The original title of the poem "Grass" was "." This poem describes

The original title of the poem "Grass" was "." This poem describes

"Farewell to the Ancient Grass" is a famous work by Bai Juyi, a poet of the Tang Dynasty. This poem expresses the feeling of farewell to friends through the description of the wild grass in the ancient plains. It can be seen as an ode to weeds and then to life. The first four lines of the poem focus on expressing the beauty of the weed's life over time, while the last four lines focus on expressing the beauty of its immediate life. The whole poem is rigorous in composition, with natural and fluent language, neat dialogues, vivid and harmonious descriptions of scenery and lyricism, and a complete artistic conception. It is the swan song of "Fu Dede". The first four sentences of the ancient poem "Grass" in the primary school textbook of the People's Education Press are selected. The original title of this poem is What Praise

It is said that this poem was written by Bai Juyi when he was sixteen years old. Zhang Gu's "Youxian Advocacy" of the Tang Dynasty records that Bai Juyi went to Chang'an to take the exam and brought his poems to visit Gu Kuang. Gu joked after his name: "The price of rice is expensive, and it's not easy to live in it." The first poem by Bai Juyi is "Grass" , he sighed and said: "Tao has a word, it is easy to live here", "Because of the extension of reputation, the reputation has become great." Bai Juyi used the grass on the original land as a metaphor for farewell, which is unique in imagination and meaningful in emotion. The two sentences "Wild Fire" have been passed down through the ages, which not only highlight the tenacious vitality of weeds, but also express the praise of new things. The original title of the poem "Fude Gu Yuan Cao Farewell" is the famous work of Bai Juyi, a poet of the Tang Dynasty. This poem expresses the feeling of farewell to friends through the description of the wild grass in the ancient plains. It can be seen as an ode to weeds and then to life. The first four lines of the poem focus on expressing the beauty of the weed's life over time, while the last four lines focus on expressing the beauty of its immediate life. The whole poem is rigorous in composition, with natural and fluent language, neat dialogues, vivid and harmonious descriptions of scenery and lyricism, and a complete artistic conception. It is the swan song of "Fu Dede". The first four sentences of the ancient poem "Grass" in the primary school textbook of the People's Education Press are selected.

This poem was written in the third year of Zhenyuan (787), when the author was sixteen. Poems are exercises for exams. According to the rules of the examination, for any designated and limited poem title, the word "Fu De" must be added before the title. The method is similar to that of chanting things. The meaning of the title must be clear. The succession and transition must be clear, the contrast must be precise, and the whole poem must be ethereal. Only when it is pure and pure can it be called decent. The original title of the poem "Cao" is Bai Juyi's sentence pattern (), ()

Cao/Fu De Gu Yuan Cao Farewell

Dynasty: Tang Dynasty

Author ：Bai Juyi

Original text:

Li Liyuan grows grass, withering and flourishing every year.

Wildfires never burn out, but the spring breeze blows them again.

The distant fragrance invades the ancient road, and the clear green meets the deserted city.

I sent the king and grandson off again, and they were full of love. What is the title of this poem?

Inscribed on Nanzhuang, Capital City

Last year, in this gate,

the peach blossoms on the human face complemented each other in red.

I don’t know where the human face is,

The peach blossoms still smile in the spring breeze.

Source:

Chinese Poetry-Tang and Five Dynasties-Cui Hu

Comments:

This is a sincere lyric poem. When Cui Hu was in the final year of his Jinshi examination, he traveled alone to Nanzhuang on the outskirts of Chang'an during the Qingming Festival. When he came to a farmhouse with peach blossoms in full bloom, a beautiful girl came out to receive him warmly, leaving an unforgettable impression on both of them. When the Qingming Festival came again the next year, the courtyard door was closed and the girl was nowhere to be found. Only the peach blossoms were still blooming in the spring breeze, adding to the melancholy mood.

This poem has a legendary story: "Cui Hu... was promoted to Jinshi. On the Qingming Day, he traveled alone to the south of the capital and was able to live in a village with an acre of palace, surrounded by flowers and trees. , as if no one was there. After holding the door for a long time, a woman peeked out from the door and asked, "Who is it?" He answered with his last name and said, "Walking alone in the spring, thirsty for a drink." The woman came with a glass of water and opened the door. Sitting on the bed, he stood alone leaning on the small peach. He was very thoughtful, charming and charming. Cui used words to pick it up, but it was wrong. He paid attention to it for a long time. Cui resigned and sent it to the door, as if he was overwhelmed with emotion. , Cui Yi returned with longing, and he will never come back again. On the Qingming Day next year, he suddenly thought about it and couldn't control his emotions. He went to look for it. The door and wall were still the same, but they were locked. He wrote a poem on the left door..." (Tang Mengqi's "Poetry of Poem·Emotion").

It is doubtful whether he really has this "ability". Perhaps the poem came first, and then the above-mentioned "skill" was developed based on it. But two things seem certain: first, this poem has a plot; second, the above-mentioned "skills" are helpful for understanding this poem.

The four-line poem contains two scenes that are the same and reflect each other. The first scene: Seeking Spring and Encountering Beauty - "On this day last year, in this door, people's faces and peach blossoms reflected each other's beauty." If we really believe that there is such a thing, we should admit that the poet has indeed captured "Looking for Spring and Encountering Beauty" The most beautiful and touching scene in the whole process. "The peach blossoms on the human face complement each other in red" not only sets a beautiful background for the peach blossom-like "human face", bringing out the girl's radiant face, but also implicitly expresses the poet's gaze and emotion. The scene where both parties are affectionate and unable to communicate through words. This most touching scene can inspire readers to have many beautiful imaginations about what happened before and after. In this regard, Meng Qi's "Poetry of Benshi" may have done exactly this, and later operas (such as "Peach Blossoms") have made more use of it.

The second scene: not found again. It is still the season of brilliant spring and blooming flowers, and the door is still covered with sparse flowers and trees and peach trees. However, the "human face" that adds splendor to all this is nowhere to be found. Only a peach tree in front of the door is still blooming in the spring breeze. Zhong Ningqing smiled. The association of peach blossoms smiling in the spring breeze originally comes from "the peach blossoms on human faces reflect the redness of each other". Last year on this day, the girl who met unexpectedly while standing under the peach blossom must have been staring at her with a smile and tenderness; now, her face is blank, and the peach blossom that is still smiling not only evokes the good memories of the past and the good times that come and go. Besides emotion, what else can there be? The word "still" contains infinite regret.

The whole poem actually uses "human face" and "peach blossom" as running clues. Through the reflection and contrast of "last year" and "today" in the same place and scenery but "different people", the poet's reason for The emotions generated by these two different encounters are expressed in a roundabout and tortuous way. Contrast and reflection play an extremely important role in this poem. Because we are writing about lost beautiful things in our memories, the memories are particularly precious, beautiful, and full of emotions. This is why we have the vivid depiction of "human faces and peach blossoms reflecting each other's red"; it is precisely because of such beautiful memories that we especially feel the loss of beautiful things. The melancholy of things leads to the feeling of "I don't know where the human face is, but the peach blossoms still smile in the spring breeze."

Although this poem has a certain plot, legendary "skill", and even drama, it is not a short narrative poem, but a lyric poem. "Skills" may help it spread widely, but its typical significance lies in describing a certain life experience rather than telling a story that people are interested in. Readers may not have had encounter stories similar to those contained in "Poems of Benshi", but they may have had this kind of life experience: encountering something beautiful by chance or inadvertently, but when they pursue it intentionally, Never again. This may be one of the reasons why this poem maintains its enduring artistic vitality.

Picking hibiscus across the river

(Anonymous)

Picking hibiscus across the river, there are many fragrant grasses in the orchids.

Who do you want to leave behind? Thoughts are far away.

I still look back at my old hometown, the long road is long and vast.

We live apart with the same heart, and we end up worrying!

There are many touching lyric poems, and I always feel that they are extremely simple when I first read them. After chanting it again and again, I discovered that this "simplicity" is actually contained in a rather subtle euphemism.

"Plucking Hibiscus across the River" falls into this category. At first glance, it seems that no further explanation is needed to understand its purpose. It expresses the homesickness of a wanderer in a distant place. In the poem, "I still look back at my old hometown, the road is so long and vast", doesn't it express the wanderer's longing for the "old hometown" and the difficulty of returning home in an extremely sad way? So, the person who "wades into the river to collect hibiscus" at the beginning of the chapter must be a wanderer away from home. However, the wanderer's request for an official position in the capital was in the Luoyang area, so how could he go to the "river" in the south to pick hibiscus? Moreover, according to the homophonic puns commonly used in Jiangnan folk songs, "hibiscus" (lotus) often refers to the "husband's appearance" in secret. It is clearly a woman's tone of longing for her husband, so how can we just refer to her as a "wanderer"

p>

”? Even the identity of the protagonist is in between, which shows that this poem is not simple. We might as well start with the female tone to appreciate its beauty.

The turn of summer and autumn is the beautiful season when lotus flowers are in full bloom. In the beautiful wind and sunshine, we can take a small boat and travel through the lake where "lotus leaves are everywhere" and "lotus flowers are more than human heads", and we start the annual lotus picking activity, but Jiangnan< /p>

A peasant girl’s joy! On the occasion of lotus picking, picking a few lovely red lotus flowers and returning them to their sweethearts is hardly an expression of the sincere affection of wives and girls. What's more, there are countless orchids and cypresses on the banks of the lake. Won't they be even more intoxicating when they are picked up in the sleeves and inserted into the hairline, and the fragrance is astonishing? ——This is the picturesque scene displayed by the two sentences "When you go across the river to pick hibiscus, there are many fragrant grasses in the orchids". If you listen carefully, you may be able to hear bursts of joking and laughter coming from the lake and "Lanze"!

But this beautiful and joyful scene was instantly changed by the sighs that filled the lines of poetry. The camera pans quickly

and you realize that the sigh comes from a woman with her head erect. Different from the laughter and banter of many girls, she was silent and silent as she stared at the hibiscus in her hand. At this moment, "Fu Rong" had a friendly and smiling face in her eyes - he was the husband that this woman missed so hard.

"Who do you want to leave behind? My thoughts are far away!" The long sigh

pointed out the source of all the woman's worries: when the girls competed to pick lotus flowers, they claimed that they wanted the best hydrogen.

When she gives a flower to her "sweetheart", the husband the heroine misses is far away in the world! She picked the beautiful "hibiscus" in vain. Who can she give it to now? People always think that if you want to express the loneliness and desolation of a character, it is best to place him or her alone in the autumn, because that can best highlight the character's desolate mood. But have you ever thought that

sometimes placing characters on a beautiful and joyful lotus-picking background to express the heroine’s sadness of missing her husband alone is exactly what

can be set off with "music" The strong effect of "sorrow".

The space in the next two sentences suddenly changes, and what appears on the screen seems to be no longer the heroine holding flowers and meditating, but the husband who is "far away": " "I still look forward to returning home, it's a long road." As if inspired by her heart, just when the heroine was thinking about her husband alone, her faraway husband was also filled with infinite sorrow. Looking back

at my wife’s hometown. Did he see the mountains and rivers of his hometown and his wife picking lotuses in the lake on the other side of the river?

Apparently not. What was displayed in front of his eyes at this moment was nothing more than the "long road" that stretched to the end of AD, and the vast smoke and clouds that blocked the mountains and rivers! Many readers think that these two sentences are about the reality of looking forward to the "old hometown", which leads to the illusion that the protagonist of the poem is a wanderer who has left his hometown. In fact, the "perspective" of these two sentences is Still in the south of the Yangtze River, it still expresses the painful thoughts of the lotus-picking woman. However, in terms of writing, it adopts the method of "guessing the meaning from the opposite side, and also looking forward to the words". > The "suspense" method of "looking at the countryside and sighing at the long distance" (Zhang Yugu's "Appreciation of Ancient Poems") creates a wonderful virtual state of "poems flying from the opposite direction

".

< p> This way of expression of "guessing the other's meaning from the opposite side" is similar to the owners of "Juan Er" and "Zhi'an" in "The Book of Songs"

In the suspense, the husband appears in the suspense of riding a mountain to visit his hometown. , the fantasy of parents calling for their son in the clouds, has the same story.

The wonderful workmanship - therefore, the realm in the poem should not be the transformation of space and the disappearance of the heroine, but the scene of the picture< /p>

Separation and simultaneous appearance: On one side is the painful wife, holding a hibiscus in her hands and looking up into the sky. Behind her are dense lotus leaves and red lotus flowers, lining her fluttering clothes. The skirt made her look lonely and desolate; on one side was the distant sky with misty clouds,

The figure of her husband, who was vaguely swaying and looking back at her husband, that flash of hidden face, was so sad. ! Between the two, there are stacked mountains and mighty rivers. Both sides look at each other blankly, and of course no one can see the other in this silence. , a sad sigh sounded in the sky and the earth: "We are separated with the same heart, and we will die in sorrow"

This sigh undoubtedly comes from the heroine's heart, but because it is in suspense on the "opposite side" What you feel is not a sound: it seems to come from thousands of miles apart from the north and the south, and is the painful sigh of a couple who are separated from each other

Ming! This is the meaning conveyed by the conclusion of the poem. When you read this conclusion, do you feel that although the feeling of thinking about nothingness expressed in this poem is so "simple"? Due to the adoption of such a graceful expression

, it is like the twists and turns of a mountain spring, and finally merges into the Feiling Mountain Rocksmith Falls, shaking the heart-shaking giant

Sound?

As mentioned above, the protagonist of this poem should be a woman. What the whole poem expresses is the deep sorrow of the wife in her hometown

But. It would be wrong to identify the author of this poem as this woman. Mr. Ma Maoyuan said it well: "Literati poems are different from folk songs, and the poems about missing a wife are also based on the virtuality of travel. "Therefore, "Shejiang Collecting Lotus" is still a work about the wanderer's homesickness in the end, but when expressing the wanderer's depression and sadness, it uses the "songfu tune

" "Virtual" method: "In the guest's sorrow of poverty and downfall, through one's own feelings, one imagines the separation of the family

, thus expressing the same nature of depression from two different angles" (Ma Maoyuan's " "On "Nineteen Ancient Poems"

). From this point of view, "Shedding River Plucking Hibiscus" not only virtualizes the "thinking" of the whole poem in order to express the wanderer's homesickness.

The word "wife" is used in the virtual world to "suspense" the scene of a wanderer "looking back at his hometown".

This kind of poetic expression is not just a "melody" , It’s simply fantastic!

(Pan Xiaolong) What does the poem "Shepherd Boy" describe? 1. The original text "Shepherd Boy/Let the Shepherd Boy Answer the Bell"

Tang Dynasty: Lu Yan

The grass spreads across the field for six or seven miles, and the flute plays three or four times in the evening breeze.

After returning home after a full meal, he does not take off his raincoat. The moon is bright.

2. Definition

The vast grassland is like being spread on the ground, with grassland everywhere. In the evening breeze, the intermittent and melodious flute sound of the shepherd boy could be faintly heard.

The shepherd boy returns from grazing at sunset after having a full dinner. He didn't even take off his raincoat, just lying on the grass and looking at the full moon in the sky.

3. Appreciation

The poem "Shepherd Boy" not only makes readers feel the peace and tranquility of life of "working at sunrise and resting at sunset"; The mind of the shepherd boy is unfettered and naturally relaxed. The poem reflects the poet's pursuit of the inner world and his yearning for a peaceful and peaceful life away from the hustle and bustle. The poem expresses the leisure and comfort of the shepherd boy's life. This poem tactfully persuades Zhong Fu to leave the officialdom of intrigues and competition for profit as soon as possible, return to the countryside, and live a life like a shepherd boy without desires or desires. In this poem, the shepherd boy appears as the incarnation of a wise man to guide Zhong Fu who is lost in his official career, but he may not really be a shepherd boy. The language of this poem is simple and fresh, as clear as words, showing a kind of exquisite kung fu that "starts from work to detail, leaving no trace". What does the poem "Cao" describe?

Cao Tang, Bai Juyi

Li Liyuan grows grass, withering and growing every year. Wildfires never burn out, but spring breezes blow them again.

The distant fragrance invades the ancient road, and the clear green meets the deserted city. Send off the king and grandson again, full of farewell love

Appreciation:

Spring returns to the earth, and on the ancient plains where the grass is blooming, I say goodbye to you. Seeing the blooming grass, New Year’s Eve Year after year, it will become green again when it is withered, wildfires will appear again, and life will be reincarnated with every inch of the spring breeze. Dear friend, when will you come back? The distant ancient road is filled with the warm fragrance of grass, and under the bright sunshine, there is a green wilderness. At such a moment, watching you go away, my heart is full of parting feelings. The use of cursive to write about separation is clever and appropriate, which reminds people of the chant of "the kings and grandsons have traveled far away and never come back, and the fragrant grass grows luxuriantly", and also reminds people of the cries of "separation and hatred are like spring grass, deeper and farther, and still alive".

This is a poem that chants things, and can also be read as an allegorical poem. Some people think it is a mockery of villains. From the perspective of the whole poem, although the original grass refers to something, the metaphorical meaning is not definite. "Wildfire never burns out, but the spring breeze blows and grows again," but it is well-known as a kind of "resilience" and has become a swan song passed down through the ages.

The most important thing about this poem is the lushness of "grass" in the interpretation. The charm of this poem lies in showing the strong emotions with the image of grass, infinitely magnifying personal emotions, making people Realize materialization and integrate with heaven, earth and emotions, seamlessly. How old was Li Bai when he wrote "Cao"? What was the original title of this poem?

No, it should be Bai Juyi who wrote "Grass", whose original name was "Farewell to the Ancient Yuancao". The author was under 16 years old at the time of writing. Praise for the tenacious vitality of grass.

An ancient poem describing autumn. The title of this poem is " ", and the author is

1. The desert turns dark in autumn

[Tang Dynasty] Du Fu's "Song of Thatched Cottage Broken by the Autumn Wind"< /p>

2. Water-soaked autumn wind and wrinkled waves

[Song Dynasty] Ouyang Xiu's "Die Lian Hua·Water-soaked autumn wind and wrinkled waves"

3. Wheat autumn atmosphere

p>

[Song Dynasty] Zhang Yuanqian's "Shui Tiao Ge Tou·The Rain Breaks and Turns the Waves"

4. People are in the middle of autumn

[Song Dynasty] Xiang Ziyi's "Dianjiang" Lip·No Heat Chinan"

5. Calmly Counting Autumn

[Qing Dynasty] Nalan Xingde's "Picking Mulberries·Tongxia Jiujue Feiqiong Zi"

< p> 6. It is the autumn atmosphere at dusk

[Song Dynasty] Liu Yong's "Bu Suanzi·Jiang Feng Grows Old"

7. The autumn atmosphere is just right

[Song Dynasty] Zhu Dunru "Niannujiao·Suqiu Qi"

8. Looking up at the autumn colors

[Song Dynasty] Song Taizong's "Yuanzhi"

9. Autumn is as beautiful as the distant water< /p>

[Song Dynasty] Shi Zhengjue's "Zen Man Bing Hua Zhu *** Asking for Praise"

10. Mai Qiu is timid and undressed

[Song Dynasty] Zhao Changqing " Huanxi Sand"

11. Erqi Su Autumn

[] Yao Shuyao 2 "Shui Tiao Ge Tou·San Wu Semi-circular Night"

12. Late Autumn

p>

[Song Dynasty] Ge Changgeng's "Congratulations to the Bridegroom·Reminiscing about Yangming Cave"

13. Mid-autumn atmosphere

[Song Dynasty] Huang Renjie's "The River is Red·The Old Fire Flows West" 》

14. An owl flies thousands of miles in autumn

[Song Dynasty] Shi Weiyi's "One Hundred and Thirty-Six Stanzas"

15. The autumn air of wheat is refreshing< /p>

[Song Dynasty] Zeng Xie's "Shui Tiao Ge Tou·Ri Yong Xiang Huai Xia"

16. Osprey in Autumn

[Song Dynasty] Zhou Bida's "Chao Zhongcuo·The moon eyebrows are newly painted with round dewdrops"

17. Autumn has not yet dawned

[Tang Dynasty] Bai Juyi's "Night Rain"

18. Mu Buyu Falling in Autumn

[Tang] Li Bai's "Sunrise and Entry"

19. Autumn is Far Away on the Qingfeng River

[Tang] Gao Shi's "Send Off to Li Shaofu" "The King's Shaofu was demoted to Changsha"

20. Note that Dangui is good at autumn

[Song Dynasty] Wu Zhen's "Poppy Beauty: A Night of Golden Wind on the Silver Screen"

< p> 21. Autumn is like water and the moon is like frost

[Song Dynasty] Song Bai's "Gong Ci"

22. Autumn atmosphere of wheat

[Song Dynasty] Shi Xiaoyou's "Nian Nujiao" ·The autumn atmosphere of wheat"

23. The outline of autumn

[Song Dynasty] Shi Daoning's "Sixty-Nine Stanzas"

24. The longevity star shines in autumn

p>

[Song Dynasty] Zhao Wen "Linjiang Immortal·Two Days Before the Chrysanthemums"

25. The Qiuqiu Qi

[Song Dynasty] Zhang Xiaoxiang "Magpie Bridge Immortal·Huang Under the Mausoleum and Temple"

26. The changes in wheat autumn

[Song Dynasty] Lu You's "Small Garden" 3 search results of Lu You have been collapsed

27 , Shuojia shakes the autumn moon

[Song Dynasty] Shi Zonggao's "One Hundred and Sixty Stanzas"

28. Jinqi Nine Autumn

[Song Dynasty] ] Li Pleiying "Shui Tiao Ge Tou·Standing to the Public Assistant"

29. Duzhan Jiuqiu

[Song Dynasty] Wan Qiyong "Sudden Mountain Stream·Fragrant Leaf Bottom"

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30. The autumn water swallows up the empty colors of autumn

[Song Dynasty] Shi Daguan's "Fifty-One Stanzas"

31. Climb high and look at the autumn sky

[Song Dynasty] Xu Fu's "Treading on the Shasha·Sujingjianglan"

32. The clouds are moving and the wind is quiet in early autumn

[Tang Dynasty] He Ning's "Hundred Palace Ci Poems" 》

33. The weather is good in late autumn

[Yuan Dynasty] Wang Mian's "Manxing Fourteen"

34. The sun hangs in autumn

[Tang Dynasty] Shi Jianwu's "Waterfall"

35. Wanli Autumn Northwest Wind

[Song Dynasty] Shi Rugong's "Thirty-six Poems"

36. Cleansing the Heart Like Autumn

[Song Dynasty] Huang Tingjian's "Tingjian Deyi Taihe Sixth Uncle went out to Tong'an according to the festival and met at the mouth of Wangong Xikou"

37. Happy Autumn

[Song Dynasty] Yan Shu's "Fu Nishang·Enjoy Autumn"

38. Autumn Qi of Wheat

[Yuan Dynasty] Liu Minzhong's "Man Jiang Red Disease Presents Friends"

39. An autumn full of evil spirits

[Song Dynasty] Mao Bing's "Visiting Kinmen·Shang Lisuo"

40. Wan Lai Jing Autumn

[Song Dynasty] ] Zhang Yuniang's "The First Dongpo Rhyme of Shui Tiao Song"