An article talks about gout.

Gout is actually uric acid arthritis, which is a metabolic disease caused by purine metabolic disorder.

Its pathogenesis is: long-term metabolic disorder of purine in human body, excessive uric acid production or uric acid is too high in blood caused by uric acid can not be excreted, and urate crystals are deposited in bone joints, kidneys and other related parts, resulting in chronic repeated acute attacks of inflammatory diseases.

However, gouty arthritis does not always occur with high uric acid. Arthritis only happens when joint strain is caused by improper exercise or overwork, especially when the temperature is low or the local tissue is acidic due to the increase of lactic acid.

Uric acid deposition has a certain rule, which often occurs in the parts and drainage tubes with poor circulation due to strain, such as the big toe joint, ankle joint, knee joint, auricle and kidney. Uric acid salt deposition in joints causes inflammatory reaction, thus inducing gout attack.

What is the origin of the name gout?

The origin of the name gout has two versions. A description of pain, even the wind blowing through the affected area is unbearable.

Another way of saying it is that the disease comes and goes like the wind, accompanied by severe pain. In a week or so, it will be fine naturally.

But if you don't pay attention, it will soon recur and disappear without a trace. Hence the name.

However, we found that gout is often called "White Tiger Festival" in ancient medical books, and it hurts like a tiger's mouth when it attacks.

The word gout originated from Zhu Danxi's Theory of Gezhi Yu, one of the four great masters in Jin and Yuan Dynasties: "People who suffer from gout often feel pain because their blood boils due to self-heat, and then they are involved in cold water, or they set up wetlands, or they fan the air, or they lie in the wind, cold and cold, and their blood is cold and turbid. The night is very painful and cloudy. " This paper introduces the etiology and some typical symptoms of gout in detail.

Gout was called "the disease of emperors", "the disease of emperors" and "the disease of wealth" in ancient times, because it often happened to dignitaries. For example, Yuan Shizu Kublai Khan suffered from gout due to excessive drinking in his later years, which prevented him from walking and riding horses to lead troops to fight.

There are also ancient records of gout in other parts of the world. For example, in 2640 BC, it was discovered that Egyptian gout caused joint diseases of the big toe. Hippocrates, a famous ancient Greek doctor, called gout "a disease that can't walk" and pointed out that gout is the arthritis of the rich, while rheumatism is the arthritis of the poor.

In his aphorism, he reached the following conclusion about gout: "Eunuchs will not get gout, women will get gout after menopause, men will get gout after having sex, and the inflammation of gout will subside within 40 days after the occurrence, and gout attacks will be more frequent in spring and autumn."

According to the medical concept of "four body fluids theory" in the Middle Ages, gout is considered to have more malignant fluids in joints. Interestingly, in history, suffering from gout was once considered as a disease that society yearned for, because only dignitaries and powerful upper-class people had the opportunity to suffer from gout. In addition, some people think that the attack of gout can prevent more serious diseases such as paralysis and stroke.

In recent years, with the change of people's lifestyle, such as excessive intake of protein, love of hot pot and frequent drinking of Lao Huo Tang, gout has become a common disease, which seriously affects people's quality of life.

Are you attracted by these culprits who cause gout?

1, obesity

The cause of high uric acid is related to the formation of ketone bodies in the body. Obese people who eat too much will increase purine production and blood uric acid. Obesity can lead to insulin resistance, especially in people with obese abdomen. Insulin resistance will eventually lead to renal insufficiency and uric acid excretion disorder through various channels. Generally speaking, the pathway of uric acid excretion is blocked.

Step 2 drink alcohol

To say that the most prominent culprit of gout is drinking. The main component of alcohol is ethanol, which will not only inhibit the excretion of uric acid, promote the production of uric acid, but also accelerate the development of hyperuricemia to gouty arthritis. Gout is very common among people who drink heavily for a long time, especially beer contains a lot of purine components, which is easy to induce gout.

3, high purine food

The final product of purine metabolism is uric acid. Excessive intake of purine will accumulate in the body, forming hyperuricemia, which will lead to gout.

Why is phlegm-dampness constitution easy to get gout?

From the perspective of Chinese medicine, gout is mainly manifested as joint pain, which belongs to the category of "arthralgia" in Chinese medicine. Its main pathogenesis is dampness blocking meridians, poor circulation of qi and blood, and joint pain. The internal cause is spleen and stomach weakness, abnormal transport, improper diet or bad living habits, which leads to the accumulation of dampness and evil in the body, heat generation for a long time, damp-heat obstruction, leading to meridian obstruction and joint swelling, heat pain and dyskinesia.

As the saying goes, "ten gout and nine fat", from the clinical observation of traditional Chinese medicine, gout prefers phlegm-dampness constitution, especially for plump men with drinking history and middle-aged and elderly people who like to be "fat and sweet"; Joint pain occurs especially in the joints of lower limbs, which can be very painful at night.

Phlegm-dampness constitution refers to the internal manifestation of phlegm-dampness when the viscera function is out of order, which easily leads to the imbalance of qi, blood, body fluid transport, stagnation of water-dampness and accumulation of phlegm and turbidity. Usually manifested as obesity, abdominal fullness, chest tightness, excessive phlegm, lethargy, weight discomfort, liking fat and mellow wine, fat tongue, white and greasy tongue coating.

The patient's own spleen and stomach weakness, visceral dysfunction, improper diet or bad living habits. , resulting in the accumulation of moisture in the body, converted into heat.

Self-check card for phlegm-dampness constitution:

Judging whether a person has phlegm-dampness constitution can be measured by scoring the following eight questions:

At what age is it easy to get gout?

Gout can occur at any age. It is especially common in middle-aged men over 40 years old, and the incidence ratio of male to female is 20∶ 1.

In recent years, the incidence of gout has become younger and younger.

Got gout, how to pay attention to diet?

If you have gout, you should improve your living habits and adjust the unreasonable diet structure, which is the basis of strengthening the spleen and regulating the stomach, eliminating dampness and removing blood stasis and preventing gout from recurring.

1, eat less high-sugar fruits.

Fruits are rich in fructose, which will increase the blood uric acid content. Therefore, we should pay attention to avoid eating a lot of fruits rich in fructose, especially fruit juice and dried fruit.

Gout patients can eat fruits with less fructose, such as cherries, strawberries, pineapples, watermelons and peaches. Among them, some studies have confirmed that cherries are good for gout and can be eaten properly if conditions permit!

2, do not eat high purine food

Excessive intake of high purine food is a common cause of gout attack. The first principle of gout diet is to limit the intake of high purine food. In addition to the old fire soup, there are many daily high purine foods. The following is a brief summary of the list of common high purine foods:

Animal viscera: pig viscera, cattle viscera, sheep viscera, chicken viscera, etc. , especially the liver, kidney, pancreas and brain.

Seafood: dried small fish, sardines, hairtail, salmon, anchovies, silver carp, octopus, squid, Pipi shrimp, oysters, Lithospermum, mussels, etc. In fact, most seafood foods have high purine content, and only sea cucumber, jellyfish skin, osmanthus fish and marlin have low purine content.

Other categories: meat stuffing, gravy, broth, fish eggs, goose, spotted chicken, stone chicken, bean products, yeast, mushrooms, etc.

3. Pay attention to drinking water

It is best for gout patients to drink 2500-3000 ml of water every day, so as to ensure adequate drinking water and reduce uric acid level in the body. It is recommended to drink more alkaline mineral water to help alkalize urine. When the PH value in urine decreases, the solubility of uric acid increases, which is helpful for uric acid excretion.

Gout patients should not drink pure water, which is acidic and does not contain any minerals. Long-term drinking can lead to electrolyte disorder or lack.

In addition, it should be noted that patients with gout accompanied by severe cardiac insufficiency, severe renal insufficiency and obvious edema should not drink more water, otherwise it will cause water poisoning and aggravate edema.

4. Eat more alkaline food.

Eating more alkaline food helps to neutralize uric acid. It is recommended to eat some alkaline foods with more potassium and less sodium. Such as arrowhead, cucumber, persimmon, radish, chestnut, lettuce, eggplant, Chinese cabbage, cabbage and so on. Eggs and milk are hypopurine foods, which can provide high-quality protein and are good choices for gout patients.

5. Prohibition of alcohol

Especially beer, it is also important to drink less. The daily intake of purine should be limited to150mg.

How to treat gout?

1, western medicine

For drugs that have been proved to be effective by western medicine, please consult a doctor and follow the doctor's advice.

2, Chinese medicine treatment

* Acute attack period

The acute attack of gout is generally damp-heat syndrome of spleen and stomach, which is characterized by fever, headache, obvious redness and swelling of joints, accompanied by decreased diet, blocked stool and bitter taste.

Bad breath and yellow and greasy tongue coating are the main symptoms, which need urgent treatment. At this time, traditional Chinese medicine treatment mostly adopts the methods of clearing heat and promoting diuresis, relieving arthralgia and relieving pain.

Recommend Simiao Decoction

Materials: Rhizoma Atractylodis 1 0g, Achyranthes bidentata15g, Cortex Phellodendri15g, and Coicis Semen 30g (1serving).

Practice: Wash the above herbs, put them into a pot, boil three bowls of water into one bowl, and take them while they are hot.

Efficacy: clearing away heat and promoting diuresis, removing arthralgia and relieving pain.

Suitable for the crowd: Gouty arthritis in acute stage is damp-heat obstruction, common joint swelling, burning pain, no flexion and extension, joint affected area likes cold and hates heat, even pain can not be close to hands, dry mouth and bitter taste, yellow urine, red tongue and yellow greasy fur.

* Intermittent or chronic period:

At this stage, the general pain symptoms are not obvious, but sometimes there are joint pains, or only hyperuricemia, and the standard syndrome has basically disappeared or is mild. Syndrome differentiation of traditional Chinese medicine is mainly based on spleen deficiency and dampness, and treatment is mainly based on spleen deficiency and dampness.

Corn silk, Smilax glabra, dried tangerine peel and Wuzhitao tea are recommended.

Materials: Stigma Maydis 30g, Rhizoma Smilacis Glabrae 30g, Pericarpium Citri Tangerinae 10g, Ficus persica 15g( 1 serving).

Practice: Wash the above herbs, put them into a pot, boil three bowls of water into one bowl, and take them while they are hot.

Efficacy: invigorating spleen and eliminating dampness.

Suitable for people: hyperuricemia due to spleen deficiency and dampness excess is common in people who eat big fish and big meat or like to eat fat and sweet, with body fat, sticky mouth, rotten stool and thick and greasy tongue coating.