 20th delivered on time, and Lucznik began to produce gun family parts as spare parts for trial rifles on March 20th 1997. At that time, the Beryllium gun family was officially defined as "5.56mm M 1996 Beryll assault rifle" (KBSwZ.96byl) and "5.56 mm m1996 Mini Beryll" (KBKWZ.96 Mini-Beryll).
Zaklady Mechaniczne Lucznik SA filed for bankruptcy in 2002, but before bankruptcy liquidation, it still produced some beryllium assault rifles for the Polish army. A new company appeared on the ruins of ZM Lutznik Co., Ltd., whose predecessor was Radom Arsenal before World War II, but the "1 1" logo of the Arsenal was replaced by a new "FB" logo.