Translation and Appreciation of Xia Sai Qu
The original of Xia Sai Qu.
Tang Dynasty: Lu Lun
That night, the black geese flew very high, and Khan quietly escaped during the night.
I was about to lead the light cavalry to catch up when the snow fell full of bows and knives.
Translation of Xia Sai Qu
In the dead of night, dark clouds covered the moon, and the geese on the horizon flew in surprise. Khan's army tried to sneak away at night.
Just as I wanted to lead the light cavalry to chase all the way, the heavy snow fell on the bow and knife.
Notes on Xia Sai Qu
Xia Sai Song: Ancient frontier fortress military songs.
Moon Black: There is no moonlight.
Qin Gui: the leader of the Huns. This refers to the supreme commander of the invaders.
Escape: escape.
Will: Leadership.
Qingqi: Light cavalry and fast cavalry.
11: Catch up.
Full: Covered.
Xia Sai Song Appreciation 1
Song of Xia Sai is an old title of Han Yuefu, which belongs to Song of Cross Blowing, and its content is mostly the frontier battle. The original * * * six songs, Heng Tang decided to choose four of them. This is the third poem in Lulun's poem Song of the Frontier. Lu Lun used to be a marshal judge of the shogunate, and he had a good understanding of the life of soldiers. Poetry describing this life is more substantial and powerful in style. This poem is about the heroic feat of the general preparing to lead his troops in pursuit of the enemy on a snowy night.
Poetry begins with a scene. "High in the faint moonlight, geese are soaring" is not the scene in the eyes, but the scene in the heart. It is not the normal time for geese to fly when it is dark on a snowy night. Su Yan's panic showed that the enemy was on the move. A few words not only interpreted time as winter, but also set off the tension before the war.
"Chief Tatar is escaping through the darkness", and the enemy's action at night is not to lead the troops to attack, but to escape under the cover of moonlight. The poem is full of positive tone, clear judgment, contempt for the enemy and our army's belief in victory, which excites readers.
The last two sentences describe the general preparing to chase the enemy, which is unusual. "And we chase it, and the horse is lightly burdened." The general found that the enemy had absconded and wanted to lead the light cavalry to pursue it; Not only is it fast, but it also shows a high degree of confidence. When the warriors set out in line, a heavy snow began to fall. Although they didn't stand for a while, the bow and knife were covered with snowflakes in an instant. Covered the cold light of their weapons. They are like arrows about to leave the string. Although they haven't set off yet, they are full of confidence in victory.
The last sentence "and the burden of snow on our bows and swords" is a description of the cold scene, highlighting the hardships of fighting and the brave spirit of soldiers.
Although there are only twenty words in this poem, it tells the truth at that time: Khan led the army to flee in the scene of "the moonlight is faint and high, and yan zhen is soaring into the sky", and the general prepared to lead the army to attack in the extremely cold weather of "and a burden of snow on our bow and knife". Escape and chase all the nervousness. Although the poem does not directly describe the fierce battle scenes, it leaves readers with a broad imagination space and creates a long poetic atmosphere.
Appreciation 2
This is a poem describing soldiers chasing deserters at night, and it is the third poem in Lulun's "Xia Sai Qu" series. This poem is only 20 words short, but it is full of a lot of information, which inspires readers' infinite imagination. The author does not directly describe the battle scene, but by reading poems, he can draw a picture of the battle of Kingoma iron by understanding poems and enriching his imagination.
The poem begins with a scene: "Wild geese are soaring in the bright moonlight". Such a scene is difficult to describe: "the moon is dark and the wind is high", then there is nothing to see; "Wild geese fly high", there is no trace to be found. Wild geese fly, high above. It is perceived by sound. Such a scene is not a scene in the eyes, but a scene in the heart. It is not the normal time for geese to fly when it is dark on a snowy night. Su Yan's surprise revealed that the enemy was moving. A few words not only showed the time, but also set off the tension before the battle, directly forcing out the next sentence, "Chief Tatar is fleeing through the darkness." Khan was the monarch of the ancient Huns, referring to the enemy commander here. There should be various possibilities for the enemy to act at night. However, the poet is called "the Chief Tatar is fleeing from the darkness". Reading this, I have a sense of heroism. The enemy's action at night is not to lead the troops to attack, but to flee in panic under the cover of night. The tone of the poem is positive, the judgment is clear, and it is full of contempt for the enemy and the belief that our army will win, which makes readers excited and surprised by the mysterious atmosphere caused by the above sentence. The enemy leader escaped and our troops pursued him. This is a natural development.
Three or four sentences about our army's preparation for pursuit show the mighty spirit of the soldiers. "And we chase them with light horses" means that the pursuers will send them without sending them. Not sending troops "light riding" is not only because of its high speed, but also because it shows a high degree of self-confidence, as if the enemy is already a turtle in an urn, and only a small amount of "light riding" is needed to pursue it. When the warriors line out. Although standing for a while. The snow was covered with bows and knives. The phrase "On our bow, on our sword, there is a burden of snow" is unexpected, which pushes the artistic conception of the whole poem to a climax. In the vast darkness and white snow, a light cavalry is gathering, and the snow falls on them instantly, covering the cold light of their weapons. They are like arrows about to leave the string. Although they haven't set out yet, they have long been full of confidence in victory. This is a very moving picture: there are shouts in silence and lightning brewing in the darkness. Although it is in the dark night, the heroic spirit outlined by the snow is still "shocking". Judging from this poem, Lu Lun is very good at capturing images and opportunities. He can not only grasp the typical image, but also show it at the most artistic moment. The poet does not write about how the army attacked, nor does he tell the reader whether he caught up with the enemy. He only described a scene he was going to pursue, which effectively set off the atmosphere and emotions at that time. "And we chase them, the horse is light and heavy, and the bow and sword are negative." This is not the climax of the battle, but the moment close to the climax. This moment, like an arrow on the string, will not send, the most attractive force. Although the results are not explained, only in this way can it be more enlightening and arouse readers' association and imagination. This is called incoherent, and its meaning is endless. It's not without a tail when a dragon sees its head. The tail is even more interesting and charming if it looms in the clouds.
Appreciation 3
Six Poems of He Zhang's Servant Shooting are a set of poems by Lu Lun, a poet in the Tang Dynasty. These six poems show the real and vivid military life of the frontier fortress and the brave and fearless character of the soldiers by describing the scenes such as the general ordering to go out, patrolling and killing tigers at night, disturbing the enemy on snowy nights, dancing at celebration banquets and hunting. , vividly depicts the magnificent momentum of frontier fortress soldiers. Each capital of this group of poems can be independent, rich in content, meaningful and magnificent.
Song of frontier fortress is an old title of Han Yuefu, which belongs to the song of cross-blowing, and its content mostly describes the battle scenes of frontier fortress. Lu Lun's "He Zhang Fu Shoots Six Poems" is a five-line poem. Although he is limited by harmonious poetry, he is good at using this poetic style. This poetic style does not necessarily follow the poetic method, but Lu Lun wrote this picturesque masterpiece with his outstanding literary talent and six exquisite five-character poems. These six poems are full of praise for giving orders, shooting down the enemy, playing a victory celebration and so on.
The first song in the group, "Singing Frontier Scenery", describes the spectacular scene when the general sounded the horn. The first two sentences carefully depict the majestic image of the general with strict antithesis. "His golden arrow has eagle feathers on the top" is about the general's arrow. "Golden Servant", the name of the arrow, "Zuo Zhuan": "The battle on the hill, the public shot the Nangong Changwan with golden servants." The arrow is made of gold, which shows that it is strong and sharp. And use the feathers ("Ling") of the large raptor "Eagle" to make arrow feathers, which are beautiful and generous, and launch quickly and powerfully. "He Embroiders a Silk Flag with a tuxedo" is about a flag held by a general. "Embroidered Arc", a flag used as a conductor in the army, Zuo Zhuan: "Uncle Ying Kao took Zheng Zhi's flag arc first." This command flag, which is shaped like a swallow's tail, is embroidered with patterns and looks very beautiful in the hands of the general. These two sentences do not directly describe the general's appearance, but from his striking arrows and flags, the general's vigorous figure has stood in front of the readers. In the poem, two birds, the brave vulture and the swift swallow, are highlighted to symbolize the mental state of the characters. Through the description and contrast of these two sentences, the image of a mighty and shrewd military general jumps to the page. The last two sentences are written in a new order. Only the general was left, and only the flag of the headquarters was gently raised. The sergeant of a thousand battalions standing in front of him shouted in unison, and the majestic cry resounded through the sky, shaking the fields and showing the majestic military power. The word "independence" makes the image of the general that has appeared in the first two sentences more straight, and forms a completely different numerical contrast with the "Thousand Battalions" behind it, to show that the general has a large number of troops and outstanding military status, and further depicts the mighty image. When the national flag was slowly raised, a thousand battalions cheered. In the neat and majestic cry, "A Thousand Battalions" and "One" fully embody the strict discipline of the army and the strict training of the generals in peacetime, and show the invincible fighting capacity. This seemingly bland narrative is a powerful one, which makes the general's image more plump and prominent, leaving a deep impression on people. In the five-character quatrains, it is rare to see such a poem describing such a magnificent scene and such a huge momentum. The first two sentences are clean and neat, and the strength converges to neatness; The last two sentences are changed into loose sentences, which release the introverted power at once and let the momentum rush out. This convergence and release, in a few words, contains extremely rich content and shows great power.
The Creation Background of Xia Sai Qu
When the author wrote this poem, his life and career were extremely unsatisfactory. After the Zhu Rebellion, Hun Wang of Xianning went out of Zhenhe and promoted Lu Lun as the judge of Marshal's Office. In the military camp, Lulun saw all the solemn frontier fortress scenes and all the rough and heroic soldiers, so he wrote this frontier fortress poem.
A Brief Introduction to the Author of Xia Sai Qu
Lu Lun (739-799) was born in Zhou Pu (now Yongji County, Shaanxi Province). Tang Dynasty poet, one of the ten talented people in Dali. At the end of Tianbao in Xuanzong of Tang Dynasty, he was a scholar and got into trouble. Tang Daizong dynasty should rise again and try again and again. In the sixth year of Dali, Prime Minister Yuan Zai recommended him and named him Wei Xiang. Later, Wang Jin, the prime minister, recommended him as a bachelor in Jixian County and secretary of the provincial school, and promoted him as a supervisor. Issued by Tiger Grass in Shaanxi Province and Mixian County in Henan Province. Later, Yuan Zai and Wang Jin were convicted and implicated. Tang Dezong regime change, returned to Zhao Ying as a county magistrate, served as a marshal judge in Hehuanfufu, and the official to Lang was suspended. He died soon. He is the author of Lu Hubu's Poems.