"Tomb-Sweeping Day, Labor Day" Composition
Tomb-Sweeping Day and the Cold Food Festival merged into the same festival, which became the day to sweep graves and worship ancestors, which is today's Tomb-Sweeping Day. Since then, Tomb-Sweeping Day's outing to sweep the grave has become a fixed custom of the Chinese nation.
Tomb-Sweeping Day, also known as Tomb Sweeping Festival, Ghost Festival and Ghost Festival, is called Sanming Festival together with Zhongyuan Festival on July 15 and Xiayuan Festival on July 10/5, which is related to offering sacrifices to ghosts and gods.
Tomb-Sweeping Day, also known as the outing festival, according to the solar calendar, between April 4th and 6th every year, it is the season of beautiful spring and lush vegetation, and it is also a good time for people to have a spring outing (called outing in ancient times), so the ancients had the custom of going for an outing in Qingming and carrying out a series of sports activities. Tomb-Sweeping Day, also known as March Festival in ancient times, has a history of more than 2,000 years.
Youth Day Composition: Tomb-Sweeping Day's Feeling
Tomb-Sweeping Day, also known as Tomb Sweeping Festival, Ghost Festival and Ghost Festival, is called Sanming Festival together with Zhongyuan Festival on July 15 and Xiayuan Festival on July 10/5, which is related to offering sacrifices to ghosts and gods.
Tomb-Sweeping Day, also known as the outing festival, according to the solar calendar, between April 4th and 6th every year, it is the season of beautiful spring and lush vegetation, and it is also a good time for people to have a spring outing (called outing in ancient times), so the ancients had the custom of going for an outing in Qingming and carrying out a series of sports activities. Tomb-Sweeping Day, also known as March Festival in ancient times, has a history of more than 2,000 years.
Tomb-Sweeping Day is one of the 24 solar terms around April 5th in the Gregorian calendar. Among the 24 solar terms, Qingming is the only solar term that is both a solar term and a festival. In ancient China, the Qingming Festival was divided into three stages: "One stage was when tung flowers began to bloom; Second, the vole became a quail; I'll see you when I wait for the rainbow. " That is to say, at this time, the white paulownia blooms first, then the happy voles in the shade disappear and all return to the underground caves, and then the rainbow can be seen in the sky after the rain.
Because the 24 solar terms objectively reflect the changes of temperature, rainfall and phenology throughout the year, ancient working people used them to arrange agricultural activities. Huainanzi? Astronomical training says: "On the 15th day after the vernal equinox, the bucket refers to B, and the Qingming wind is coming." According to the centenarian question, "everything grows clean and bright at this time." So it's called Qingming. "As soon as Qingming arrives, the temperature rises and the rainfall increases, which is a good time for spring ploughing and spring planting. Therefore, there is a saying in agriculture that "before and after Qingming, point melons and plant beans" and "planting trees is not as good as Qingming". It can be seen that this solar term is closely related to agricultural production.
However, Qingming, as a festival, is different from pure solar terms. Solar terms are symbols of phenological changes and seasonal order in China, while festivals contain certain customs and activities, which have certain commemorative significance. Tomb-Sweeping Day is a traditional festival in China, and it is also the most important festival to worship ancestors and sweep graves. Grave-sweeping is commonly known as going to the grave and offering sacrifices to the dead. Most Han people and some ethnic minorities visit graves in Tomb-Sweeping Day. According to the old custom, when sweeping graves, people should bring food, wine, fruit, paper money and other items to the cemetery, offer food to the graves of their loved ones, then burn the paper money, cultivate new soil for the graves, break some green branches and insert them in front of the graves, then kowtow and worship, and finally go home after eating and drinking. The poem Qingming written by Du Mu, a poet in the Tang Dynasty, said: "There are many rains during the Qingming period, and pedestrians on the road want to break their souls. Ask local people where to buy wine? The shepherd boy pointed to Xinghua Village. " Write about the special atmosphere in Tomb-Sweeping Day. To this day, the custom of worshipping ancestors and mourning the dead relatives in Tomb-Sweeping Day is still very popular. Tomb-Sweeping Day is an important traditional folk festival in China, and it is also one of the eight important festivals (Shangyuan, Qingming, Long Summer, Dragon Boat Festival, Central Plains, Mid-Autumn Festival, Winter Solstice and New Year's Eve). Generally speaking, it is on April 5 in the solar calendar, but its festival is very long. There are two kinds of sayings: eight days before the tenth day and ten days after the tenth day. These twenty days belong to Tomb-Sweeping Day.
It is said that the origin of Tomb-Sweeping Day began with the "grave-sweeping" ceremony of ancient emperors and generals. Later, people followed suit, and it became a fixed custom of the Chinese nation to worship ancestors and sweep graves on this day.
To talk about Tomb-Sweeping Day, we should start with a very famous festival in ancient times-Cold Food Festival.
Cold food festival, also known as cooked food festival, no smoking festival and cold food festival. Its date is from the winter solstice 105, that is to say, it is only one or two days away from Qingming. The main custom of this festival is to ban fire, cook without fire, and only eat prepared cooked food and cold food, hence the name.
According to legend, the Cold Food Festival originated in the State of Jin in the Spring and Autumn Period to commemorate the courtiers of Duke Xiang of Jin. Zhong Er, the son of the State of Jin, went into exile 19 years. He was followed by guards and made great contributions. Zhong Er returned to the throne, that is, Jin Wengong. Jiezitui carried his mother and hid in Mianshan. Jin Wengong went to look for it, but he couldn't find it. Therefore, he let Yamakaji leave, trying to bridge the gap. I didn't expect meson tui and his mother to hold a big tree, preferring to burn to death rather than go out of the mountain. Sadly, Jin Wengong ordered that Mianshan be renamed Jieshan (namely Jieshan in Jiexiu County, Shanxi Province) and that the day when mesons were burned to death be designated as Cold Food Festival. It is forbidden to make a fire and eat cold rice every year at the Cold Food Festival to show the meaning of remembering.
In fact, the real origin of the Cold Food Festival originated from the ancient system of drilling wood for new fire. Because of different seasons, the ancients used different trees to drill fires, which is the custom of making fires in different seasons. And every time you change the fire, you have to change it with a new one. People are forbidden to make a fire until a new one comes. This was a great event at that time. "Zhou Li? Qiu Guan? Si Xuan's: "Mid-spring, the forbidden and Mu Duo repair the fire. "As you can see, he was shaking a log and frontispiece was walking down the street, and ordered a fire ban. This is the company's propagandist, that is, a small official who specializes in making fires. When the fire is banned, people prepare some cold food to eat, which gradually becomes a fixed custom. Later, it was linked with the legend of meson push and became the Cold Food Festival, which lasted for one month. After all, it is unhealthy, so the date is shortened from seven days to three days and gradually changed to one day. After the Tang Dynasty, it was integrated into Tomb-Sweeping Day.
The customs of the Cold Food Festival include going to the grave, sightseeing, cockfighting, swinging, playing with carpets, pulling hooks (tug of war) and so on. The custom of going to the grave is very old. Where there is a grave, there must be a tomb sacrifice. Later, due to the integration with the custom of evoking souls in March, it was gradually decided to sacrifice on cold food. 《