What do "side rooms, reverse seats, back buildings, and side rooms" mean?

Hello!!

The concepts of wing rooms and rear buildings are mainly based on the architectural pattern of the north, mainly referring to the pattern of courtyard houses in Beijing.

1:

The wing room is relative to the main room. It is divided into the east wing and the west wing.

Ancient Chinese architecture pays attention to yin and yang, the five elements, and the eight trigrams, and has a strict hierarchy. The layout of the courtyard is symmetrically distributed along the central axis. The main house generally faces north and faces south (north is respected), and is the most important building in the entire house.

Located on the east and west sides of the inner house are the wing rooms, which open to the courtyard respectively.

Two:

The inverted seat room is the outer living room, accounting room, and concierge; the main hall is the inner living room.

In addition, the inverted seat has another meaning. If When talking about the location of the house (especially the orientation), compared with the main house, the main house faces south. If it is the opposite, it will be an "inverted house", that is, it faces south. In the north In folk customs, an inverted house is an unlucky sign.

Three:

The side house refers to the supporting buildings of the east and west wing rooms, which are generally used as warehouses or heir sacrifices. But in China The concepts of the south and the north are somewhat different.

Four:

The back building refers to the back half of the main room (especially the main hall). It is opposite to the front.

In addition, the layout of the courtyard house in the north is attached.

The structural characteristic of the courtyard house is that the houses that make up the courtyard are separated, and the houses are connected by corridors or not. Each house has a solid outer eaves decoration, and the courtyard surrounded by the living rooms is large. The doors and windows all face the inner courtyard, and the exterior is covered with thick walls. The roof truss structure adopts lifting beam structure. This form of residential housing can receive cool natural winds in the summer and has a spacious outdoor activity space; it can obtain abundant sunshine in the winter and avoid the invasion of cold winds. Therefore, the courtyard style is a common form in northern China and is popular. In the Northeast, North and Northwest regions. Among the courtyard-style residences, the courtyard house in Beijing is the most regular and typical. A complete Beijing courtyard is composed of three courtyards, with an inverted room, a hanging flower door, a main hall, a main room, and a back room arranged along the north-south axis. Each time you enter the courtyard, there are east and west wing rooms, and there are wing rooms on both sides of the main hall. There are mountain verandahs and hand-chaoshan verandas surrounding the courtyard to connect the houses together. The gate opens in the southeast corner. Large-scale residences also have additional axis houses, gardens, study rooms, etc. Each building in the house has a fixed purpose. The front room is the outer living room, accounting room, and concierge; the main hall is the inner living room for family discussions; the main room is for parents and elders; the children and nephews all live in the wing room; the back room is Warehouses, servants' quarters and kitchens, etc. This kind of residence is arranged according to the hierarchical order of elders and children, inside and outside, and noble and humble. It is a kind of closed folk residence with strong patriarchal nature. There are also courtyard-style residences: the residences in Jinzhong, whose courtyards are long and narrow from north to south; the residences in southeastern Shanxi, most of which have two or three floors; the residences in Guanzhong, in addition to the long and narrow courtyards, most of the wing rooms have a slope. Form; Hui folk houses in Linxia have a free layout, with random orientations and gardens; Manchu houses in Jilin have very large courtyards, with the west room as the main room and three thousand-character Kangs on three sides; Qinghai Zhuanghu is a flat-topped courtyard. The surrounding exterior walls are all made of rammed earth; the Bai folk houses, that is, the folk houses in Dali, have two typical layouts: "three squares and one screen wall" and "four in five patios"; the Naxi folk houses are similar to the Bai folk houses, but absorb There are Tibetan buildings with front porches on top and bottom.

Thank you!!