Customs and habits in some places (holiday customs, costumes, diet, houses, novel and unique folk handicrafts)
During the Republic of China, rich women mostly wore cheongsam or short-sleeved shirts; Men wear robes and jackets, hats or helmets, and shoes. Rich students in the town are wearing Chinese tunic suits. Ordinary people wear simple coarse homespun, and men, women and children are from China. The coat has a big chest and is fastened with a cloth belt, which is commonly known as "playing garlic bumps"; At the bottom are waistband pants with a cloth belt. In spring, summer and autumn, men often wear underwear, commonly known as "Han pleats", straw hats, black cloth shoes and white socks; Middle-aged and elderly women wear black and blue trousers; Teenagers and women often wear white robes and black trousers. In winter, men, women and children wear cotton trousers, cotton-padded jackets, cotton shoes and socks. Young men and women wear camel-saddle cotton shoes, while old people wear cotton shoes from Nayun Gang, commonly known as "Old People's Head Music".
During the Republic of China, there was a saying in the county that "clothes don't change the old family style", and clothes didn't change much. After the Eighth Route Army opened the anti-Japanese base in Jixian County on 1938, the clothing changed greatly. Men's shirts were changed to double-breasted shirts, straw hats were worn in summer, felt hats were worn in the east, and cloth shoes and socks were worn.
After the founding of New China, clothing changed rapidly. In 1950s, it was popular to wear Chinese tunic suit, student suit, Lenin suit, octagonal hat, rubber-soled shoes and knitted socks. Most of the clothes are blue, and there is a saying that "if you make money, it will be blue." 1966- 1976 military uniforms are popular, and teenagers wear grass-green clothes and grass-green military caps. After 1978, young people wear suits, coats, bell bottoms and jeans. In summer, young women wear skirts and young men's sweatshirts have many colors. The styles of shoes are Hong Kong style, progressive style and rocket style.
During the Republic of China, women had the habit of wearing bracelets, earrings and rings. Children hang longevity locks, hoping that children will grow up safely. From 1950s to 1970s, the custom of wearing ornaments gradually disappeared, and it became popular again in 1980s.
Second, diet.
Usually during the Ming and Qing Dynasties and the Republic of China, the average farmer has three ginseng a day, and two are scattered. During the wheat harvest, there are four meals a day in Qingdianwa area, eating at home in the morning and evening, and in the field at noon and afternoon. Lunch is mostly steamed bread, pancakes, soaked rice, green onion dipping sauce and so on. After the wheat harvest, every farmer in Qingdianwa and Taihewa grinds fried noodles. When it rains on cloudy days and cooking is difficult, the whole family takes fried noodles as their staple food. Some farmers still like to eat fried noodles. In summer, most parts of the county are used to eating cold rice: squeezing, making cold bean soup, drinking water and drinking rice. This custom has been passed down to this day. In winter, farmers usually have two meals a day and enter the twelfth lunar month. Farmers above the medium level wash rice and grind noodles, steamed cakes and rice cakes. Before the fifteenth day of the first month, T-cakes were the staple food. In the past, the varieties of vegetables eaten by farmers were monotonous, and they mainly ate cabbage from late autumn to spring. There is also cabbage on the banquet table, which is called "bergamot meat". In spring, everyone cooks beans to make sauce, and in autumn, everyone pickles.
There are eight or eight seats (commonly known as eight dishes and eight bowls), four or four seats, four or four seats for senior students and four or four seats for junior students. When attending the banquet, the elders of the guests sit in their seats, with different seats for different generations and different seats for men and women. There is a saying that "seven teas and eight meals are 100% full of wine", that is, you should pour seven-full teas and eight-full meals to your guests. Only when the wine is 100% full, or even full of wine, can you be respectful? "If the host doesn't drink, the guests don't drink." Most of these customs remained in the 1980s.
Three. live
Before the founding of New China, when we broke ground to build houses, we all chose an auspicious day, burned incense and worshipped the land gods, and invited Mr. Yin Yang Zhai to see Feng Shui. The county pays attention to the east and west, that is, after a room is completed, if you want to pick up another one, you can only cover it to the east, not to the west. The entrance is generally left in the south or east, not directly facing the hutong, chimney and bridge mouth. The wing is lower than the main house, which is called "the wing does not press the right". When the house was built, the whole village took the initiative to help with the work, and there was no reward. The host treated each other with wine and meat, commonly known as "please work". When boarding the beam, the house is surrounded by red lines, firecrackers are set off, red cloth is tied on the beam, and the couplet "The squire is here, the gods abdicate" is posted. On this day, relatives and friends like to congratulate them with gifts, which is called "pouring the beam". Pregnant women and widows are not allowed in. In the 1980s, most old customs were abolished. With the emergence of professional or semi-professional construction teams, helpers have become contractors.
The houses in the county pay attention to the deep house compound, facing south, and the main house has several floors before and after, with doors and windows before and after. Toilets and pigsty are generally located in the northeast corner and southwest corner of the hospital. After 1970s, single-family houses were built in most rural areas.
Before the founding of New China, people moved in order to choose an auspicious day and move before the sun rose. First, the brazier is full of fire, and moving into a new house means that the future will be "thriving". Then bake a piece of bread, which is as big as a pot, meaning the day of "future launch". Relatives and friends bring gifts such as matches, chopsticks, buckets, meat and grain (mainly sorghum) to "add to the house", meaning "wealth, promotion, wealth and happiness". Some people also send "Meng Mu Neighborhood Map" and banners. In the 1980s, the trend of adding houses still existed, and most of the gifts were matches, chopsticks and daily necessities. Relatives and friends have a good drink in their new home, commonly known as "Congratulations on your new home". Brothers split up and move, and relatives send rice and noodles, which is called "Wen Ju".
Before the founding of New China, most of the rural houses were three main rooms facing south, and the elders lived in the east room, which was called "building". My brother lives in the opposite house, in the east and in the west. When the guests come, the host and guest live in a room and let the guests sleep on the kang to show their respect. The son marries his daughter-in-law Westinghouse's new house. Daughter and son-in-law can't live together when they go back to their parents' house. If they live together, they must put some coins under the kang mat to avoid the prosperity of their parents' home. If the married daughter gives birth at her mother's house, the son-in-law must fill her father-in-law's water tank, bucket and other water containers with water to avoid a bloody disaster. After the founding of New China, the location and architectural style of rural houses in county towns are basically the same as before the Republic of China. There are tens of thousands of workers and cadres living in buildings or square houses in the county, and the living customs are not very particular.
Before the founding of New China, there was a custom of "poor kitchen pits and rich water tanks" in rural areas. When the flood comes, the pit in the kitchen should be cleaned frequently and the water tank should be filled at any time. This custom has been preserved to this day.
Fourth, travel.
Before the founding of New China, people with scholarly family and rich family in the county paid attention to dignified and steady walking, preferring to wet their clothes rather than mess up the steps; Ordinary people walk more casually. When going out from home, choose auspicious day or double day to ensure "peace" and eat jiaozi before departure, which means "hair and feet". On the way, I met a snake crossing and turned to go home; Never pick up a pipe or pipe or rope lost by others, so as not to be unlucky; When you meet an elder, you should get off the bus and say hello, otherwise the younger generation asks the elder for "forgiveness" and the elder responds "when to leave" or "go quickly"; In case of peers, fellow villagers and acquaintances, immediately gesture in the car and say "two stools"; When asking for directions, get off and dismount first, then say "excuse me" or "excuse me" and ask for directions; Walk with the elders, the elders are in front, and the younger generation is behind.
After the founding of New China, bicycles have gradually increased, especially in recent years, and people's travel customs have become increasingly simplified.