Little knowledge in the Three Kingdoms
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../ There are 1191 famous people with surnames in The Romance of the Three Kingdoms, including 436 military commanders, 451 civil servants, 128 royal descendants, empresses and eunuchs from Han, Three Kingdoms and Jin, and 176 others. Since Emperor Zhang of the Han Dynasty, the Eastern Han Dynasty has been in a power struggle between the eunuch group and the consorts group, and the mutual struggle between the two groups has formed a unique political situation in the Eastern Han Dynasty. Every transfer of power was accompanied by large-scale killings, which seriously weakened the power of the Eastern Han Empire.
In 184 AD, an unprecedented peasant uprising led by three brothers Zhang Jiao broke out in China. In the Eastern Han Dynasty, in order to suppress the Yellow turban insurrectionary uprising, on the one hand, it delegated power to Zhou Mu and Tai Shou, on the other hand, it acquiesced and supported the landlord class to organize private armed forces to fight against the insurgents. After nearly a year of fighting, the Yellow Scarf Army was basically suppressed.
However, after the Yellow Scarf Uprising, * * * in the Eastern Han Dynasty was far away. In addition, the power was devolved to the state and county levels and the landlord class was allowed to have private armed forces. The shepherds and satraps in all continents have paid tribute to their troops, and local strongmen have formed the same body of interests for the sake of * * *, and elected a respected or capable dock commander. The Eastern Han regime has existed in name only. In 189 AD, Emperor Ling died and Liu Bian acceded to the throne; Eunuchs and consorts launched a new round of power struggle. In order to win a decisive victory in the power struggle, He Jin listened to Yuan Shao's suggestion and recruited soldiers from all directions and heroes to enter Beijing, resulting in Dong Zhuo's chaos. Local forces used the excuse of crusade against Dong Zhuo, and recruited soldiers one after another. Later, Wang Yunji killed Dong Zhuo, and the warlords in Xiliang once again took control of the political power and fought each other. In order to seize the territory, warlords from all over the world have crossed swords, and troubled times have officially come.
In 196 AD, Cao Cao, who was entrenched in Zhou, defeated Lu Bu, listened to the opinions of his subordinates, opened up wasteland, and welcomed Xian Di to the west, gaining unparalleled political advantages. Later, he defeated Liu Bei, Yuan Shu, Lu Bu, etc., and occupied Zhou, Sili and parts of Xuzhou and Qingzhou. Yuan Shao of Hebei also conquered Yijing, completely eliminated the warlord Gongsun Zan, occupied most of Yizhou, Youzhou, Bingzhou and Qingzhou, and became the biggest separatist force; Sun Ce of Jiangdong defeated Xu Gong, Wang Lang and others successively, occupied Huiji, Danyang, Wujun and other places, and established himself in Jiangdong. Liu Biao of Jingzhou, Liu Yan of Yizhou, and Liu Zhang and his son have also become strong competitors among warlords.
In 2 AD, Yuan Shao selected 1, elite infantry and more than 1, cavalry, and went south to compete with Cao Cao, a young friend. Cao Cao killed Yuan Shaoyong's generals Yan Liang and Wen Chou, and then led his troops to Guandu. Yuan Shao couldn't tear Cao Cao's defense line in the frontal battlefield, and at the same time, he launched the second battlefield in Qingzhou, Bingzhou and Runan behind Cao Cao, which was disintegrated one by one by Cao Cao. After that, Cao Cao set fire to the military supplies such as rations put by Yuan Shaotun in Wuchao. Yuan Shao's generals Zhang He and Gao Lan surrendered to Cao Cao, and Yuan Jun's morale was completely lost. Cao Cao took the opportunity to launch a big counterattack, killing more than 1, people and taking more than 7, prisoners.
Later, Yuan Shao was devastated, and his second son fought for the position, so Cao Cao took advantage of it. In 27 AD, Cao Cao made an expedition to Wuwan, and unexpectedly won the victory, pacifying the north and becoming the most powerful warlord in one fell swoop. Jiangdong Sun Ce prepared to sneak attack Xuchang when Cao Cao and Yuan Shao fought a decisive battle. Unexpectedly, when he was stepping up planning, he was assassinated by an assassin and was seriously injured. His brother Sun Quan acceded to the throne, which strengthened the development of the South.
In 28 AD, Liu Biao, a Jingzhou animal husbandry, died of illness, and his youngest son Liu Cong became a Jingzhou animal husbandry with the support of local strongmen Kuai Liang, Kuai Yue brothers and uncle Cai Mao. Liu Bei and Jiangdong Sun Quan, who lived in Liu Biao, also stepped up their efforts to rob Jingzhou. After Cao Cao knew that Liu Biao had died, he immediately led 5 elite cavalry, traveling day and night, traveling south to rob Jingzhou; And defeated Liu Bei who fled south in nagasaka; Liu cong surrendered, and Cao Cao detained most of Jingzhou. In order to fight against Cao Cao, Sun Quan and Liu Bei joined forces to fight against Cao Cao. In November 28, Cao Cao led an army of 14, to 5,, and marched into Chibi by land and water, opposing Sun Liu's allied forces.
Zhou Yu used Huang Gai's plan to set fire to Cao Cao's serial ships. In addition, Cao Jun was not acclimatized and was defeated, and all the water troops surrendered by Jingzhou died or surrendered. Cao Cao lost the water army and some of his own troops, and his sharp rise was severely hit. From then on, he devoted himself to the north.
In the late period of Battle of Red Cliffs, Zhou Yu and Cao Ren fought fiercely in the south county. Liu Bei seized the opportunity to seize four counties in the south of Jingzhou, and sent Guan Yu north to attack Xiangyang, which was defeated by the garrison general Le Jin. After a year of struggle, Coss had to be ordered to withdraw to Xiangyang, completely losing his stronghold in the south; At the same time, Sun Quan's attack from Hefei was also defeated by Cao Jun. In 211 AD, Liu Bei listened to the advice of counselors Pang Tong and Zhuge Liang, left Guan Yu to guard Jingzhou, and led his army to resist Zhang Lu and enter Sichuan for profit. After three years of struggle, Yizhou was finally seized.
since then, the situation of tripartite confrontation among the three countries has basically taken shape. In 214 AD, Cao Cao attacked Zhang Lu under the pretext of provoking the separatist forces in Guanzhong, such as Ma Chao and Han Sui, to openly rebel. Cao Cao took the opportunity to destroy the Guanzhong forces and captured Zhang Lu, a separatist regime in Hanzhong; Liu Bei was afraid that Cao Cao would seize the opportunity to attack Chengdu and immediately retreated to Sun Quan.
In 218 AD, after taking Sanba, Liu Bei personally led the main force to the north to compete for Hanzhong, killing Xia Houyuan, the commander of Hanzhong. Cao Cao had to personally go to the front line of Hanzhong to direct operations, and he could not recover the defeat. He had to quit Hanzhong and lost his stronghold to March into Yizhou. The forces of the three countries reached a balance, and the tripartite confrontation situation officially appeared. In 219 AD, Guan Yu, inspired by Liu Bei's victory in capturing Hanzhong, sent troops to attack Xiangyang. When a flash flood broke out, Cao Jun was inundated with seven reinforcements and surrounded Xiangyang and Fancheng. Cao Cao immediately sent Xu Huang to lead the rescue of Coss, and at the same time reached a short alliance with Sun Quan. Xu Huang defeated Guan Yu outside Xiangyang City. Sun Quan took Lu Meng as the commander-in-chief, attacked Nanjun, and used political means to consolidate his rule in Jingzhou and capture and kill Guan Yu who tried to escape. It completely shattered Liu Bei's strategy of using Nanjun as a stronghold to attack Xiangyang in the north and seize the opportunity to March into the Central Plains.
In 22 AD, Cao Cao died of illness, and Cao Pi ascended the throne. In the same year, he proclaimed himself emperor with the title of Wei. In 221, Liu Bei proclaimed himself emperor with the title of Han; In 229, Sun Quan proclaimed himself emperor, with the title of Wu; The three kingdoms officially appeared. In A.D. 222, Liu Bei sent generals Wu Ban and Chen Shi Du Shui Jun into Yiling area to lock the west bank of Jiangdong. Lead the main infantry by yourself, and prepare to retake Nanjun.
Sun Quan failed to reach a peace agreement, so he appointed Lu Xun as the commander-in-chief, led 5, troops, laid siege to Yiling, stopped Liu Bei's army, and took advantage of the long-term advantages of Liu Bei's supply line. Liu Bei failed to fight, his morale was declining day by day, and the weather was hot, so he relaxed his guard; Lu Xun to take advantage of this favorable situation, first.
2. All the knowledge about the Romance of the Three Kingdoms
1. The Romance of the Three Kingdoms is written by Luo Guanzhong, a novelist in the late Yuan and early Ming Dynasties.
This novel is the highest achievement of China's ancient historical novels. Described the historical story between 184-28 AD, starting from the Yellow Scarf Uprising and finally the unification of the Western Jin Dynasty.
It focuses on the military, political and diplomatic struggles among the feudal ruling groups in the Three Kingdoms period. Through these struggles, the author revealed the darkness and decay of the society at that time, condemned the cruelty and ugliness of the ruling class, reflected the disasters and sufferings of the people in the war, and also showed their desire to oppose war division and demand peaceful reunification.
second, the opening words of the famous works are: It is said that the general trend of the world, if it is divided for a long time, it will be divided. Third, the idioms from this book: three visits to the thatched cottage, the fledgling cottage, exploring the bag and taking things, full of ideas, bright eyes and good eyes, dying, saving money, and belittling yourself.
Fourth, the personality characteristics of the main characters, the main plot: Cao Cao (traitor) (traitor) is insidious, suspicious and treacherous, but he is ambitious, cherishes talents, is thirsty for talents, and is excellent in military and political affairs. He is a doer and a hero in the Romance of the Three Kingdoms. Related plot: Slaughtering the Lubo family, cutting Dong Zhuo and chopping Cai Mao Zhang Yun, cooking wine in childhood to talk about heroes, making princes with the help of the emperor, and Yang Xiuzhi's death, Liu Bei (lean) was benevolent and kind, courteous and virtuous, with the wind of a gentleman, emotional, and not outstanding in the military, but won the hearts of the people.
3. Important knowledge points of the Romance of the Three Kingdoms
1. Author Luo Guanzhong, a novelist of the Ming Dynasty, was born in the late Yuan Dynasty and early Ming Dynasty (about 133-about 14), with a famous book and a well-known character.
Second, the main content "Romance of the Three Kingdoms" is a historical novel. China's first chapter-by-chapter historical novel mainly describes the war, which can be roughly divided into five parts: the Yellow Scarf Rebellion, Dong Zhuo's Rebellion, competing with each other, the Three Kingdoms' separation and the Three Kingdoms' return to Jin. On a broad background, a series of ups and downs and magnificent war scenes were staged, and more than 1, characters were successfully portrayed, among which Cao Cao, Liu Bei, Sun Quan, Zhuge Liang, Zhou Yu, Guan Yu, Zhang Fei and Zhao Yun were well-known, and they did not treat the historical descriptions of all parties in the way of enemy-enemy narration, which had a far-reaching impact on later generations.
Third, the main characters and personality 1. Zhuge Liang: Personality: Zhuge Liang's ability to govern the country and the army, helping the world and loving the people, being modest and prudent, is the embodiment of wisdom and the representative of loyalty, and deified it into a superman image of a demigod. Lu Xun commented: "Zhuge Liang's wisdom is close to the devil."
Plot: Burning Bowang, Burning Xinye Chibi, Fighting San Qi, Zhou Yu, Capturing Yizhou, Eight Arrays, Trapping Lu Xun, Seven Captions, Seven Captions, Seven Captions, Seven Vertical Units, Taking Qi Zhi, Taking Three Counties, Scolding Wang Lang, Breaking Qiang's Empty City, Surprising Chen Cang, Burning the Valley above, 2. Liu Bei: Personality: First, loving the virtuous and being kind to talents; Second, the nature is good, and the people are like children; The third is to be generous to others, not to ask for perfection. Plot: crusade against the yellow turban insurrectionary, save Dong Zhuo from humiliation, and officially seal Pingyuan County; Taoyuan sworn; Take care of the thatched cottage and get Zhuge; Crushing the yellow turban insurrectionary; Lian Ma Teng and others secretly discussed the removal of Cao Cao. Before the defeat, they borrowed soldiers to ask for thieves and got Yuzhou, which was called Liu Yuzhou. Meet the Han emperor; In the name of an uncle, there is Cao Cao who cooks wine to talk about heroes; Han destroyed Cao Xing, and Liu Bei proclaimed himself emperor; Lu Xun burned for 7 miles, and Liu Bei died in Baidicheng. 3. Guan Yu: Personality: once upon a time in america, a real hero who has the greatest martial arts, despises powerful people, is arrogant and can't bear to bully the weak.
It is a combination of loyalty to the monarch, kindness and friendship, justice, force, wisdom, courage, perseverance and great ambition. Plot: Warm Wine Chops Hua Xiong, seals gold, travels a thousand miles, rides alone, passes five customs, and beheads six soldiers. Huarong Dao releases Cao Shuiyan, and the seven armies go to the meeting to scrape bones and heal wounds, and fail. Maicheng Warm Wine Chops Hua Xiong. 4. Cao Cao: Personality: Chen Shou thinks that Cao Cao is "the best in Ming Dynasty" in the history of the Three Kingdoms, "the magic of applying for and trading, the strange strategy of Korea and Bai, and the official awarding of materials, all because of their own devices, melodramatic and willful, and don'
Cao Cao has ruled the army for more than 3 years, but he can't let go of the book. He must be endowed when he climbs high, and he is better at poetry, cursive script and Go. Life is frugal, not well dressed.
talking and laughing with people. "Honor should be rewarded, generous daughter; Nothing can be done, nothing can be done. "
He is a first-rate politician, strategist and writer in the history of China. However, in the Romance of the Three Kingdoms, these good aspects of Cao Cao's character and morality were ignored, while his cruel and treacherous side was exaggerated.
Therefore, Luo Guanzhong's Cao Cao is a typical villain who is treacherous, cruel, willful and suspicious. Huarong Road Guan Yuyi explained Cao Cao's plot: manslaughter of the Lv Boshe family; Go to the 18 th route princes; The emperor entered Xuchang, and since then, he has been holding the emperor to make the princes; The battle of Guandu defeated Yuan Shao; Chibi was defeated and defeated Huarong Road; After being chased by Ma Chao, he cut his beard and abandoned his robe; Green plum cooking wine on heroes; Assassinate Dong Zhuo; Welcome Xu You barefoot 5. Zhou Yu: Personality: In Romance of the Three Kingdoms, Zhou Yu became the bottom figure of Zhuge Liang.
Zhou Yu was written to raise Zhuge Liang. Therefore, Zhou Yu in Romance of the Three Kingdoms is narrow-minded and always inferior to Zhuge Liang in wisdom, unlike Zhou Yu's "heroic posture and heroic hair" praised by Su Shi, who is a "romantic figure through the ages".
Plot: Three Qi Zhou Yucao boat borrows an arrow from Battle of Red Cliffs IV. Description of classic characters 1. Xuande looks back at his man: he is eight feet long, with a leopard head and eyes, a bearded beard, and his voice is like thunder, and he is like a galloping horse. (Zhang Fei) 2. Liu Bei looked at him: he was nine feet long and his beard was two feet long; The face is like a heavy jujube, and the lips are fat; Phoenix eyes, lying silkworm eyebrows; Good-looking, majestic.
(Guan Yu) 3. Take the lead and flash a general: seven feet long, with narrow eyes and a long beard; Official worship riding a captain. (Cao Cao) 4. When Marotta saw a man behind Ding Yuan, he was imposing and imposing, holding a halberd in his hand and glaring.
The two formations were opposite to each other, only to see Lu Bu wearing a crown, a hundred flowers' shirt, Tang Xi's armor, a lion's belt, and a halberd. He followed Ding Jianyang out to the front. (Lu Bu) 5. I saw a young general with a face like a crown jade, eyes like a meteor, a tiger with an ape arm and a tiger belly and a wolf waist; Flying out of the array with a pike in hand and a fine horse.
(Ma Chao) 6. When Liu Bei saw that Kongming was eight feet long, with a face like a crown jade, a black silk scarf and a crane, he looked like a fairy. (Zhuge Liang) 7. Suddenly, a young general turned out on the left side of Caopo, and the flying horse held a gun and went straight for Wen Chou.
Gongsun Zan went up the hill to see the young man: he was eight feet long, with thick eyebrows and big eyes, a broad face and heavy weight, commanding and commanding, and he fought with Wen Chou for 5-6 years, but the outcome was not divided. (Zhao Yun) V. Classic Exercises 1. In the classic Chinese literature "Romance of the Three Kingdoms", a heroic image of going through five customs, beheading six generals and riding a thousand miles alone was created. This hero is: Guan Yu.
There are many legendary stories about this hero in this book. Please write the name of one of them in the most concise language: carelessness in Jingzhou. 2. Who are the three people in the Romance of the Three Kingdoms? What are their respective personalities? Liu Bei (a loyal and kind-hearted corporal), Guan Yu (loyal to the liver, righteous and courageous, healthy and upright) and Zhang Fei (brave and rude, hating evil).
3. Which two characters in The Romance of the Three Kingdoms are heroes in childhood? What are their inner feelings? Cao Cao: Deliberately test Liu Bei to see if he can achieve great things and be ambitious. Liu Bei: I am afraid that I will be seen by Cao Cao, and I will try my best to cover it up and panic inside.
4. what is the plot of "the gathering of heroes"? Who fell for who? What are the personalities of two people? Designer: Zhou Yu; Good at strategy, cleverness and wit. The recruiter: Jiang Gan; It's better to be smart than to lose.
5. Is the plot of that classical masterpiece? Who captured the fierce gains? Why do you want to catch seven? A: It's the story in Romance of the Three Kingdoms, and it's Meng Huo captured by Zhuge Liang. * * * The seven escapements and seven verticals are about Zhuge Liang following Ma Su's advice and conquering psychology, so as to achieve long-term stability in the south.
6. What is the plot in the famous book "Ingenious Linking Strategies"? "Which two characters are involved? Why do you want a series of tricks? A: In Romance of the Three Kingdoms, Cao Cao, Pang Tong and Pang Tong presented a series of stratagems, ostensibly to solve the problem of Cao Jun's seasickness, but actually.
4. A little common sense about the Romance of the Three Kingdoms
Zhou Yuda.
Zhuge Liang (181-234) was born in Langxie Yangdu (now Yinan, Shandong Province). My parents died early, and in order to avoid the war, I went to Jingzhou with my uncle, and then lived in seclusion in Longzhong, Nanyang (now Xiangfan West, Hubei Province) for ten years to observe the world situation. After Liu Bei visited the cottage, he asked him to come out to help. He put forward to Liu Bei a plan to unite Wu against Cao, to have Jing Yi, and to divide the world into three parts, which is called Longzhong Countermeasure in history. On the eve of Battle of Red Cliffs, he went to Jiangdong to contact Sun Wu, formed an alliance and defeated Cao Cao in World War I.. He also helped establish the Shu-Han regime. After Liu Bei's failure in recruiting Wu, he entrusted his children and the great cause of reviving the Han Dynasty to him in Baidicheng before he died.