Thank you for an 800-word composition on climate.
2065 438+00. 2. 25 At present, the drought in southwest areas such as Yunnan and Guangxi is still developing, and the drought is very severe. Among them, a rare drought occurred in Yunnan Province.
After the autumn of last year, severe droughts occurred in southwest, south China and parts of south China, especially in Yunnan, once in 60 years. Up to now, the drought has spread to Yunnan, Guizhou, Sichuan and other provinces 15, and some provinces have also experienced severe drought, affecting millions of people. By the 23rd, more than 6.5438+0.5 million people in Guizhou Province had temporary drinking water difficulties. Guizhou Province started the Class IV emergency response to drought disaster on the 23rd.
On March 30th, the persistent drought in Guizhou was spreading and intensifying. At present, nearly 70% of the 1.79 million reservoirs in the province have fallen to the dead water level, and the drought situation is grim. As of March 28th, there were174,300 people affected by the disaster in Guizhou province, and107,400 people and 44,654,380+million large livestock's drinking water were affected to varying degrees.
Four villagers in Hekou Town, Yunnan Province only need 1 glass of water to wash their faces.
An Jianlan is a very picky person. It is almost a habit for him to take a bath once a week.
Two years ago, she installed a solar water heater at home, which is one of the few in the village.
In Dalian Di Natural Village, which is more than 0/900 meters above sea level, there are not many exquisite people like her. Many people just use hot water to wipe their bodies, and the older generation can't take a few baths for a lifetime.
From last August to now, An Jianlan's habit of taking a bath has returned to the same starting line as everyone else. Because there is not a drop of water in the solar energy reservoir on the roof.
On the afternoon of March 27th, her husband Chen Shichang called and said that a reporter had come to live at home. An Jianlan specially added three dishes: scrambled eggs, fried bacon and a bowl of boiled vegetables. Usually there are only two dishes at home, fried potatoes and pickled beans. The staple food, rice.
I scooped half a spoonful of water, washed the vegetables and put them in a basin. Wash dishes with precipitated vegetable washing water after meals, and then rinse with half a spoonful of water. An Jianlan picked up the bowl and controlled a few drops of water in it.
After dinner, she made several cups of tea, watched TV and drank tea. She drank a pot of boiling water. Usually a pot of boiling water is enough for her and her husband to drink for more than a day.
It was Saturday, and two children who had been boarding at school came home, and another reporter came.
Before going to bed, my daughter Chen Xiaoyan and my son poured some hot water-about a toothbrush cup-to wash their feet. Even if there is only a little water, Chen Xiaoyan is very careful, trying to keep the range of motion small to avoid overflowing.
The river washed away his feet, and like muddy soil, Chen Xiaoyan still fell into the bucket to drink cattle.
An Jianlan and her husband didn't wash their feet. The reporter asked her, "How often do you wash your feet?" An Jianlan smiled and didn't answer.
It is a luxury for children to wash their feet, but she doesn't stop it. Since primary school, teachers have instilled in children that they must wash their feet before going to bed every day.
An Jianlan feels quite good, a bit like the life of city people on TV.
On the morning of the 28th, a family of four who got up took turns washing their faces, just like washing their feet at night-less than a brush and a glass of water. Strictly speaking, this is not washing your face, just wiping your face and neck with a wet towel.
When there is water, family is not so simple. At least half a basin of water can be washed clean.
Four people can't use a pot of water. After the drought, the red soil flew and the face was covered with a thick layer of ash.
At breakfast, on the dining table, a fixed dish-bean sauerkraut-is made of beans, sauerkraut and water. When eating, everyone will have some rice and eat and drink in dribs and drabs.
The local people's food is relatively fixed, 10 in the morning and 18 in the afternoon, and they have no habit of eating soup.
Replenishing water means boiling beans and sauerkraut and two cups of tea after meals, and not drinking water for a day.
On this day, An Jianlan didn't feed two cows and five piglets at home. In the past, animals were fed water twice a day, but now it is once every two days. On this day, An Jianlan overspent on water. He can use water for two days and spend one day.
On the afternoon of 28th, 24 hours later, the reporter returned to Hekou Town Government, washed his face on the water pipe and wiped his face with 10 wet towel. 10 The wet wipes were still dirty and earthy red. He remembered the face washing water in the toothbrush cup. ...
Yunnan villagers wear clothes three times before washing them.
Go deep into the worst drought area in Yunnan, hit the hinterland of the drought directly, and understand the real living conditions of the people.
Yanshan county is one of the places with the worst drought in Yunnan. Vice Premier Hui Liangyu personally visited. The whole village of Wengda Village, the county seat, depends on a river that passes through the village, and there is a large artificial water cellar by the river. But when Huang Pei arrived at Onda village, the whole river dried up and the water cellar dried up. In the village of Onda in front of Huang Pei, all the crops have withered, and there is nothing left. Onions are all dry, and there is no food. Looking around, there is almost no green.
After Vice Premier Hui Liangyu's inspection, people's basic domestic water was basically guaranteed. The village is far from the expressway, and it takes half an hour to drive. Now the drinking water in the village is supplied by pulling water in batches. However, Huang Pei said that the quality of drinking water is not good, and the water is not very clear and a little yellow with the naked eye.
Huang Pei was deeply impressed by a grandmother who washed clothes. The old man washed thirty or forty clothes at once. The old man said, "Wash clothes when they are dirty, which wastes water. The whole family keeps it. Wear each dress three times, dry it when it is dirty, wear it again, and dry it again. " Huang Pei saw that people in the village hardly eat vegetables now, and the vegetables they grow have never been harvested. Vegetables in other places are too expensive to be transported to the village. Now they can only eat pickles and fermented bean curd every day.
On the day Huang Pei left, it rained very little in the village, and the land was hardly wet. But the village chief told her that it had never rained like this since last August.
Take the water 15 miles away.
On March 24th, 2065438+00, villager Li, on the path from Liudu Village, Anle Town, Mouding County, Yunnan Province, drove the animals to Ertaipo, Dawan Mountain, which is 15 miles away. They walked back and forth for more than four hours and had to climb four hills.
The sandstorm this spring.
20 10 on March 29th, Beijing was hit by the strongest sandstorm since the beginning of spring. According to the news released by the Desertification Monitoring Center of the State Forestry Administration on the evening of March 28th,
From 26th to 28th, the dusty weather in northern China affected 304 counties and cities in 1 1 provinces. According to the introduction of China National Environmental Monitoring Center, the sandstorm weather all over the country is mainly regional sand blowing and sandstorm. Among the 47 key cities, only Beijing is seriously polluted.
Dust weather swept across the north.
According to the news released by the Desertification Monitoring Center of the State Forestry Administration on the evening of March 28th, the dust weather in northern China affected 1 1 304 counties and cities in the province and 6 key cities from 26th to 28th.
According to the comprehensive evaluation of satellite cloud images and ground monitoring information, this dusty weather originated in the west of Alashan Plateau in China, with an affected area of about 6.5438+0.2 million square kilometers, affected population of about 70 million people, affected cultivated land area of 6.4 million hectares, garden area of 6.5438+0.3 million hectares and grassland area of 65 million hectares.
Why do sandstorms occur frequently?
There were eight sandstorms in China in 1960s, three in 1970s 14 in 1980s14, and more than 20 in 1990s, and their spread became wider and wider, resulting in heavier losses. 2 1 century, sandstorms are still "severe".
Experts believe that the main reasons are unreasonable land development and unreasonable farming. With the increase of population and inadequate management, a large amount of land in northwest and north China has been reclaimed, grasslands have been overgrazed, and natural vegetation has been destroyed artificially, resulting in a large number of bare and loose land, which provides a large number of dust sources for the occurrence of sandstorms. Once a strong wind occurs, it will affect society and endanger people's health.
The unreasonable utilization of land resources in northwest and north China is difficult to be fundamentally reversed in a short time, the degradation and reduction of grassland resources are difficult to change, and the contradiction of water shortage is becoming more and more serious. These factors will lead to sandstorms will continue to be active in the future.
Sandstorm sounded the ecological alarm.
The desertified land in China is 2.674 million square kilometers, accounting for 27.9% of the total land area. Among them, wind erosion and desertification are 6.5438+0.873 million square kilometers; Soil salinization is 6.5438+0.73 million square kilometers; Freeze-thaw desertification is 363,000 square kilometers.
Desertification land is mainly distributed in 18 provinces and 47 1 county (flag). Among them, Xinjiang, Inner Mongolia, Tibet, Qinghai, Gansu, Ningxia, Shaanxi, Shanxi and Hebei account for 99% of the total desertified land area.
Immigration, development, land reclamation and excessive water absorption have dried up rivers that have flowed for thousands of years in water-deficient areas. In order to pursue the high profits of cashmere, a large number of goats are raised, but the grass that has grown for many years can be uprooted. When the grass was finished, they went to a few small trees to find food for Long Mao. The power of nature is terrible, but what is even more terrible is man-made destruction.
Correct understanding of sandstorm prevention and control
There is a misunderstanding in sandstorm control in China, which holds that defending against sandstorm is desert control. It is considered that sandstorm is a harm to human beings caused by sand grains in the desert, but it is not recognized that the main harmful components of sandstorm are fine particles with a diameter less than 100 micron, which mainly come from farmland and degraded grassland. Second, it is considered that sand control is afforestation. The construction of the National Three-North Shelterbelt and the sand control projects around Beijing, Tianjin and Hebei all attach importance to afforestation.
Two misunderstandings lead to the prevention of sandstorms. Forest belts are just a measure to prevent sandstorms, that is, to set up a wind barrier. The most important measure to prevent sandstorm is ground covering. The main sandstorm areas are mostly in arid and semi-arid areas, not forest areas, and the afforestation effect is generally not good: the survival rate of trees is low and their growth is poor, and most of them are "small old trees". This shows that although we want economic development, we can't sacrifice the environment.