The seventh grade Chinese second volume teaching courseware: from Baicaoyuan to San Tan Yin Yue.
First, the teaching objectives:
(1) Knowledge and ability: 1. Try to figure out and understand the wonderful language of the article. 2. Learn the method of scenery description.
(2) Process and method: 1. Read the text with emotion and understand the content of the text.
(3) Emotion, attitude and values: 1. Cultivate the childlike innocence of loving nature and pursuing fresh knowledge.
Second, the difficulties in teaching:
1, key points: ① Scenery description of White Grass Garden. ② Emotional color of narration.
2. Difficulties: ① Structural characteristics and transition of two-phase contrast.
(2) Understanding of the content and writing of "Three Tans Printing the Moon".
Third, the analysis of learning situation:
The students in the two classes have poor basic knowledge of Chinese, which is mainly manifested in the following aspects: three-quarters of the students in the class have poor knowledge of pinyin, half of them have poor reading comprehension ability, and they can't explore the deep meaning of the text by themselves, while the students in the class have poor oral expression ability and writing level.
Teaching hours: 2 hours.
Verb (abbreviation of verb) teaching process;
Lesson 65438
First, three minutes before class.
Second, the introduction of new courses.
There is a song that goes like this, "A little boy has no worries, but with the passage of time, his worries have increased ..." This is growth, with joy and sorrow, longing and a little worry. In this unit, we will invite some great writers to tell us the story of growing up. Today, Lu Xun, a master of literature, walked into our classroom. The story he brought was called "From Herb Garden to San Tan Yin Yue".
Third, introduce the author and writing background (can be introduced by students)
Lu Xun (1881September 25th-19361019), a native of Shaoxing, Zhejiang, was born in Yucai. Zhou, formerly known as Zhou Zhangshou, was changed to 1898. He is famous for his pen name Lu Xun. He is a famous writer, thinker and revolutionary in China. Masterpieces: Scream, Wandering, New Story, Diary of a Madman, Flowers in the Morning. The articles I have studied include kites.
The reminiscence essay "From Herb Garden to San Tan Yin Yue" was written in September 1926. After the "March 18th" tragedy, Lu Xun was included in the list of 50 wanted criminals in Beijing's cultural and educational circles by the reactionary authorities. It is difficult for Lu Xun to openly fight against the reactionary forces, and he was forced to leave Beijing at the invitation of Xiamen University in 1926. Lu Xun came to Xiamen University in the summer vacation, and the students haven't started school yet. Lu Xun recalled his childhood and wrote this article. The topic is "From,,, to,,,"
These two prepositions indicate the range of places where the author recalls his childhood life.
"Morning Flowers and Evening Picking Up" is a collection of essays in one step. * * * collected ten articles, most of which are the author's childhood and adolescence memories. When writing these articles, Mr. Lu Xun was over 40 years old. The title of this collection of essays is "Flowers in the Morning and Picking Up in the Evening", which means that flowers in the morning are not picked until the evening.
Fourth, orthography
It is proved that the bamboo screen shāi in the vegetable garden of záo is far-reaching yuān bó boiling dǐng Fei tin foil bó brain nǐ o su ǐ armored kuī jiǎ ǐ cicada tip chán tuì.
Niigata Valley gǔ Shen Foil X and B ǔ ǔ ǔ ǔ ǔ ǔ ǔ ǔ ǔ ǔ ǔ ǔ ǔ ǔ ǔ ǔ ǔ ǔ ǔ ǔ
Oil flies to líng, spot *máo, bypasses chán, saves cuán, coral shān hú lies on a high pillow, clears Hu not, gathers Li ǐ n, makes the brain suǐ, is unfamiliar with mi ǐ, appreciates Ji ǐ n, and is lonely to h ǐ n, forages for mi, bamboo screen shāi and valley bǐ.
Loud: describe loud. Boiling means that the water in the pot boils and makes a noise.
Read the text quickly and answer:
First, find out the first and last sentences and the middle transition paragraphs of "Hundred Herbs Garden" and "San Tan Yin Yue" respectively.
(From the beginning, "There is a big garden behind my house" to the middle, "It's too late to wait for it to go to the middle" is the part of writing about the Herb Garden; From "Going East" to "This thing is long gone" at the end of the article is the part of writing three pools reflecting the moon; "I don't know why my family sent me to the library" is a transition between the two parts. (1-8) Narrating White Grass Garden is my childhood paradise. 2. (9-24) Narrating the boring reading life of "I" in the three pools reflecting the moon)
Sixth, close the book and quickly recall the content of the text.
Question: 1. What comes to your mind first?
2. What places are mentioned in the text?
3. What is the significance of Baicaoyuan to the author?
Blackboard writing: heaven
Summary: Please read the text after class.
8. Homework: Copy new words.
second kind
Introduction: The teaching focus of this class is: the description of the scenery of Baicaoyuan, a lot of fun, and the feelings of being reluctant to part with Baicaoyuan.
Second, discussion and appreciation.
1. Introduce a new lesson from the teaching content of the last lesson.
Question: How does the author feel about the life of Baicao Garden and San Tan Yin Yue?
(Students answer, the teacher summarizes)
Clear: The author thinks that the Herb Garden is fun; Life in Samadhi Bookstore is very boring.
2. Guide students to analyze the text.
(1) Let the students read paragraph 1 of the text and guide the students to analyze.
① Question: What does paragraph 1 of the text say to Baicaoyuan? What role does this play in the text?
Clear: Write that the Herb Garden used to be my paradise, and point out the reasons for remembering it.
② Understanding: "It seems that there are only some weeds"?
This sentence is formal, and it is to look at the Herb Garden from the perspective of adults. "There must be only one", and it is concluded that there is nothing moving about the Herbal Garden; "Seems" is the hesitation and hesitation of the above conclusion. On the one hand, it shows whether some landscapes can be clearly remembered because of the "flow of time" and dare not jump to conclusions; On the other hand, it is also for the following "threading the needle"-"but that was my paradise at that time."
Paragraph 1 of the text is the first layer of the first part of the full text. It is written that the Herbal Garden is my childhood paradise, which causes the following memories to describe the Herbal Garden.
(2) Let the students read the second paragraph and guide the students to analyze.
① Question: How many kinds of animals and plants did the author write in the Herbal Garden? What are they?
Clear: Write fourteen kinds of animals and plants, namely: Gleditsia sinensis, Mulberry, Cauliflower, Polygonum Multiflori Radix, Manglietia, Ruby Fruit, Grass, Cicada, Wasp, Tian Zi, Youbang, Cricket, Scolopendra and Mylabris *.
② Question: What scenery did the author write in Baicao Garden?
Qing: Lai Qi, Shi Jinglan.
③ Question: What words did the author use to make these scenery, animals and plants more vivid?
What about beauty? Why did the author write these scenes so concretely, vividly and truly? Why is the Herbal Garden "Me"
Paradise at that time "
Clear: The Herb Garden, which is not respected by adults, has so many interesting things for curious children to watch, play and explore the mysteries of nature. This is of course my paradise. The plants, insects and birds here have attracted Mr. Lu Xun as a child to observe and ponder, which aroused his curiosity and thirst for knowledge. Today, these scenes are still vivid in front of Mr. Lu Xun. Mr. Lu Xun described them in emotional language, which showed the interest of children's life and aroused the emotional voice of readers.
④ Question: How does the author describe the beauty of Baicao Garden?
Clarity: Mr. Lu Xun described the beauty of the white grass garden with rich language and vivid words. Green vegetable bed purple mulberry chess, written in spring; Cicadas sing, fat wasps crouch on cauliflower, writing summer; Wandering spirits whisper here, crickets play the piano and write autumn here.
In this way, I wrote about the spring, summer and winter of the Herbal Garden, and I also wrote about so many lifelike animals and plants, which are intertwined and orderly, depicting the beauty of the Herbal Garden.
⑤ Question: What other rhetorical methods are used in this paragraph to describe the things in the Herbal Garden? What does it mean?
Clear: This passage also uses the rhetorical devices of "metaphor" and "personification".
Metaphorical sentence: "Manglietia Manglietia has a lotus-like fruit", which shows the morphological characteristics of Manglietia Manglietia fruit; "If you are not afraid of thorns, you can also pick raspberries, like small balls made of coral beads", which shows the beauty of raspberries.
The anthropomorphic sentences: "The oil fly sings here" and "The cricket plays the piano here" show the sweetness of these two insects.
⑥ Question: Why can the author write the things in the Herbal Garden so wonderfully?
Clear: The author carefully observed the scenery of Baicao Garden, described it by grasping the characteristics of the scenery, and also devoted his love to Baicao Garden, a children's paradise. That's why the things in Herb Garden are so wonderful.
Abstract: The second paragraph is the second layer of the first part of the article, which describes the scenery of the white grass garden and the interest of the author's childhood life. This passage shows the psychological characteristics of children's curiosity and knowledge and their love for nature everywhere.
Let the students read the second paragraph softly together to deepen their experience and strengthen their memory.
(3) Assign students to read paragraphs 3 to 3 of the text and guide them to analyze.
Q: What role does the third paragraph of the article play in the full text?
Clear: play a transitional (or connecting link) role. From the description of scenery to the narration of legend of Baicaoyuan.
② Question: What is written here?
Clear: The following is the story of the beautiful snake told by the big mother. This story has supernatural color, and the ending is that evil does not suppress right, and the beautiful snake is subdued.
(3) What is the connection between this story and the fact that the Herbal Garden is my paradise?
Clear: First, the story content is in line with children's curiosity and love for adventure. This is also a pleasure of childhood; Secondly, after listening to Chang's mother's story, "Chang Cao" stopped going, which limited the scope of my activities in the herbarium. I really want to get a flying centipede like an old monk. "I often think so when I walk beside the grass in the herbarium", which is also in line with children's psychology of exploring and conquering evil. This casts a mysterious veil on the Herb Garden, and induces children to participate in it and understand it. Thirdly, the rich life content of the Herbal Garden and the legend of the red chain snake have great attraction to the author when he was a child, so the legend adds the factor that the Herbal Garden is my paradise.
(4) Let the students read the seventh and eighth paragraphs of the supervisor and guide them to analyze.
(1) What do these two paragraphs say?
Qingming: catching birds in snowy days is the pleasure of white grass garden in winter.
Ask the students to read the seventh paragraph of the text silently, find out the verbs and write the ways to catch birds, and analyze the expressive force of using these verbs.
Clarity: The author uses a series of verbs such as "sweep, support, disperse, tie, pull, look, pull" to clearly and accurately write the whole process of catching birds, showing children's active personality and love for catching birds.
(3) paragraph 8 wrote a what kind of person? What does this have to do with the Herbal Garden being my paradise?
Clear: Paragraph 8 describes a kind, quiet and experienced farmer-the father who moistens the soil. Between the lines is full of admiration for the wisdom and experience of the working people. On this floor, it doesn't clearly say "Herbal Garden is my paradise", but I enjoy it. The novelty and excitement of catching birds, as well as the admiration for the father of moistening the soil, are all part of the life in the herb garden, making the "paradise" real and concrete.
5] Assign students to read paragraph 9 and guide them to analyze.
(1) What are the contents of the three "maybe it's because ..."? What does this mean?
Clear: These three clauses constitute a set of parallelism sentences, all of which are about some irregular behaviors of Baicaoyuan, so as to infer the reasons for leaving Baicaoyuan. It means that the child feels that being sent to the bookstore is punishment.
(2) what kind of feelings does this paragraph reveal between the lines?
Cheng Ming: This passage expresses Lu Xun's helplessness and reluctance when he bid farewell to the Herbal Garden in his childhood with the style of speculation, doubt and helplessness.
Herbal Garden is my childhood paradise, where I can freely watch the natural scenery. You can hear magical stories here, and you can often be driven by this curiosity, trying to find a "flying centipede" like the old monk in Baicaoyuan; You can also learn the skills of catching birds here; Here, you can also do actions that you must never do under the eyes of adults-destroying the roots of walls, throwing bricks, jumping over railings ... Life here is free, novel, lively and adventurous. How can it not be a children's paradise? How can you not be reluctant to leave?
This is the first part of the text, which shows the author's various pleasures in the Herbal Garden when he was a child.
[6] Arrangement work
(1) Recite the second paragraph of the text.
② Finish Exercise 2 and Exercise 3 after class.
(3) Preview the following text and prepare for the analysis in the next class.
Third, the characteristics of learning to write:
(1) Why is the Herbal Garden my paradise? What's the fun? (Summarize in your own words. )
There are interesting plants and animals in the Herbal Garden, which make up interesting activities. We can do interesting things and listen to interesting stories, so the Herb Garden is my paradise.
([1] interesting animals and plants (2)[2] magical legends (3-6)[3] catching birds in the snow (7-8))
(2) Of all the fun, what impressed you most?
Most students will answer "mud walls and areas, catching birds".
1. Read the second paragraph, underline and analyze the words that can accurately express the characteristics of things, and focus on guiding students how to describe the scenery.
1) It is in line with children's psychology to grasp the characteristics of things.
The "smoothness" in the column of The Book of Songs has been touched for many years, and it is written that the young Lu Xun has touched it curiously many times. "Running straight" describes the cleverness and lightness of birds, and children envy it.
2) Multi-angle scenery, full of sound and taste, complete in spring, summer and autumn.
Sight, hearing, touch and taste; Mulberry, cauliflower in late spring, cicada in midsummer, cricket in autumn, and the map of the four seasons are combined with the following winter, which is very clever.
3) Integrate feelings into the scene, where there are people, showing children's curiosity and love for nature.
4) The scenery is orderly, distinct, coherent and lively.
This paper describes the scenery of Baicao Garden from the whole to the part, from far and near, from high to low, from static to dynamic, from summer to winter. First, write the distant scenery with thick lines, such as vegetable beds, acacia trees and cicadas, and then write the scenery around, at the feet and in front of you, such as spots, Polygonum multiflorum roots and raspberries; Write a static column first, such as The Book of Songs, and then write a dynamic column, such as Tian Zi; Write a vibrant summer first, and then write an interesting winter. "Needless to say ... needless to say ... just ... just" use "just" to highlight the latter.
2. Draw bird-catching verbs and analyze their functions.
-the author's account of bird catching, although only two words *** 100, is very detailed and hierarchical. The first sentence briefly explains the conditions for catching birds in winter. The second sentence focuses on the process of catching birds. Among them, it is also necessary to write down the necessary preparations before catching, create an environment to attract birds, and ensure the possibility of catching incoming birds. Emphasize exposing a piece of land first, and then scattering some chaff. The stick should be short, the bamboo curtain should be big and porous, the rope should be long and people should hold it far. After watching the bird come down, suddenly pull it. Finally, as long as you master the above essentials, bird building is not a problem. The word order of this short narrative is correct and rigorous, and it must not be changed at will. "Sweep, expose, support, disperse, tie, pull, watch, pull and cover" accurately, vividly and truly describes the whole process of bird catching, and also writes the excitement and surprise of bird catching from bird catching activities. I don't order heaven, but I enjoy it. Compared with the description of Runtu's father, we can write that Runtu's father is kind, quiet and experienced in catching birds.
▲ Why did the author write in such detail, and why can he write in such detail?
Because these give the author the deepest impression and feeling, when the author recalls his childhood with emotion, all these are vividly presented in front of him.
Fourth, the teacher summary
"Childhood is a star that flashes occasionally in the night sky. Although not very dazzling, it reveals eternal vitality. "
"Childhood is a kite in mid-air, flying in laughter all day. 、"……
So when Lu Xun grew up day by day, he had to bid farewell to his paradise and go to school. We can imagine a child being escorted and unwilling to go to school. Can he adapt to school life?
The third category
Listen to the sketch first.
Introduction: Last class, we got to know the author, learned the basic knowledge of this article and got to know the text as a whole. In this lesson, we have a deep understanding of the text.
Third, reading experience.
Read my three pools printing the moon quickly.
Herbal Garden is a paradise I beautify with memories, but San Tan Yin Yue is the school where I have lived for seven years.
Blackboard: school
Four. group discussion
The monotonous furnishings, boring life and failed education; It is in sharp contrast with the scene composition in 100 sketches.
1. Check the recitation and dictation of the second paragraph.
2. Take a new lesson.
(1) Please read paragraphs 1 1 and 12 of the text by yourself. When reading, consider:
(1) What's the indication of three pools printing the moon? What does the author feel between the lines?
② What is my impression of Mr. Santan Yinyue?
(Students discuss and answer, teachers guide)
Qing dynasty: the furnishings of the three pools printing the moon are monotonous and dull. My first impression of the moon on the beach is "Black Bamboo Gate", which is a heavy and depressing color, in sharp contrast with the "green" and "purple" of Baicaoyuan. The furnishings in the room are even more monotonous, only plaques and paintings, unlike the vitality in the Herbal Garden. Mr. Lu Xun is very familiar with this place. In a few strokes, the three pools reflect the environment and furnishings of the moon, making readers feel as if they were there.
"I" have great respect for Mr. Shou Jason Wu, the master of San Tan Yin Yue, and call him "a founder, simple and knowledgeable person in our city".
⑵ Read the text from paragraph 12 to the end by students of different roles. (One reads my language, one reads my husband's language, and the other reads the narrative part)
Teacher's tip: For paragraph 19, pay attention to the sentence in quotation marks, which should be like this: "Is benevolence far away?" I want the benevolent, I am the benevolent! ""serve wine, hidden dragon, don't use it. " "Jue soil, down, wrong; Lord Jue, Bao Mao, orange pomelo. "After reading aloud, guide the students to analyze.
(1) Mr. Lu Xun studied in San Tan Yin Yue for seven years when he was a child. In this article, he wrote several aspects of his study and life.
(Students discuss and answer. )
Clarity: I wrote five aspects of my study and life: it is impossible to ask "strange" bugs; Boring study life, learning Chinese characters at noon and attending classes at night; Skipping class and going to the small garden was criticized by Mr. Wang; A scene where teachers and students read aloud together; The unexpected gains in the classroom-there are quite a lot of achievements in painting.
(2) Among these five aspects, what makes the author dislike most?
(Students discuss and answer. )
Summary: The first question is what is "strange". Mr. Wang said "I don't know" and his face was a little angry. "I just know that as a student, I shouldn't ask these things ... (he) is never ignorant ... but he doesn't want to say it." -this is very dissatisfied with suppressing students' thirst for knowledge. It's indecent to enter the three pools and seal the moon, see no evil, and read only sage books. However, the young Lu Xun asked about "strange insects" outside the Bible. In the teacher's eyes, this is simply a heresy, so he didn't answer, and he was angry. The second is the content and form of reading. The teacher shouted. Read! So everyone opened their throats and read for a while. "How boring this book is, it was read under the pressure or order of the teacher." What is the content of reading? Some preach the hypocritical feudal morality of "benevolence" Some make fun of others at a low level; Some propagandize superstitious geomantic omen; Some pieced together words about ancient tax laws; These incomprehensible and useless books can't be read, and no one corrects mistakes, only rote learning. How can we interest students? This is very different from the lively life in the Herbal Garden!
(3) The author wrote three pools to print the moon, and also wrote longevity and longevity. What is the author's attitude towards him? (Students discuss and answer. )
Summary: Lu Xun raised the question of "strange insects", and the old gentleman got angry and answered "I don't know"! The children went to play in the small garden behind the reflection of the moon in Santan. When the old man found them, they just "stared a few times" and said loudly, "Read!" When students make him angry, he has a ruler, but he doesn't use it often; He can make students kneel, but not often. When he was proud of himself, he smiled and raised his head. "Bend back and bend down." All these can be seen that Mr. Shou is kind-hearted and loves reading, and Mr. Lu Xun is respected. However, he unconsciously served the old system and was a faithful executor of the old education system. He doesn't understand the child's psychology, doesn't grasp the child's heart like his older mother, and doesn't answer the child's questions patiently and sincerely like his father. Instead, it ignores the psychological characteristics of the object of education, refuses students' questions and stifles students' thirst for knowledge. These are all wrong teaching attitudes and teaching methods.
Nevertheless, he is a good teacher and he is "friendly" to his students. He doesn't often use rulers and punishment rules, which is kind. He also strictly abides by the feudal education system, not to mention others! Therefore, while respecting, Mr. Lu Xun also gave appropriate criticism and negation, thus denying the life of reflecting the moon in Santan and the old education system. The implication is profound.
(4) Is the education of three pools printing on the moon a success or a failure?
(Students discuss and answer. )
Conclusion: The conclusion is affirmative, and the education of "three pools printing on the moon" is a failure. First of all, students don't like the study life of reflecting the moon in Santan, and then, "There are many achievements in painting before the book is finished"-the author denies the education of reflecting the moon in Santan from his own point of view; And "later, because I needed money, I sold it to a rich classmate whose father opened a tin foil shop;" It is said that I have also become a shopkeeper and will soon be promoted to the land of gentry. "-from the point of view of my classmates, I denied the education of" three pools printing on the moon ".The people it cultivates are just followers of this trend of profit-seeking and defenders of the old system and social foundation. Such criticism is very profound and powerful.
⑤ What are the characteristics of studying and living in the second three pools reflecting the moon? What does it have to do with the interest of Baicaoyuan?
(Student answers)
Summary: The second part shows that the study of reflecting the moon in Santan is dull and boring, which is in sharp contrast with the interest of Baicao Garden.
Guide the students to summarize the central meaning of this article (summary)
Question: What did the author express through the interesting Herb Garden and the boring Samadhi Bookstore?
Heart? (Students discuss and answer. )
Summary: The author compares the free and happy life in Herb Garden with the boring life in San Tan Yin Yue, showing children's love for nature, their love for free and happy life, their pursuit of knowledge, and their dissatisfaction with feudal education that restricts children's physical and mental health development.
1. What do I have in common with myself in the Herbal Garden?
Love life, love nature, pursue knowledge, be naive, be happy, observe life carefully and be curious.
2. What's the difference between "I" at this time and "I" and "I" living in the Herbal Garden?
Life is boring, and learning content is meaningless. Teachers are not allowed to ask extra-curricular knowledge, from fun to hard work, from interesting stories to incomprehensible articles. Attachment to the eldest mother and respect for the teacher.
(1) Underline the words about the environmental description of the mirror moon in three pools and the author's feelings.
-Old, dull and barren, in sharp contrast to the vitality of the Herb Garden.
(2) The comparison between San Tan Yin Yue and Baicaoyuan.
Learning environment: dull (black bamboo door, plaque, painting)
Study life: boring: (positive description) The teaching content is monotonous and difficult to understand, only reading and learning Chinese characters, and the teaching method is rigid and difficult to understand ancient books. Asking questions is forbidden and subject to disciplinary action and punishment.
Fold flowers, find cicadas, act, draw pictures and feed ants.
After bidding farewell to carefree childhood, Lu Xun began to have his own secrets. My own troubles, my own thoughts and opinions, why are there these changes? Can he skip school?
Blackboard: growing up.
What is real growth, or the growth of age? I have gained weight. Combine the text and talk about your own views.
Verb (abbreviation for verb) sense center:
1. Think and discuss the two parts together: What kind of thoughts and feelings does this article show the author? The following three statements can be used for reference.
(1) Use the freedom and happiness of the Herbal Garden to set off the dullness of the three pools reflecting the moon, and expose and criticize the decadent and backward private schools that are divorced from children's reality.
② Comparing the freedom and happiness of the White Grass Garden with the dullness of three pools reflecting the moon, it shows children's psychology of loving nature and enjoying a free and happy life, and at the same time expresses their dissatisfaction with the feudal education that restricts children's physical and mental development.
(3) Through the recollection of Baicao Garden and San Tan Yin Yue, the author's childhood love for nature, pursuit of knowledge, and naive, naive and joyful psychology are shown.
These statements all have some truth, and students should give them proper affirmation no matter which one they agree with. The first argument is based on Lu Xun's criticism of the stale feudal private school education in more than one article, which stifles children's nature. Even in this article, I wrote that life in private schools is boring. The second statement is a revision of the first statement, which is more reasonable than the first statement, and the third statement, which is most accepted by people now, seems to be the most reasonable. )
Sixth, the summary of feelings
After learning this article, what kind of children are Lu Xun's childhood and adolescence in your impression?
Lively, naive, curious, curious, etc. )
In the lesson "Kite" we have learned, and in the photos we have seen of Lu Xun, he is a very serious and even a little inhuman person. So what kind of person is Lu Xun?
7. Homework: Copy new words.
Teaching reflection: When Lu Xun is mentioned, people often think of his seriousness and solemnity, but when we open the window of his childhood, we will find another scenery: innocence in bright spring and childlike interest in tasteless winter; Free play is full of fantasy, and serious study is also full of happiness. Let students walk into Lu Xun's childhood and explore his growth footprint. Change the previous education mode, no longer limit students' thinking, which is manifested in their ideological understanding of the article, and no longer limit students to the scope of anti-feudal education. Students have relatively abundant free space, but they need more time to guide.