What is the allusion to "There is no China after Yashan"?

Allusions:

The Battle of Yashan

The Song-Mongolian (Yuan) War broke out in full force in 1235 AD and continued until the fall of the Song Dynasty in the Battle of Yashan in 1279. In the past half century, it was the longest, most energy-consuming, and most difficult war the Mongols had ever encountered since the rise of power. According to historical records, in February 1279 AD, the remnant army of the Southern Song Dynasty and the Yuan army launched a naval battle that lasted more than 20 days in the Yamen Sea area of ​​​​Xinhui (now part of Jiangmen City). Both sides invested more than 500,000 troops and used warships. More than 2,000 ships, the Song army was eventually annihilated, the warships sank, and 100,000 corpses were found floating on the sea, bringing an end to the Southern Song Dynasty.

Detailed explanation:

This is a widely circulated view of a group of modern nationalists. It is not who first proposed it, everyone agrees with it. It just shows that under the invasion of foreigners (the battle of Yashan in the Southern Song Dynasty when the Mongolian and Yuan Dynasties destroyed it), the Chinese national culture and national self-esteem were completely lost.

After Yashan, there will be no China. This is a highly controversial proposition. For more than 300 years, the Song Dynasty always emphasized culture and suppressed military power. It was repeatedly humiliated by foreign enemies in the military field and was often called the "weak Song Dynasty". But looking at it comprehensively, the Song Dynasty reached the pinnacle of China's feudal society in many aspects such as economy, culture, science and technology, agriculture, industry and commerce, handicrafts, etc. Its achievements exceeded those of the Sui and Tang Dynasties before it and the Ming and Qing Dynasty after that. It was the only one in Chinese history. There was no dynasty that suppressed industry and commerce, and it tried its best to develop foreign trade. Although they continued to pay tribute, the national treasury was still rich in annual revenue. By the end of the Song Dynasty, only a few small-scale peasant uprisings broke out. There should be reasons for this. During the Song Dynasty, the Han civilization led the world, was rich in humanistic spirit, developed science and technology, and also had a spirit of resistance. After the Mongols swept across the Eurasian continent, it supported itself independently for decades. When the Mongolian army occupied northern China, its genocidal methods were extremely vicious. Almost every city has records of massacres. The Mongolian massacre caused a huge population decline in northern China, and the extent was shocking. There were more than 45 million registered people in the north, but after the massacres in various places, the number was less than 7 million, and this number remained until the end of the Yuan Dynasty and even the beginning of the Ming Dynasty. It is not excluded that millions of people fled to the south, and those who died from plague and starvation, then at least 80 or more people were massacred. According to records, when the Song people arrived in the Central Plains, they found that the Central Plains was uninhabited for thousands of miles, with bones everywhere and wells filled with It was full of dead bodies and the water was undrinkable. When the Mongolian army captured Changsha, hundreds of scholars at Yuelu Academy all died heroically in battle. However, more than 300 years later, when Emperor Chongzhen hanged himself in Meishan, he only had one eunuch by his side, let alone a loyal minister like Lu Xiufu... It can be said that China's elite was completely destroyed by the Mongolian Yuan Dynasty. After that, the Han civilization never regained its strength. The development of civil society, the development of a new commercial economy, and the innovation of science and technology were all out of the question. China lost its best development opportunities. Although the Han people successfully restored their country a hundred years later, the succeeding Ming Dynasty was still greatly influenced by the barbarians, reversed the course of history, ignored the value of life, and suppressed commerce and trade. After encountering heavy losses from the northern horse-riding people, the Han people began to become conservative, and their ruling class was more brutal than the rulers of the Song Dynasty. In the following hundreds of years, most Han people became mentally numb and passive in the face of foreign aggression.

Chinese civilization is independent and can be said to be the largest original civilization besides Western Christian civilization. Under the invasion and attack of nomads, in the late Southern Song Dynasty and after the Battle of Yashan, the wholeness perished. During the Mongolian Yuan Dynasty, the accumulation of the development of our civilization was destroyed. It can be said that after Yashan, there is no China.

Another theory:

After the Battle of Yashan in the Southern Song Dynasty, the national self-esteem of China (here mainly refers to the Han people in the Central Plains) was frustrated, the Han government collapsed, and Chinese culture was not passed on

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To be specific:

The Song-Mongolian (Yuan) War broke out in full force in 1235 AD and ended with the fall of the Song Dynasty at the Battle of Yashan in 1279. It lasted for nearly half a century. It was the rise of Mongolian power. The longest, most energy-consuming, and most difficult war we have ever encountered. According to historical records, in February 1279 AD, the remnant army of the Southern Song Dynasty and the Yuan army launched a war in the Yamen Sea area of ​​​​Xinhui (now part of Jiangmen City). A large sea battle lasted for more than 20 days. Both sides invested more than 500,000 troops and used more than 2,000 warships. In the end, the entire Song army was annihilated, the warships sank, and 100,000 corpses were found floating on the sea. This brought an end to the Southern Song Dynasty.

When the country was about to be destroyed by the Mongolian Yuan Dynasty, Lu Xiufu, a minister of the Southern Song Dynasty, threw himself into the sea with his 9-year-old young emperor on his back. He had been fighting hard to revive the Song Dynasty, but now he was unable to do anything. Recovered. "Your Majesty, you are an orthodox descendant of the Song Dynasty. You should make a decisive decision not to insult your bloodline." "I understand, Xiufu, you have not betrayed me and served me from beginning to end. Thank you so much!" the young emperor said quietly. Lu Xiufu said with a smile. Faced with the young emperor's brave attitude, Lu Xiufu had to hold back his tears. "Your Majesty..." Lu Xiufu carried the young emperor on his back and tied them tightly with belts. "The Mongolian army, there will be a battle in the future. One day, the compatriots who inherit our legacy will definitely conquer you!" In this way, Lu Xiufu carried the young emperor on his back and threw himself into the sea. Many loyal ministers followed him, it is said that there were as many as 100,000 people. China in the classical sense also followed. Destruction, the first time that China as a whole fell at the hands of nomads.

For more than 300 years, the Song Dynasty always emphasized culture and suppressed military affairs. It was repeatedly humiliated by foreign enemies in the military and was often called the "weak Song Dynasty" . But looking at it comprehensively, the Song Dynasty reached the pinnacle of China's feudal society in many aspects such as economy, culture, science and technology, agriculture, industry and commerce, handicrafts, etc. Its achievements exceeded those of the Sui and Tang Dynasties before it and the Ming and Qing Dynasty after that. It was the only one in Chinese history. There was no dynasty that suppressed industry and commerce, and it tried its best to develop foreign trade. Although they continued to pay tribute, the national treasury was still rich in annual revenue. By the end of the Song Dynasty, only a few small-scale peasant uprisings broke out. There should be reasons for this. During the Song Dynasty, the Han civilization led the world, was rich in humanistic spirit, developed science and technology, and had a spirit of resistance. After the Mongols swept across the Eurasian continent, it maintained its independence for decades. During this horrific period, a large number of people died in massacres, plagues, and wars. The population of northern China dropped by 80%, and that of southern China dropped by more than 30%. The entire Central Asia almost became a no-man's land and desert. , the advanced irrigation system in the Middle East was completely destroyed. Although the Mongols objectively helped the exchange of Eastern and Western cultures, their cruel and evil deeds without any humanity are rare in the entire history of the world. Compared with the Japanese invasion of China The atrocities were a hundred times worse. At least the Japanese knew how to protect Chinese civilization and cultural relics and would not massacre every city. The behavior of the Mongols at that time was as Genghis Khan himself said: "The greatest pleasure in life is to kill all the enemies, rob them of all their property, watch their relatives cry bitterly, ride their horses, and rape their wives and daughters. ."

The demise of the Southern Song Dynasty was a major turning point in China's history. It was not only the complete demise of the Han regime, but also marked the rapid development of industry and commerce, high technology, agriculture, imperial examinations and family relations during the Southern Song Dynasty. The unified bureaucracy, the beginning of limited imperial power, the advanced political system, etc. were all interrupted. The Yuan Dynasty, ruled by the Mongols with relatively backward civilization, began to implement a closed, conservative, light industrial and commercial system and a more centralized system, and officially named Cheng Zhu Neo-Confucianism was the main content of the imperial examination and the official ideology of the government. Although the Han people successfully restored the country a hundred years later, the Ming Dynasty that succeeded was still greatly influenced by the barbarians, reversed the course of history, ignored the value of life, and suppressed commercial trade. After encountering heavy losses from the northern horse-riding people, the Han people began to become conservative, and their ruling class was more brutal than the rulers of the Song Dynasty. In the following hundreds of years, most Han people became mentally numb and passive in the face of foreign aggression.

Zhu Yuanzhang, the founder of the Ming Dynasty, inherited and strengthened various systems of the Yuan Dynasty, while the restricted cultural ideas, backward social systems and political systems reached their peak in the Qing Dynasty, which was also ruled by a foreign nation, until the Opium War.