What kind of person is the real Zhou Yu in the history of the Three Kingdoms? What merits did he have?
Zhou Yu is tall, strong and handsome. At first, Sun Jian organized an uprising against Dong Zhuo and moved his family to Shu County. Sun Jian's son Sun Ce is the same age as Zhou Yu, and he is very friendly with Zhou Yu alone. Zhou Yu asked Sun Ce to live in a big house in Lunan, to visit his mother and exchange needed items. Zhou Yu's uncle, Shang Zhou, was appointed as the governor of Danyang, and Zhou Yu went to visit him. As it happens, Sun Ce wants to cross to the east, and when he arrives in Liyang, he quickly writes to Zhou Yu, who leads the troops to meet Sun Ce. Sun Ce said happily, "I got you and everything went well." Zhou Yu followed the attack on Hengjiang and the Party and conquered them all. So we crossed the river to attack Moling, and defeated Yan Rong and Betty. Instead, we captured Hu Zhe and Jiangcheng, entered Quxian County, and Lu You fled, while Sun Ce's army had tens of thousands of people. He said to Zhou Yu, "All I have to do is capture Wu Hui alive with these troops and pacify Shanyue. Go back and watch Danyang. " Zhou Yu returns. Soon, Yuan Shu sent his cousin to replace Zhou, and Zhou Yuhe returned to Shouchun together. Yuan Shu wants to appoint Zhou Yu as a general. Zhou Yu saw that Yuan Shu would not achieve anything after all, so he asked to be a Juchao county magistrate, hoping to return home by road. Yuan Shu listened to his words. Zhou Yu then returned to Wu Jun from his lair. This year is the third year of Jian 'an. Sun Ce personally greeted Zhou Yu and appointed him as a corps commander. He immediately distributed 2000 soldiers and 50 horses. At that time, Zhou Yu was twenty-four years old, and Wu soldiers called him Zhou Lang. Because Zhou Yu's charity is very famous in Lujiang, he was assigned as the guardian of Niuzhu, and later served as the magistrate of Chungu County. Soon, Sun Ce wanted to capture Jingzhou, appointed Zhou Yu as the central defender, and served as Jiangxia's satrap, asking him to follow him to attack Anhui County and conquer it. At this time, I got Gong Qiao's two daughters, both of whom were born beautiful. Sun Ce married the bridge herself, and Zhou Yu married the bridge. He also attacked Xunyang, defeated Liu Xun, marched in Jiangxia, and pacified Zhang Yu and Luling, while Zhou Yu stayed in Baqiu.
In the fifth year of Jian 'an, Sun Ce died and Sun Quan was in charge. Zhou Yu led his troops to attend the funeral, so he stayed in Wu Jun and took charge of everything as a bodyguard of China with a long history.
In the eleventh year of Jian 'an, the governor led Sun Yu and others to conquer Ma and Bao Tun, kill their leaders, capture more than 10,000 people and return to the palace pavilion. Jiangxia satrap Huang Zu sent general Deng Long and led thousands of troops into Chaisang. Zhou Yu took Deng Long alive and sent him to Wu Jun.
In the spring of the thirteenth year of Jian 'an, Sun Quan conquered Jiangxia, and Zhou Yu served as the former governor.
This September. Cao Cao entered Jingzhou, Liu Cong led the troops to surrender, and Cao Cao got his water army, with hundreds of thousands of sailors and infantry. Wu Jun soldiers were very scared when they heard about it. Sun Quan called all his men and asked about the plan. People who talked about it all said, "Cao Gong is like a wolf, but in the name of the prime minister of the Han Dynasty, he took the son of heaven to command the princes and conquer the four sides, and everything he did was under the pretext of the imperial court. Now if he resists him, things will get worse. Besides, general, your advantage can be used to resist Cao Cao, and it is the Yangtze River. Now that Cao Cao has Jingzhou, he has occupied that area. Thousands of naval forces were trained by Liu Biao and Meng Chong's warships. Cao Cao scattered them all by the river, as well as the infantry. This is the natural barrier of the Yangtze River, and it has a relationship with us. The strength of the enemy and the enemy cannot be compared. We think the best policy is to meet him. " Zhou Yu said: "No.Although Cao Cao was nominally the prime minister of the Han Dynasty, he was actually a traitor of the Han Dynasty. General, you are brave and good at fighting, relying on the contributions of your fathers and brothers, dividing your troops into Jiang Shu and Fiona Fang, a land thousands of miles away, with a strong soldier and sufficient materials. If the hero is willing to do it, you will go all over the world and eliminate the evil thieves for the Han family. Besides, Cao Cao himself has come to die, how can he see him? General, please let me make a plan for you: Now if the north is stable and Cao Cao has no worries, can he still compete with us for territory and compete with us on the ship for a long time? Now the north is unstable, and Ma Chao and Han Sui are still west of Tongguan, which is Cao Cao's future trouble; Cao Cao abandoned the pommel horse and leaned on the boat to argue with the people of wuyue. This is not the strength of the Central Plains people; It's cold now, and horses have no forage; Driving the soldiers of the Central Plains to travel long distances between rivers and lakes, not acclimatized, is bound to produce diseases. These four situations are taboos in war, and Cao Cao rashly did it. General, you captured Cao Cao. It should be today. Zhou Yu, I demand that 30,000 soldiers March into Xiakou to ensure that you defeat Cao Cao for the general. " Sun Quan said, "The old thief wants to abolish the Han Dynasty, and he has been proclaimed emperor for a long time. He only cares about Er Yuan, Lu Bu, Liu Biao and Gu. Now several heroes have died, only orphans are still there, and orphans and old thieves are at odds. You said you'd fight, which fits your lonely heart very well. This is a gift from God. "
At this time, Liu Bei was defeated by Cao Cao and wanted to lead an army across the south of the Yangtze River. He met Lu Su in Dangyang, so he discussed the plan with him and sent Zhuge Liang to see Sun Quan in Xiakou. Sun Quan then sent Zhou Yu, Cheng Pu and Liu Bei to join forces to meet Cao Cao and meet him at Chibi. At this time, Cao Cao's army soldiers were terminally ill. As soon as the war broke out, Cao Jun failed to retreat to the north bank of the Yangtze River. Zhou Yu and others are on the south bank. Huang Gai, the Ministry of Zhou Yu, said: "Now the enemy is outnumbered, and it is difficult to hold a stalemate with them for a long time. But seeing that Cao Cao's army ships are connected end to end, you can attack them with fire. " So he took dozens of Meng Chong warships, loaded them with firewood, filled them with ointment, closed the curtain and hung the tooth flag. He wrote to Cao Cao first, saying that he would surrender. Also prepared speedboats, tied behind the big ship respectively, and sailed forward together in turn. The soldiers of Cao Cao's army craned their necks to watch and pointed out that Huang Gai had surrendered. Huang Gai let go of the ship and lit a fire at the same time. At this time, the wind was strong and the fire spread, burning down the camp on the shore. Soon, fireworks rose into the sky, and many people were burned to death or drowned, so Cao Jun retreated and returned to protect the Confederate army. Liu Bei and Zhou Yu and others pursued each other again. Cao Cao left Cao Ren to defend Jiangling City and went straight back to the north.
Zhou Yu and Cheng Pu once again marched into Nanjun, facing Coss across the river. When there was no confrontation between the troops, Zhou Yu sent Gan Ning to occupy Yiling. Coss separated his troops and besieged Gan Ning. Gan Ning turned to Zhou Yu for help. Zhou Yu listened to this, leaving Jun in the rear and going to save Gan Ning by himself. After the siege of Gan-Ning was lifted, he crossed the Yangtze River, stationed on the north shore, appointed a date and fought Coss. Zhou Yu personally rode a horse to supervise the war. It happened that the arrow hit his right side and was seriously injured. He quit immediately. Later, Coss heard that Zhou Yu was ill in bed, so he led the troops into battle. Zhou Yu got up by himself, patrolled the barracks and encouraged the soldiers. Coss therefore withdrew.
Sun Quan appointed Zhou Yu as the partial general and the southern county satrap. Give him Xiajian, Hanlu, Liu Yang and Zhouling as cities, and garrison troops to guard Jiangling. As a left general, Liu Bei also worked as a shepherd in Jingzhou, and his official residence was in * * county. Liu Bei went to visit Sun Quan in Jingxian County. Zhou Yu said, "Liu Bei, with his heroic spirit and generals like Guan Yu and Zhang Fei, will not succumb to the domination of others for a long time." . Now cut off the land to support them, gather these three people and deploy them on the border battlefield. I'm afraid it's like a dragon having sex, but it's not something in the pool after all. "Sun Quan didn't listen to Zhou Yu's advice because Cao Cao was in the north, and he was afraid that Liu Bei would be difficult to subdue at the moment.
At this time, Liu Zhang was appointed as Yizhou Pastoral, and Zhang Lu invaded abroad. Zhou Yu went to see Sun Quan in Jingxian County and said, "Now Cao Cao has just been defeated and is worried, so he can't fight the general. I implore the general to capture Shu, occupy Shu and annex Zhang Lu, leaving the general to stick to it and form an alliance with Ma Chao to help. Zhou Yu, when I come back, you and the general will occupy Xiangyang and attack Cao Cao, and the north will be able to make a decision. " Sun Quan promised him. Zhou Yu returned to Jiangling, ready to pack, and died in Baqiu on the way, at the age of 36. Sun Quan mourned for him in mourning and touched people around him. The coffin will be returned to Wuxian, and Sun Quan will join forces with Wuhu. All funeral expenses will be provided. Later, the special edict said, "The late generals Zhou Yu and Cheng Pu, their tenants, will no longer levy corvees." When Zhou Yu was Sun Ce's friend, Tai Fei asked Sun Quan to be his brother. At this time, Sun Quan was a general, and many generals and guests treated him with simple etiquette, while Zhou Yu did his best to respect him alone and follow the etiquette of his liegeman. Zhou Yu is generous and popular on the whole, but he is not in tune with Cheng Pu.
When Zhou Yu was young, she studied music intensively. Even after drinking a lot of wine, if there is anything wrong with the music, Zhou Yu must know it and look back after knowing it. So there was a saying at that time: "Song was wrong and Zhou Lang cared."
Zhou Yu has two sons and a daughter. Daughter marries Prince Sun Deng. Zhou Xun, the son, married the princess and was appointed as the captain of horseback riding. Zhou Yu sent him away and died at an early age. Zhou Xun's younger brother, Zhou Yin, was appointed as a surname of Xingye at first, married an imperial clan woman, and gave a thousand soldiers to be stationed in * * county. In the first year of Huanglong, he was made a township official, and was later demoted to Luling County for his crime. In the second year of Chiwu, Zhu Gejin and Lu Bu wrote that Zhou Yin, the son of Zhou Yu, a former general, was rewarded and made a general. He didn't get the blessing of cultivation, thinking about meritorious service, but indulging in lust, which soon led to sin and punishment. I and others privately believe that Zhou Yu was once deeply loved and trusted and was a confidant minister. Ordered to go out, block arrows, wholeheartedly, and die. Ministers who can resist strong enemies and relieve national disasters have been respected by emperors since ancient times. Therefore, Emperor Wudi of the Han Dynasty swore an oath of knighthood: "Even if the Yellow River narrows like a belt, Mount Tai will become as small as a millstone, and the country of heroes will last forever and be handed down to future generations"; Write with Dan, make a solemn Covenant, hide in the ancestral hall, and pass it on forever. We should let the heroes be passed down from generation to generation, not only the future generations, but even the future generations, repay their kindness, show their merits and be diligent. Only in this way can we convince future generations and let the ministers who serve them die without regret. Besides, Zhou Yu died soon, and his son Zhou Yin became an ordinary civilian, which made people even more sad. Privately, I hope that your majesty will enlighten me, follow the ancient meaning, advocate the way of prosperity, the way of extinction, the way of sealing the country, and the way of cutting off family descendants. I appealed to Zhou Yin, pleading for forgiveness of his remaining sins, returning his army, restoring his title, letting the cock crow again after the dawn, and letting the guilty courtiers show their later services. Sun Quan replied, "Gong Jin is like this, and he will never forget it. In the past, Zhou Yin was very young. At first, he didn't get any honor. He took a good soldier for no reason and made the marquis a general. Because he cared about Gong Jin, he created Zhou Yin. However, Zhou Yin relied on this, drinking too much and indulging himself, and was told one after another that he had no intention of repentance. Loneliness For Gong Jin, friendship is like the two of you, expecting Zhou Yin to achieve something. How can this mood have no end? It's not appropriate to recall Zhou Yin immediately just because of his sins. I also want him to suffer a little and make him understand himself. Now you two sincerely quote the oath of knighthood of Mount Tai on the Yellow River of Emperor Gaozu, and you feel ashamed. Although your virtues are not comparable, you still want to be close to him. That's what happened, so I didn't listen to your advice. As the son of Gong Jin, there are two intercessors. If he can repent, what is there to worry about? " Zhu Ran and Quan Cong also pleaded with each other, and Sun agreed. It happened that Zhou Yin died.
Zhou Jun, the son of Zhou Yu's brother, was also appointed as a partial general because of Zhou Yu's great achievements, commanding 1000 officers and men. After the death of Zhou Jun, Quan Cong asked to appoint Zhou Hu, the son of Zhou Jun, as the general. "It was Gong Jin who drove Cao away and exploited Jingzhou," said Quan. "Don't forget that. At first, I heard that Zhou Jun died, so I wanted to appoint Zhou Hu. I heard that Zhou Hu's personality and behavior were withdrawn and insidious, and appointing him was just a disaster, so I dismissed the idea. I miss Gong Jin alone, where will I stop? "
When talking with Lu Xun about Zhou Yu, Lu Su and Lu Meng, Sun Quan said, "Gong Jin is brave and fearless, so he can defeat Cao Mengde and open Jingzhou. It is difficult for anyone to replace him. Now you have inherited him. Once, I was invited to the East and recommended him to Gu, who had dinner and chatted with him. Soon, he talked about the achievements of the great adviser emperor, which was the first great pleasure. Later, after bretz surrendered, Cao Mengde threatened to lead hundreds of thousands of water army infantry eastward. He asked all the generals to ask the appropriate countermeasures, but no one answered me satisfactorily first. Lian Zibu and Wen Biao all said that they would send messengers to meet the surrender. Amethyst immediately retorted that he couldn't, and suggested that I ask Hou Gongjin as soon as possible, give him the army and satisfy Cao Mengde. This is the second greatest pleasure. Moreover, his policy-making thought far exceeds that of Zhang Yi and Su Qin. Although he later suggested that I lend Liu Xuande land, this is one of his shortcomings, but it is not enough to damage his two advantages. Duke Zhou blames a person for not seeking perfection, so he forgets his shortcomings, cherishes his advantages and often compares him to Deng Yu. When I was young next year, I thought he was just brave and courageous. When I grow up, my knowledge is greatly increased and my strategy is amazing. It can be said that he is second only to Gong Jin, but he just can't compare with his speech and conversation. He plotted to capture Guan Yu. Better than amethyst. Amethyst wrote back to Gu, saying, "When the emperor started, people drove him, but Guan Yu was careless." This is unbearable for Amethyst. On the surface, he just talks big. I forgive him, but I don't blame him too much. March and camp again, which was forbidden. No one in the jurisdiction committed the crime of abandoning his post, and no one answered the road. His governance method is also very good. "
Comments: Cao Cao took advantage of the position and power of the prime minister of the Han Dynasty to seize the son of heaven and destroy the heroes. He just leveled Jingcheng and showed off his strength to Jiangdong. At that time, there was no one who didn't feel suspicious but had two minds. Zhou Yu and Lu Su put forward unique and decisive wise opinions, and they are really wizards above all else. Lu Meng is brave and good at fighting, making decisions and distinguishing soldiers. It is his best policy to deceive Guan Yu. At first, he killed people recklessly and arbitrarily, but in the end, he was able to restrain himself and have the bearing of a national scholar. He's not just a military commander. Sun Quan's comments are fair and appropriate, so they are recorded here.