Lin Jiajun: Textual Research on the Name of Zhuang Tomb
There are three old sayings about the source of famous sentences in Zhuang cemetery: one is "Chu Zhuangwang's Tomb", the other is "Zhuangmu Bridge" and the third is "Zhuangjia Bridge". However, careful textual research and analysis do not seem convincing. We consulted a large number of historical documents and found that the owner of the tomb should be the mother nephew of Princess Chu and King Kao Lie, that is, "the nephew of Princess Chu Zhuang".
On Chu Zhuangwang's grave theory. This is the dominant etymology. "Records of Shouzhou in Guangxu, Qing Dynasty" said: There was a big mound beside the bridge, and Chu bricks were unearthed, which was broken into Chu Zhuangwang's tomb and named Zhuangmu Bridge. There is also an article "Brick of Zhou Tomb" in epigraphy: "There is a tomb bridge 90 miles away from Shoushang in Zhuangshang, named after the tomb. It's a long time ago, the tunnel collapsed, and there were more natives next to it than ancient bricks, so the old rumor has a long history. In the spring of the forty-third year of Qianlong, minister Bi Qiufan made a detour to visit his place, accompanied by secretariat Zhang. Take some bricks and fill them with earth. A friend of Jiaqing Gui You once hid this brick and gave it to him as a gift. There was no written evidence, so he dared not treat it with his ears. However, Wang Junji, who took a break, used to be a secretariat, and the inscription of Yue Zhuan can still be recognized. Bao Jun, an inkstone worker in Xin 'an, was once smashed into bricks in the Eastern Zhou Dynasty, and Gai tasted it as an inkstone for Qiufan Shangshu. Based on this credit, it ranks first among ancient bricks. "
Obviously, this statement seems to be justified, the argument is willing, the evidence is sufficient, and it seems impeccable. "I have no objection to breaking it into Eastern Zhou bricks ... as a credit reference, it is listed as the first ancient brick", but there are still many doubts that the owner of the tomb is Chu Zhuangwang.
Why didn't the previous chronicles say this? The records of Yuanfeng Jiuyu in Song Dynasty only say: Song Dynasty is the tomb bridge along the river in Shouchun County, Shouzhou; Ming Jiajing's "Shouzhou Zhi" contains: "In the Warring States Period, Qin attacked Chu, and the king of Chu Kao Lie moved eastward to Shouchun, and his life was in response. Qin destroyed Chu, and the king of Lu was responsible for it, taking its land as Jiujiang County and setting up Shouchunyi. " However, in the mound tombs, only the tombs of Huainan Wang, Lian Po, Hao Tao, Chun Shenjun, Mi Zijian, Yang Xingmi, Emperor Wu of Song and Cao are listed, but the tombs that are not listed are not listed, which shows that they are noncommittal and uncertain about the tomb. Similarly, in Ming Jiajing's Shouzhou Zhi, Qiaozhi said: "Zhuangjia Bridge is 90 miles southeast." "Jianzhi" said: "Cai urban and rural areas are divided into eight maps: Beilu Bridge Set and Bridge Set." "Qu Yan Pit Pond" says: "Getang, a township along the river, is a hundred miles into the city. The dike is 360 feet long, 360 feet wide and six feet deep. It has four water gates, making four households and four ditches." "Fang Pai" has the motto "Let one party fly, so as to win a Cieply". Qing Qianlong's Shouzhou Zhi is called Zhuangmu Bridge Collection, but it is not called Zhuangmu Bridge, which can also explain the problem. As for the other two theories arising from "misrepresentation", they are far-fetched and have the suspicion of belittling themselves.
Second, Chu Zhuangwang Mausoleum is located in jiangling county, Jingzhou City, Hubei Province. According to the records of Jingzhou and Jiangling counties, Chu Zhuangwang's tomb is located in Xiong Jia's tomb in Xuejiadawa, north of Jishan Temple. It is only about 26 kilometers away from the ruins of Jinan, the ancient capital of Chu, and it is a well-preserved Chu tomb. In August, 2006, with the approval of National Cultural Heritage Administration, Jingzhou carried out a protective archaeological excavation and unearthed a large number of precious cultural relics, including more than 3,000 jade articles.
Since it can be confirmed that the tomb of Zhuang is named after the tomb of Chu, who is the owner of the tomb? Since last year, when we participated in the compilation of the application materials for the Millennium ancient town of Anhui province's geographical name cultural heritage and the work of the second national geographical name census expert group, we concentrated on consulting a large number of documents and materials to find the answer until we found the biography of King Chukauli's Mother, and our eyes suddenly became clear.
"Historical Records of the Chu Family" records: "In the twenty-two years of Chu Gaolie, it was unfavorable to cut Qin with the princes. Chu Dong moved to Shouchun, and his life was ying. " The father of Xiongwan, Kao Lie, thanked Wang for enjoying the pavilion, and the country's situation declined day by day. After all, Wang Xiang was broken, so he first moved to Chen Ying. Zhuang's nephew, the daughter of the monarch of Chu, is twelve years old and worried about the country and the people. He once advised Xiang Wang to be a princess, that is, King Gao Lie of Chu who moved his capital to Shouchun (Biography of Liu Xiang Lienv). In 264 BC, Xiong Wan, king of Kao Lie, ascended the throne, and moved to Shouchun in the first 24 1 year. Zhuang's nephew should be around 60 years old, and there is no record of Zhuang's nephew wandering in the old capital in the history books. He should have moved to Shouchun. Chu lived in Shouchun for nineteen years before being destroyed by Qin. Yuejueshu said that "Shouchun was buried in the east Fuling pit by the princes", and there was no record or discovery of the tomb of Zhuang's nephew around Shouchun. Zhuangmu is located in Sungang, 90 miles southeast of Shouxian County and 20 miles north of Zhuangmu Town. The tomb owner stepped on the water, his head was high and his head was high. It can be described as a land of feng shui, and it is undoubtedly the tomb of Zhuang's nephew.
My nephew said to him, "My daughters in counties and cities also want to hide their words from the king, for fear of being blocked, so they can't see anything. The king traveled five hundred miles because of his signs. "
King Qi said, "Why did Zi leave me?"
The nephew said to him, "A big fish lost its water, a dragon lost its tail, and the wall was about to collapse, so the king ignored it."
The king said, "I don't know."
My nephew said to him, "If the big fish loses water, the king will be 500 miles away from the country, enjoying the past and not thinking about future disasters. He who has a dragon without a tail is forty years old without a gentleman. Without strong support, the country will be in danger. If the wall is about to collapse, the king will ignore it, and the disaster will succeed, and the king will not change. "
The king said, "What is it?"
My nephew said, "Wang Hao is so exposed, he doesn't show mercy to the public, and he goes out when he advances, but his eyes and ears are not working." During the Spring and Autumn Period, there was no prince, and the country did not have strong support, and the external collapse was bad. Qiang Qin arranged the king among the people, so that the king would not change. This day is very worthwhile. Now is a disaster, is the king. If you swim five hundred miles, the king will go, and the country is not a kingdom. "
The king said, "Why?"
My nephew said, "That's why there are three difficulties and five problems."
The king said, "What are the five evils?"
My nephew said, "It's also a curse to see the vast city across from the palace; Embroidered clothes on the palace wall, the people are brown, and the second is bitter; Excessive luxury, exhaustion of the country, and three diseases; There are four major problems: the people are not living well, the horses are more than enough; There are five problems when evil ministers are in the side and sages are out of date. Wang has five problems, so he has three difficulties. "
Qi Weiwang said, "You speak very well!" ! "At the end of my life, I will put it in the car, and then I will return to this country. The door has been closed and the opponent has decided. Wang Naifa sent his troops to attack it, only to win it. Is a nephew for his wife, located on the right side of Zheng Zixiu, for Wang Chen thrifty love the people, Chu will be strong again.
The gentleman said that although Zhuang's nephew violated the ceremony, he kept it right. The poem says: "The north wind is whistling, the rain and snow are raining, you are good to me, and we will go home together." This is also called.
Ode: Chuchuzhuang's nephew, though a girl, met the king with his brand. When Chen Guo was in trouble, he made the king three times difficult and five times heavy. The king carried him home and finally made contributions.
Wang Daokun's comments on the engraving in Wanli period of Ming Dynasty said: Ganluo's twelve characters are the phase, and today Gu Yan says he is also a strange man. Zhuang's nephew, a 10-year-old girl, listed Chu as a hidden matter like a candle, suffering from five difficulties and three difficulties, that is, the old man with yellow hair, who did not access the national system. Chen said, if it is, and Zhuang's nephew can do it, if the cloud sage is not straight, the car will be loaded and he will be a wife. Feiyun is very lucky. When Zhang Yi was in Chu Huaiwang, he cheated many times, and the king of Chu tried to kill him. Why is this still affected? Zheng Zixiu, Wang Huai's favorite, won two gold medals because of what Zhang Yi did, and taught her to cover her nose and stink at the king and kill Zhao Nv. Trang Van's nephew is on his right, but he thinks it's wrong. Because Song Yu tasted Gaotang, the trip to Tang seems to be gone.