Who is Wei Yan in the Three Kingdoms?
Liu Bei entered Sichuan, and Wei Yan was promoted to general yamen because of his meritorious military service. Liu Bei captured Hanzhong, was promoted to Zhenyuan general and Hanzhong satrap, and became an independent general, guarding Hanzhong for ten years. After Liu Bei ascended the throne, he worshipped General Zhenbei. Accompanied by Zhuge Liang's Northern Expedition, he worshipped Liangzhou secretariat and made Hou Ting his capital. He once spent a lot of money on Yao and Guo Huai in Yangxi. I intend to lead the military forces to attack Guanzhong through the meridian passage, imitate the story of Han Xin, and meet Zhuge Liang in Tongguan, which was opposed by cautious Zhuge Liang.
Wei Yan fought bravely and aloof, and was at odds with Yang Yi, who has a long history. After Zhuge Liang's death, the contradiction between them intensified, Wei Yan was defeated, pursued by Ma Dai, and the three clans were wiped out.
Character life editor
Wei Yan is famous.
In the 16th year of Jian 'an (2 1 1), at the invitation of Liu Zhang, Liu Bei went to Sichuan to help Liu Zhang fight Zhang Lu, Wei Yan fought Liu Bei in Sichuan with a trilogy, and Liu Beijun went north to fight Zhang Lu, and was stationed at Jia Meng Pass.
In the seventeenth year of Jian 'an (2 12), Liu Bei broke with Liu Zhang, rose up and attacked Liu Zhang, and sent him, Zhuo Ying and Huang Zhong to occupy Fucheng. At that time, Liu Beijun was dissatisfied with thousands of soldiers and had no food alone, but Liu Zhang refused to clear the field, and sent Liu Gui, Zhang Ren, Lingbao, Deng Xian, Wu Yi and other generals to lead the elite to stop Liu Beijun, which was defeated. [2]?
In the 19th year of Jian 'an (2 14), Wei Yan and Liu Bei conquered the important town of Los Angeles and surrounded Chengdu with Zhuge Liang and Zhang Fei.
Wei Yan guarded Hanzhong
In the 24th year of Jian 'an (2 19), Liu Bei called himself the King of Hanzhong in Mianyang, and made Chengdu his home, so he left Hanzhong as a university student. At that time, most people thought that Zhang Fei should be the governor of Hanzhong, and Zhang Fei also felt that this position belonged to himself. However, Liu Bei unexpectedly promoted Wei Yan to be the governor of Hanzhong and the governor of Hanzhong, and from the general of Yamen to the general of Zhenyuan. Hearing this, the whole army was shocked. One day, Liu Bei's ministers asked Wei Yan, "Do you have anything to say about appointing you to this important position?" Wei Yanqing replied: "If Cao Cao comes with the strength of the country, I request that he be stopped from becoming king. If he comes with a hundred thousand troops, I request that he be annexed as king. " Liu Bei was very satisfied after hearing this, and the ministers also praised Wei Yan's words. [3]?
In the first year of Zhangwu (22 1), Liu Bei proclaimed himself emperor, established himself, and made Wei the general of Zhenbei.
In April of the first year of lite (223), Liu Bei died, and in May, Liu Yuxin ascended the throne, with Wei Yan as the capital. [4]?
Wei Yan made outstanding contributions.
In the fifth year of Jianxing (227), Zhuge Liang moved to Hanzhong to prepare for the Northern Expedition, and promoted Wei Yan as Prime Minister Sima and Liangzhou Secretariat.
In the eighth year of Jianxing (230), Cao Wei's Third Route Army attacked Hanshu-Hanzhong area, but the two routes retreated due to heavy rain. At this time, Wei Yan also led a partial division to explore Qiang in the west and attack Liangzhou area of Cao Wei. Wei Yan led his troops to Yangxi area and met the troops of Fei Yao, the general of Cao Wei, and Guo Huai, the general of Yongzhou. When the two armies fought, Wei Yan defeated Fei Yao and Guo Huai. Wei Yan won a great victory, was promoted to a former strategist and general of the Western Expedition, and was granted a holiday, making him the marquis of Nanzheng. [5]?
In the ninth year of lite (23 1), Zhuge Liang made the fourth northern expedition and confronted Sima Yi. According to "Hanshu Jin Shu Chun Qiu", Sima Yi ordered Zhang Henan to levy Wang Ping and personally led the main force to fight Zhuge Liang head-on. Zhuge Liang ordered Wei Yan, Gao Xiang and Wu Ban to fight, and Wei Bing was defeated, winning the first three thousand ranks, while Sima Yi kept the camp. [6]?
In the 10th year of lite (232), Wei Yan was at odds with Ada, and his words were empty. Zhuge Liang accused Ada, and Ada later apologized.
Wei Xiang put forward a strange plan.
Every time Wei Yan went north with the army, he asked Zhuge Liang to lead ten thousand troops for him. Another way, in Tongguan, Zhuge Liang finally joined hands, just like the example of Han Xin, a general in the former Han Dynasty, but Zhuge Liang never allowed it, so Wei Yan often said that Zhuge Liang was timid and hated his talents. [7]? According to Wei Lue, a supplement to the History of the Three Kingdoms, Wei Yan put forward a proposal at Zhuge Liang's military meeting during the first Northern Expedition. Because Xia Houmao, commander-in-chief of Chang 'an, was too timid to plan, he was willing to invite five thousand chosen men to take Chang 'an directly from Meridian Valley, thinking that Xia Houmao would definitely abandon the city and flee, but Zhuge Liang thought the plan was dangerous. [8]?
Wei Yanshan is brave in raising soldiers, but he is extremely arrogant and evil, and everyone avoids it. Only Yang Yi despises Wei Yan and becomes incompatible with him. Wei Yan even tried to kill Yang Yi with a knife several times. Zhuge Liang cherishes them very much, and Fei Yi often intercedes for them. [9]?
Wei Yan was brutally killed.
In the 12th year of Jianxing (234), Zhuge Liang made the fifth northern expedition, with Wei Yan as the vanguard. He dreamed that he had horns on his head, so he asked the dreamer Zhao Zhi. Zhao Zhi said, "Husband Kirin has horns and doesn't use them. Just like a thief wants to break himself without fighting. " He stepped back and said to people, "horn is a word that can be used under the knife." It's fierce to use a knife on your head. " [ 10]?
In the autumn of the same year, Zhuge Liang became seriously ill, and retired after secretly fighting to the death with Yang Yi, Sima and Jiang Wei, the supervisor, so that Wei Yan delayed or disobeyed orders. The secret of Zhuge Liang's death is not to send out mourning. Yang Yi sent Fei Yi to find out Wei Yan's intentions. Wei Yan replied, "Although the Prime Minister is dead, I still have him. How can I ignore the world events because of a person's death? Besides, who am I, Wei Yan? How can I be at the mercy of Yang Yi and be a general? "
Army as Yang yi slowly retreat. Wei Yan was furious and worked hard day and night to get ahead of Yang Yijun, burning pavilions wherever he passed. Yang Yi and Wei Yan both said that the other party had defected. Liu Chan asked Jiang Wan and Dong Yun who wanted to arise. Both Dong and Jiang promised that Yang Yi suspected Wei Yan. Wei Yanxian occupied Nangukou and led an army to attack Yang Yi's army. Yang Yi ordered Wang Ping to resist Wei Yan. Wang Ping scolded Wei Yan's pioneer: "Zhuge Gang, the Prime Minister, has just died, but his bones are not cold. How dare you! ? "Knowing that Wei Yan was wrong, the army did not listen to Wei Yan's orders, and the birds and animals were scattered. Only Wei Yan and his son fled to Hanzhong. Yang Yi sent Ma Dai after Wei Yan, beheaded him and presented his head to Yang Yi. Yang Yi stepped on Wei Yan's head with her foot and scolded, "You slave! Can you do evil again? " So Wei Yan's three clans were wiped out. [ 1 1]?
"The History of the Three Kingdoms" records: "Those who did not surrender to Wei in the north and returned to the south wanted to kill Yi." Hao Jing of the Yuan Dynasty believed that Yang Yi "killed a general in a rage and deserved it".
The above is the record of the biography of Chen Shou, the author of The Three Kingdoms. However, according to Wei Lue quoted by Pei, Wei Yan was entrusted with military power by Zhuge Liang. Yang Yi was afraid that Wei Yan would take the opportunity to harm the other side, so she made a rumor that Wei Yan would go north to defect and send troops to attack. However, Wei Yan, who was framed, was afraid of war and innocent, so he only fled without fighting and was finally hunted down. Pei Songzhi thinks this statement is a rumor made by Cao Wei. In contrast, The History of the Three Kingdoms written by Shu Han and Chen Shou is more credible. [ 12]?
Wei Yan's main achievements
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Go to Shu with Liu Bei and join hands with Huang Zhong to pacify Guanghan County. Liu Bei said that the king of Hanzhong was responsible for guarding Hanzhong. Zhuge Liang put forward a clever plan for the Meridian Valley during the first Northern Expedition. The battle of Yangxi defeated Guo Huai and Fei Yao. During the Fourth Northern Expedition, Zhuge Liang, under the command of Zhuge Liang, defeated Sima Yi with Gao Xiang and Wu Ban in the battle of Lucheng, and achieved the first three thousand results.
Wei Yan's character evaluation
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Sun Quan: Yang Yi and Wei Yan have been chasing the villains. Although they tasted the benefits of barking, they let it go, and the situation was not light. Without Zhuge Liang, it would be a disaster.
Yang: Wen Chang is a tough guy, fearless in times of crisis, and breaks through to protect his family. If you disagree, you forget to talk nonsense, and when you get sick, you regret the beginning, but it's just embarrassing. [ 13]?
Chen Shou: Yan Shan raised his foot soldiers and was brave and arrogant, so he avoided it at that time. ""Wei Yan is brave, salty and precious. Look at its actions, trace its laws, and take the blame for trouble, all by yourself. [ 14]?
Zhang Dan: To be clear, the monarch has no intention, and the general has no intention. However, the discussant will bring forth new ideas, which may not be wonderful. And Han Xin's move is not the old name; This letter was not written by the old general; Lu Meng's progress is not an ancient honor; Wei Yan's use is not the old virtue. Cover the king's move, for impermanence, can grant great things.
Pei Songzhi: From today's point of view, they are all based on unnecessary delay. Whenever soldiers move, help the enemy's Lord and know the enemy's generals. Those who don't have to postpone the plan will help Wei Zhu understand, but Sima Yi should not be underestimated. Brett wanted to win Long Youping, but he didn't get it. If he wants to try his luck, he will go to Xianyang West!
Li Miao: Every time I read Shu Shu, I see Wei Yan's invitation to leave Chang 'an, but Zhuge refused, lamenting that there was no clever plan.
Wei: Talents have been born in the world, and the world also needs talents. Why not be brilliant? What is talent, not wealth? Therefore, without things, there is no time without things; You don't need a scholar. Without a scholar, there is no era. People with lofty ideals, rich and poor, all want to make contributions to the future, but knowing ourselves and knowing ourselves is rare. Those who are pregnant with a scholar simmer in the dust and hold the building dry and gully, while those who are at leisure see the scholar's poverty and know his strategy! So, Korea worshipped Han Xin and raised the army to laugh; Shu used Wei Yan, and the ministers looked forward to it. It is easy for the rich to do good deeds, but it is difficult for the poor to do good deeds.
Where to go: Every time Shu Shi went out to war, Wei Yan often asked for thousands of troops and horses to win by surprise in other ways. Liang Fan refused and was deeply angry. Kong Ming gave six, and Gai tasted it. It is said that Xiegu attacked Qishan in order to surprise wei ren. Once it falls to its three counties, it will be a big earthquake. If a soldier breaks the law and loses his teacher, he can't waste it on soldiers, and it happens! But Kong doesn't do this, which is sharper than moving the masses, and it is especially wise to use it, alas! This is not Tang Wu's teacher, but an evil husband who died unexpectedly and lost all his people. Can you repeat it? [ 15]?
Cheng: Wei Yan is brave. He wants to make a difference with the great army. Kongming believed his words, knowing that Sanqin would never return to Han? [ 16]?
Hu Yin: Winning is just a trick. The plan of procrastination can be very clear. And Kong Ming didn't follow. Or Kong Ming is longer than the general in governing the country; Or Kong Ming suspects that he dare not appoint him.
Hong Mai: Wei Yan wanted to hire 10,000 soldiers when he went out with the public, but he wanted to hire 5,000 soldiers to go east along the Qinling Mountains to Chang 'an, thinking that Xianyang West could make a decision in one fell swoop. Mitchell said that the public thought there was no need for dangerous plans, but this was not the case. Gong Zhen's so-called vigilante group does not need deception or scheming, but it will be built by hundreds of thousands of people in accordance with the right path, pointing at Dewey and telling them about the flying book. Pick a day to play together, so you can't go back and steal. Once it is done, it will belong to Xianyang!
Chen Pu: You can't be a feather. How dare Wei Yan compete with Huaiyin?
Lu Wengui: Wei Yan and Yang Yi, two handsome guys. Everyone is jealous, but who is right? Kong Ming cherishes his talents and has never neglected them. Weinan turned back and the teacher was thousands of miles away. Around the courtiers, Wei was harmed by Yang. Yang is not allowed to die, so Jiang Weibei will use it later. Shu actually died and gave up Wargo. Ai's father admired his achievements and received the bell. Four people are * * *, all in order to avoid failure. Home country is just a warning. [ 17]?
Wang Fuzhi: Wei Yan, please go straight to Chang 'an from Zilulu Valley and join the army. Zhuge made a detour out of the mountain and went to Qishan West to protect Qin Long and Indiana Jones. Gaudi left the plank road, went out of Chen Cang, and took the Sanqin by surprise. The Sanqin trend dispersed, and it shook his back, but Wei Yi was there.
Wang Yingxu: When Zhuge Wuhou attacked Cao Wei, Wei Yan boasted that he had taken advantage of Chang 'an, which was regarded as eternal hatred on paper. However, military strategists are taboo and attack from afar. Moreover, Cao Wei's talent is not enough to be with their enemies, but more than enough to be with them. In other words, from the perspective of street kiosks, we may not be able to delay talents. If you violate temperance, you will be defeated by Zhang He. The situation attacked people thousands of miles away. In case someone close to him refuses to go forward or violates it, isn't that a business at the expense of national prestige? Wei Yan's plan, the so-called adventure, is also for backup.
Mao Heting: Wei Yan's opposition is also unjust. He is too conceited, sighing and hating his talents, which are inexhaustible. So Zhuge said after his death (quoted in the extension, omitted here). Gai wants to send Qi Tian to protect the Prime Minister's funeral and leave Weinan to fight Sima. His talent was not as good as Zhuge's, and he revived the heart of the Han Dynasty, just like Zhuge. But Yang Yisu and Yan are not equal. If he doesn't want to go down, he leads the camp to pay back the money, and then he gets angry. He will go back to the south first and burn the plank road so that Yi can't come back. This is to show the anger of the dynasty and forget the great events in your country. At the end of Yanchuan Biography, Chen Shou said,' The original meaning of extension was not to send Wei from the north to the south, but to kill the instrument and so on. On weekdays, generals are different, and when it comes to time, they must be replaced by light ones. This means that if it is inconvenient, it will be betrayed. "It's worth it. There are few talents in Shu, and their fame is extended. The Great Wall is self-destructive, and meat is better than food! [ 18- 19]?
Wei Yan temple tomb memorial hall
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Wei Yan Wei Yan Temple
Wei Yan Temple is located.
Wei yanci
Baique Village, Sanquan Township, Zitong County, Mianyang City, Sichuan Province, leaves Zitong County in the west, and walks about15km from Zitong to Jiangyou Anzi Road to Baique Village, Sanquan Township. Not far along the village road, you will see the stone tablet of "Wei Yan Temple" on the roadside. Walking up the stone steps of Baiqiong, you will see an antique building hidden in pines and cypresses. This is Weiyan Temple.
Wei Yan Temple is located on Jinggangping at the east foot of Changshengmen Village, Qianfoyan, Wolong Mountain. Ziwo (Zitong-Wolong Town) Highway passes in front of the temple, and Jiawei River winds eastward in the north. Temple week, the environment is quiet.
It is said that there are many surnames in the miles of Weiyan Temple, except Wei, but in front of the temple.
Wei Yan temple stele
There is a Jiawei River. According to the memories of local octogenarians, there are three stone tablets in front of the original Weijiahe Temple east of Weijiahe, one of which is engraved with "Wei Yan led the troops here".
Legend has it that in the seventh year of Jianxing (AD 23 1 year), when Zhuge Liang led the army to the Northern Expedition for the fourth time, the army was stationed in Zhuge Village, Wolong Mountain, and Wei Yan led his troops to Jinggangshan, Henan Province, which is now Wei's hometown, and became a corner, making countermeasures consistent with Zhuge Liang's cautious use of troops.
It was said that it was very hot at that time. Wei Yan found a large flock of birds gathered in a mountain forest and decided to stay there. As bird droppings kept falling, officers and men had to cook at a place a little far from the Woods. However, no water source was found. A large flock of sparrows gathered above Wei Yan's troops, and the frightened soldiers planned to blow them away. Wei Yan also saw a large flock of sparrows, but he found a white sparrow among them and was attracted by it. He chased the white sparrow to a rocky field. Suddenly, the white sparrow miraculously disappeared into a crack in the rock. Wei Yan was very surprised. He tried to push the rock. Unexpectedly, rocks collapsed and springs gushed out. It turns out that there is a groundwater under the rock. The officers and men found the water source for cooking and bathing, and the local farmers who had been suffering from drought for a long time were also very happy. They call this groundwater the Wei Yan River. It is said that at that time, Wei Yan often wore a war shirt, led a war horse and held a broadsword to drink horses by the river.
Later, in order to remember the history of Wei Yan in the army, people built the Weijiahe Temple by the Wei Yan River and put it by the river.
Wei Yan Temple Wei Yan Statue
A small bridge was built and named "Jiangjun Bridge". Weijiahe Temple was destroyed in 1968, and the stone tablet engraved with "Wei Yan led the troops here" disappeared. However, Jiangjunqiao still exists today, but it is not in the water at ordinary times. You can see this bridge every June and July when the water recedes.
It is said that there was a Weiyan Temple in Jinggangping history, and later the government ordered its demolition. Contemporary Wei Yan Temple was rebuilt on 1995. Wei Yan Temple is magnificent, in the middle, with a statue of Wei Yan, majestic and powerful, quite like a general. The plaque of Weiyan Temple was inscribed by Mr. Shen Bojun, executive vice president of the Romance Society of the Three Kingdoms in China. In the corridor of the ancestral hall, there are three stone tablets, which are engraved with "Brief Introduction of Yan in Hou Wei, Nanzheng", "Wei Yan Garrison Certification Monument" and "Investigation of Wei Yan Ancestral Hall" respectively.
On the left side of the main hall of Wei Yan Temple is a Taoist temple. There are some statues of Taoist figures, including Wang Lingguan, the patron saint of Taoism, and Laozi, the founder of Taoism.
On the upper right of Wei Yan Temple, there are Wenchang Palace and Giant Buddha Hall. In the Great Buddha Hall, there are statues of Buddha III and eighteen arhats. [20]?
Weiyan hometown
Wei Yan's hometown-Tongbai, Henan
Wei Yan, a famous soldier of the Three Kingdoms, recorded in Biography of Wei Yan: "Wei Yan (? -234 years), the word length, Yiyang, Zhangzhou. " Ci Hai: "Wei Yan was born in Yiyang (now Tongbai County, Henan Province) during the Three Kingdoms period."
Wei Yan's hometown is on the Jia Wei River in Guxian Town, Tongbai County, Nanyang City, Henan Province. Weigang Village and xiaohe village in Guxian Town are villages named after Wei. There are Wei ancestral temple ruins and horse nails in the village. And there are still a lot of folklore to test.
Wei Yan's hometown, Jia Weihe, has an ancient and magnificent landform. It is a scenic pearl of full of green at the junction of Henan Province and Hubei Province. It is separated from Hongshiqiao Township in Suizhou, Hubei Province by a river, and it is divided into southern Hubei and northern Henan provinces. Beautiful mountains and rivers, antique.
Wei Yan cemetery
Wei Yan was sent by Yang Yi to kill Ma Dai outside the north gate of Hanzhong, and was buried in Shi Ma Po (or Shimayan) 2 kilometers north of Hanzhong. The tomb has long been flat, except for 1 Shima, which was moved to Hanzhong Museum in 1973. Shimayuan is about 1 50m in front of surnamed tang's house in Huangjiatang Village, shima town City, Hanzhong City, with1jujube tree. [2 1]?
Wei Yan's Artistic Image
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Wei Yan's Literary Image
In the novel Romance of the Three Kingdoms, Wei Yan's appearance is very positive. At the 41st session, Liu Beijun was forced to Xiangyang by Cao Cao. Liu Cong listened to Cai Mao and refused to let Liu Bei enter the city. At that time, Wei Yan stepped forward and opened the city gate to invite Liu Bei's army into the city, but Liu Bei decided not to enter the city so as not to disturb the people. Later, after Wei Yan went to war with Wen Pin, Coulee took refuge in Changsha magistrate Han Xuan. [22]?
Various images of Wei Yan (22 photos)
Later, Guan Yu attacked Changsha and fought against the general Huang Zhong. Han Xuan thought that Huang Zhong was ineffective in fighting and wanted to kill him. On the one hand, Wei Yan resented Han Xuan for not reusing him, on the other hand, he was outraged, so he led his ministers to kill Han Xuan and surrender to Liu Beijun. But as soon as he got to Liu Bei's camp, Zhuge Liang judged that he was unfaithful and wanted to be executed. Thanks to Liu Bei's pleading, he gave up. [23]? After that, Liu Bei led the army into Shu, and Wei Yan went with the army. At the banquet in Liu Zhang, he got up and danced sword at the behest of Pang Tong, intending to take advantage of a loophole to assassinate Liu Zhang, but was stopped by Liu Zhang. When attacking Luocheng, he was caught in a bitter battle, but was saved by Huang Zhong. Ma Chao attacked Jia Mengguan, went to battle, defeated Ma Dai, and Ma Dai, who turned the defeat into victory, was wounded with an arrow. He was ordered to help Zhang Fei in the Battle of Wakouguan. In the battle of Hanzhong, he ignored Cao Cao's surrender and shot him, but he was killed by Pound. After the war, he was appointed as the satrap of Hanzhong. After Liu Bei's death, Wei Yan followed Zhuge Liang to quell Meng Huo's rebellion. Zhuge Liang put forward the strategy of "Woods Valley" during the Northern Expedition, but it was not adopted by Zhuge Liang. Therefore, when he was ordered to attack Ji Gu, he ignored Zhuge Liang's military orders and almost failed. When Zhuge Liang prayed to the sky to prolong his life, he reported the news of the enemy's invasion and accidentally knocked over the main light, which led to Zhuge Liang's prayer failing. On his deathbed, Zhuge Liang ordered Yang Yi to lead an army. Wei Yan was dissatisfied with this. After Zhuge Liang's death, he led an army to counterattack Yang Yi, and Yang Yi provoked Wei Yan according to Zhuge Liang's teachings. Wei Yan was killed by Ma Dai after shouting "Who dares to kill me". [24]?
Wei Yan's role in China's traditional operas has the characteristics of a purple cross.