"Contemporary Hero Lermontov" original text|Reflections|Appreciation

Summary of the work

Captain Maxim Maximich told me the story of Biqiaolin on his way to the Caucasus: Five years ago, Biqiaolin and Maxim went to a local As a guest at a prince's house, he managed to abduct the prince's beautiful daughter Bella. Bi Qiaolin loved her very much at first, but soon got tired of her. He often went out hunting, causing Bella to be robbed and hacked to death by the enemy. Later I met Maxim again in a hotel. In the hotel, I met the protagonist Bi Qiaolin with my own eyes. He was depressed and unhappy, polite to his old friends, but extremely indifferent, and he was busy traveling. Before leaving, Maxim handed Bicholin's notes to me. The following are three of his notes:

(1) I came to the coastal town of Taman and accidentally bumped into a few smugglers at night. I ruined their good deeds for no reason and forced them to leave this place and find another way to make a living. . (2) I met an acquaintance, Grushinitsky, by chance while on vacation. He is courting Princess Merry. My former lover Vera also came here, and she arranged to meet me at the princess's house. I pursued Meili, but I didn't love her, and it only caused her sadness and despair. Grushinitsky, out of revenge, challenged me to a duel, and I killed him in a duel. (3) While playing cards in the evening, everyone had a debate about "fate". Believing that his death was predetermined, Lieutenant Furich shot himself in the head without firing, but he was killed by a Cossack drunk on his way home. The murderer hid in an empty house and resisted. I decided to put my destiny to the test: I burst into the house through the back window and captured the criminal alive.

Selected Works

"It was a wonderful four months. I seem to have said that Bi Qiaolin likes hunting very much and often goes to the woods to hunt wild boars or goats. Now, he didn't even go outside the fortress wall. But soon I saw him walking around the house with his hands behind his back, thinking about something. One day, he finally said nothing to anyone. We went hunting alone, but there was no sign of him all morning. We went more and more often... I thought: Oh no, something must have happened between them.

"One morning I went to see them and saw this scene: Bella was wearing a black silk short cotton-padded jacket and sitting on the bed, her face was pale and her expression was so sad, which surprised me.

"'Where's Bi Qiaolin?' I asked.

"'He went hunting. ’

“‘Did you go today?’ She remained silent, as if speechless.

“‘No, you went yesterday! ’ she finally said with a deep sigh.

"'Is he going to be okay?'

"'I was thinking about it all day yesterday, thinking about it,' she said with tears in her eyes, 'I thought about it. All kinds of accidents: One moment I was afraid that he would be bitten by a wild boar, and another moment I was afraid that he would be captured by the Chechin people and taken to the mountains... But today I thought that he must not love me anymore. '

"'Hey, baby, don't think so much!' She cried, then raised her head proudly, wiped away her tears, and continued:

"'What if If he doesn't love me, who will stop him from sending me home? I don't force him. If I continue to live like this, I'll just leave on my own. I'm not his slave, I'm the prince's daughter! ...'

"I started to persuade her: 'Listen to me, Bella, you can't let him sit here all his life, like being nailed to your skirt. He is a young man, He likes to hunt game, and will come back after a while. If you always look sad, he will soon hate you. '

"'Yes, yes,' she replied, 'I do. Be happy! ’ She laughed loudly, picked up the tambourine, sang and danced, jumping up and down next to me. But she didn't jump for long before she fell on the bed again and covered her face with her hands.

"What should I do with her? You know, I have never dealt with a woman. I thought over and over again, how to comfort her, but I couldn't come up with any idea. The two of us People stayed like this in silence for a while... This situation was really sad!

"Finally I said to her: 'If you want, let's go to the wall for a walk. The weather is so bad! OK! ’ This was in September, and the weather was indeed very good, bright and cool; the outline of the mountains looked particularly clear. We walked out of the house and walked in silence along the walls of the fortress. Later she sat down on the grass and I sat next to her. Oh, it's so funny to think about it, I followed her around like a nanny.

"Our fortress is on high ground, and the view from the wall is stunning: on one side is a vast wilderness, with several deep ditches in the middle, and at the end is a forest that stretches to the ridge. , there are several smoke-filled villages and some horses coming and going in the wilderness; on the other side is a small river, dense shrubbery, covering the rocky highlands connected to the main Caucasus vein, stretching to the river. Sitting on the corner of the bastion, I could see the scene clearly on both sides. I suddenly saw a man riding a gray horse coming out of the woods, getting closer and closer, and finally he was two hundred meters away from us on the other side of the river. He stopped outside, and like a madman, he whipped the horse around in circles.

What a trick! ...I said: 'Come and see, Bella, you are young and have good eyesight. Who is this horseman? Who is he playing tricks for? ...'

"As soon as she saw it, she shouted: 'It's Kazbiki! ...'

"'Oh, it's the robber! Is he here to make fun of us? ’ I took a closer look, and it turned out to be Kazbic: He had a dark ugly face, and his clothes were as torn and dirty as usual. Bella grabbed my hand and said, 'That horse was my father's. ’ Her body was shaking like a leaf, and her eyes were shining. I thought to myself: ‘Humph! Baby, you also have the blood of a bandit. '

"I said to the sentry: 'Come here, take aim with your gun, kill the robber for me, and I will reward you with a silver ruble.' He replied: 'Yes, sir. But he refused. Stop...' I said with a smile: 'Then order him to stop!'...The sentry waved to him and shouted: 'Hey, old friend! Why are you spinning like a top? Huh? 'Kazbic really stood still and listened. He must have thought we were going to negotiate with him - don't dream about it! ... My gunman raised his gun to his shoulder... Bang! I saw the gunpowder glowing in the medicine pool. Kazbic clamped the horse and the horse jumped to the side. He shouted a few words in the dialect, threatened us with his whip, and ran away. .

"'Why aren't you ashamed,' I said to the sentinel.

"'My lord! He is dead!' he replied. 'You can't kill such a damned thing at once.'

"After a quarter of an hour, Bi Qiaolin came back from hunting. Bella jumped up and hugged his neck. She didn't complain or blame him for being out for so long...but I was angry with him. I said to him, 'Oh, man! Kazbic came here across the river just now, and we fired at him. Well, you'll run into him soon too. These mountain people must avenge themselves. Do you think he won’t think that you helped Azamat? I bet he recognized Bella today. I know that he liked Bella very much a year ago. He told me personally that if he could get a decent betrothal gift, he would definitely propose to her..." Bi Qiaolin thought for a while and replied: "Yes, I have to stay. Come on...Bella, from today on, don't come to the wall again! '

"I had a long talk with him in the evening. I was annoyed because he had changed his mind about the poor girl. Besides, he spent half his time hunting, and he had grown cold. It's rare to be intimate with her. She has obviously lost weight, her face has become longer, and her big eyes have lost their luster. Sometimes you ask her: 'Why do you sigh, Bella? Are you sad?' ! '-'Do you need anything?'-'No!'-'Are you missing your loved ones?'--'There is often nothing but 'yes' and 'no' to you. She couldn't ask anything.

"Well, this is what I talked about with him. He answered me: 'Listen to me, Maxim Maximich, I have a very bad character. Whether it was my education that made me like this or God gave me it, I don’t know. All I know is that if I cause other people's misfortune, I am no happier than others. Of course, this does not give people any comfort, but if this is the case, what can be done? When I was very young, ever since I escaped the protection of my parents, I began to indulge in all the pleasures that money could buy. Naturally, these pleasures also bored me. Later I entered the upper class society, but soon this society also bored me. I fell in love with beauties in society, and was also loved by them, but their love only inspired my fantasies and vanity, and my heart was still very empty... I began to read and study, but learning also made me tired. . I see that neither honor nor happiness has anything to do with knowledge, because the luckiest people often have no ink in their stomachs. Success brings honor, and to succeed, all you need is a flexible wrist. So I got bored again... Soon I was transferred to the Caucasus: these were the happiest days of my life. I had hoped that I would no longer be bored under the bullets of the Chechins, but my hope was in vain. After a month, I became completely accustomed to the whizzing sound of bullets and the proximity of death. To be honest, they don’t grab my attention as much as the buzzing of mosquitoes. I am more depressed than before because I have almost lost my last bit of hope. When I saw Bella in the house, when I took her on my knees for the first time and kissed her black curls, I, the fool, thought she was a fairy sent to me by God in pity! ...I was wrong again: the love of a wild girl is not much better than the love of a noble lady; the simplicity and ignorance of a wild girl is just as boring as the coquettishness of a noble lady. If you insist that I must love her, I can love her again, and I thank her for giving me a moment of tenderness. I could give my life for her, but I feel bored with her...Whether I am a fool or a bad guy, I don't know. But one thing is true: I am also very pitiful, maybe more pitiful than her. My soul has been ruined by the world, my mind is in turmoil, and my heart is never satisfied. Nothing can satisfy me, I am as easily accustomed to sadness as to joy, my life is becoming emptier day by day, and I have only one option left: travel.

I'll go as soon as I can - but never to Europe! ——I want to go to America, to Arabia, to India. Maybe I will die on the way somewhere! At least I believe that this last comfort will not disappear quickly due to the pounding of storms and the grinding of muddy roads. ’ He talked like this for a long time, and his words were deeply imprinted in my heart, because it was the first time in my life that I heard such words from a twenty-five-year-old man, and I hope this is also the last time. ...What a strange thing! "Tell me more," the captain continued to say to me, "you seem to have been in the capital not long ago. Are all the young people there like this?" "

I replied that there are many people who say that, and some of them are telling the truth. But like all fashionable trends, pessimism and despair mostly start from the upper class and then spread to the lower classes. The lower level, and then spread. Now the people who are really feeling the most miserable are trying to cover up this misfortune, just like covering up their faults. The captain shook his head and smiled slyly and said:

"This decadent fashionable disease must have been introduced by the French, right? "

"No, it's British. "

"Oh, that's it! ..." He replied, "They were all **** drunkards! "

I couldn't help but think of a noble lady in Moscow who insisted that Byron was just an alcoholic. However, the captain's opinion was excusable: in order to stop drinking, he tried his best to convince himself that , all the misfortunes in the world are caused by alcoholism

Then he continued to tell his story:

"Kazbic did not show up again. But somehow, I couldn't get rid of this thought in my mind: His visit that time was definitely not for no reason, he must be planning something.

"Once Bi Qiaolin persuaded me to go hunting wild boars with him, but I resisted for a long time. To be honest, wild boars are nothing strange to me! But he forced me to go. We took five Soldier, we set off early in the morning. We walked around in the reeds and woods until ten o'clock, and I said, "Hey, go back! Why are you so stubborn?" It's obviously not a good day. 'But Bi Qiaolin didn't want to go back empty-handed, even though it was hot and tired. He was such a person: he could do whatever he wanted. It was obvious that he was spoiled by his mother when he was a child. He finally searched until noon. Hit a damn wild boar - bang! Bang! The beast jumped into the reeds... What an unlucky day... We rested for a while and then set off for home.

"We let go of the reins and rode side by side without saying a word. We were about to reach the fortress, but a short tree blocked our view and we could not see the houses on the other side of the fortress. Suddenly there was a gunshot... We looked at each other: the same suspicion surprised us. We hurried towards the place where the gunshots were fired and took a look: The soldiers on the wall gathered together and pointed to the field. On the field, there was a man riding a horse and running hard, grabbing a piece of clothing on the saddle in his hand. Something white. Bi Qiaolin shouted, his voice no worse than any Qieqin people. He drew his gun from its holster and galloped towards it, and I galloped after him.

"Fortunately, the hunting did not go well, and our horses were not tired yet, and they kept galloping. We saw that we were getting closer and closer to the man... I finally recognized him as Kazbiki, But I couldn't see what he was holding. I caught up with Bi Qiaolin and shouted to him: "This is Kazbiki!"... He looked at me, nodded, and gave the horse a whip.

"We finally caught up with him and he was within range. I don't know if Kazbic's horse was tired or not as good as our horse. In short, no matter how hard he tried, the horse still couldn't run fast. I think it was time for him to think of his black eyes...

"When I saw Bi Qiaolin running away, he aimed the gun at him... I shouted to him: 'Don't drive away' Gun! Save the bullets, we'll catch up with him. 'Huh, this guy is always impatient when he shouldn't be... As a result, the gun fired and the bullet penetrated one of the horse's hind legs. A dozen times, his legs gave way and he knelt down. Kazbic jumped off the horse, and then we saw that he was holding a woman wrapped in a shawl... This is Bella... Poor Bella! Kazbic yelled at us in patois, raised the dagger to her head... Without further ado, I fired, and the bullet must have hit him in the shoulder, because he suddenly hit him. I lowered my arms. When the smoke cleared, I saw a wounded horse lying on the ground. Beside the horse, Kazbich dropped his gun and climbed up the cliff along the bushes. We wanted to shoot him out of there, but the loaded ammunition was gone! We jumped off our horses and ran towards Bella. She lay motionless, with blood pouring out of her wounds... The villain. , Just give her a stab in the chest. Well, that would be the end of it all at once. But he stabbed her in the back... This was really the most vicious robber's technique! We tore off the shawl and cut her unconscious. Her wound was tightly tied. Bi Qiao Lin kissed her cold lips, but it was of no use and could not revive her.

"Biqiao Lin got on the horse. I lifted Bella off the ground and placed her barely in the saddle in front of him. He put an arm around her and we rode back.

After a few minutes of silence, Bi Qiaolin said to me: 'I think, Maxim Maximich, we can't bring her home alive in this way. ’ I said, ‘Yes! ’ So we galloped as fast as we could. There was a group of people waiting for us at the gate of the fortress. We carefully carried the injured girl to Bi Qiaolin's house, and at the same time sent for a doctor. Although the doctor was drunk, he still came. He examined her injuries and said she would not survive a day, but he was wrong..."

"Is she okay? "I asked happily, grabbing the captain's arm.

"No," he replied, "the doctor was wrong, because she lived two more days. "

"Tell me, how did Kazbic get her? "

"It's like this: Bella didn't listen to Bi Qiaolin that day, left the fortress and walked to the river. You know, it was a very hot day and she sat on a rock and put her feet in the water. Oh, that Kazbiki came over quietly, grabbed her, covered her mouth, dragged her to the bushes, jumped on the horse, and ran away! she shouted. The sentries panicked and fired, but missed, and then we arrived. "

"Why did Kazbic take her away? "

"To be honest, those Circassians are famous thieves. If something is not put away, they will steal it. Even if they don't need it, they will steal it... They are born That's it, there's no way! Besides, he already liked her. "

"So Bella is dead? "

"Dead; but she suffered a lot of torture, and it was extremely uncomfortable for us to stay with her. At ten o'clock in the evening, she woke up. We sat by the bed, and she called Bi Qiaolin as soon as she opened her eyes. 'I'm here, beside you, my heart! ’ He answered, holding her hand. She said: 'I'm going to die! ’ We all comforted her and said that the doctor promised to cure her. She shook her head and turned her face to the wall: She didn't want to die! ...

"She talked nonsense at night. Her hair was feverish, and sometimes she shivered with heat. She mentioned her father and brother intermittently, and she wanted to go to the mountains and go home... Later She mentioned Bi Qiaolin again, calling him all kinds of affectionate names, and blaming him for not loving her sweetheart anymore.

"He listened to her words silently, with his head on his hands, but I still didn't. I saw a tear on his eyelashes. Whether he really couldn't cry or was just barely restrained, I couldn't tell. As for me, I have never seen anything so miserable.

"When it was almost dawn, she stopped talking nonsense. She lay motionless for an hour, her face was pale, and her body was so weak that she couldn't even hear her breathing. Later, when she got better, she started again She spoke, but what do you think she said? ... Only people who are dying have such thoughts! ... She feels sad that she is not a Christian, saying that her soul will never be with Bi Qiaolin in the underworld. When his soul met, he also said that other women would be his companions in heaven. I suddenly thought of baptizing her when she was dying. I proposed this idea to her and she looked at me, undecided. , she was speechless for a long time. Finally, she replied that she would believe whatever she was born to do when she died. How pale her cheeks had become during the whole day. Her eyes sunk, her eyes became bigger, and her lips were burned. She felt extremely hot inside her body, as if there was a piece of red-hot iron on her chest.

"After a day and a night, Neither of us closed our eyes, nor took a step away from her bedside. She was in excruciating pain, moaning, and as soon as the pain subsided a little, she tried her best to convince Bi Qiaolin that she was better, persuaded him to go to bed, kissed his hand, and held his hand. Before dawn, she felt the pain of death and began to toss and turn on the bed, pulling off the bandages, and the blood flowed out again. After her wound was tied up, she was quiet for a while and asked Bi Qiaolin to kiss her. He knelt beside the bed, raised her head slightly from the pillow, and pressed his lips against her increasingly cold lips. She hugged his neck tightly with trembling hands, as if to Entrusting her soul to him in this kiss... Oh, it would be better for her to die! Otherwise, what would happen to her if Bi Qiaolin abandoned her? And this will happen sooner or later...

"For the first half of the next day, she was quiet, silent, and obedient, no matter how our doctor tortured her with various hot compresses and potions. I was The doctor said: "I'm sorry, didn't you personally say that she will definitely not survive? Then why are you using those medicines of yours?" He replied: "It's better, Maxim Maximich, so that your conscience can be calmed." Some. 'Humph, what a conscience!

"In the afternoon, she began to feel thirsty. We opened the window, but it was hotter outside than inside. We put ice cubes next to the bed, but it didn't help at all. I know this embarrassing thirst is a sign of death. I told Bi Qiaolin this. She got up from the bed and said in a hoarse voice: 'Water, water! ...'

"Biqiaolin's face became as white as white cloth. He grabbed a cup and filled it with water for her to drink.

I covered my eyes with my hands and recited a prayer, but I couldn't remember what I recited... To be honest, brother, I've seen a lot of dead people in hospitals and on the battlefield, but it was different from this time. , completely different! ...Also, to be honest, I feel sad that she did not think of me even once before she died, but I loved her like a father...Oh, God forgive her! ... In good conscience, who am I to want people to think of me before they die? ...

"She drank water and felt better immediately, but died three minutes later. We put a mirror on her lips, and the mirror was not fogged up! ... I put Bi Qiaolin pulled him out of the house and walked to the fortress wall. We walked back and forth side by side for a long time with our hands behind our backs, without saying a word, which annoyed me. If he were in his position, he would definitely die of grief. Later, he sat down under the shade of a tree, picked up a stick and scribbled on the sand. To be honest, I spoke mostly out of politeness and to comfort him. Come, he raised his head and smiled... This laughter made my whole body shiver... I walked away and went to buy a coffin.

"Honestly, I did this partly for entertainment. sad. I had a piece of satin, and I covered the coffin with it, and decorated it with those Circassian silver ribbons that Beecholin had bought for her.

"Early the next morning, we buried her beside the creek outside the fort, near the place where she last sat. Now her grave is surrounded by acacia and elder trees. I originally thought A cross was placed, but it felt inappropriate: She is not a Christian after all..."

(Translated by Cao Ying)

Appreciation

"Contemporary Heroes" Written in 1838-1839 and published in 1840, it is the only novel by the Russian poet Lermontov and is of great significance in the history of Russian novels.

The novel creates the image of Bi Qiaolin as a "superfluous person". Because of his spiritual emptiness, he traveled around, took risks and caused trouble. He himself doesn't understand why "destroying other people's hopes is my only mission in the world" and why "fate always wants me to participate in the ending of other people's tragedies"? Bi Qiaolin's image is full of distinctive characteristics of the times. As the author said in the preface, the image of "contemporary heroes" is "not a portrait of a single person", but "made up of the fully developed shortcomings of our entire generation." It must be noted that герой in Russian (equivalent to hero in English) does not exactly correspond to "hero" in Chinese. It also means "protagonist" or "fashionable character". Bi Qiaolin is such a fashionable figure.

The excerpt was relayed to "me" by Maxim Maximich and consists of conversations between him and Bicholin, Bella and others. It not only tells a wonderful tragic story, but also reveals the characters of the three protagonists. Bi Qiaolin's indifference and decadence and Bella's persistence and strength were fully demonstrated. Maxim Maximich, a rude veteran, actually cared for Bella in every possible way. His simplicity and kindness were even more vivid. On paper.

The love tragedy between a Christian prodigal and a pagan beauty is a traditional theme of romanticism, but Lermontov gave it a unique charm. The selected article tells readers at the beginning: Bi Qiaolin and Bella's "happy" love encountered a crisis after only four months, which seems to verify the motto "Everything has an unusual beginning, and the ending must also be extraordinary."

Why did Bi Qiaolin leave the beautiful and simple Bella and go to the deep mountains and old forests to associate with wild boars and goats? The narrator, Maxim Maximich, did not say it clearly at the beginning because he did not understand. But smart Bella felt keenly that Bi Qiaolin no longer loved her. This caused Bella great pain. But she showed the strong character of the mountain people, daring to love, and never regretting the unfortunate ending: "If I continue to live like this, I will make my own way. I am not his slave, I am the prince's daughter!" On this day, Kazbich—the local who had loved Bella—appeared with clear hostility. The kind-hearted Maxim Maximich cared about Bicholin, especially Bella's happiness, and told Bicholin about Bella's sadness, despair and the dangers she faced, in an attempt to persuade him to be nicer to Bella. This gave rise to Bi Qiaolin's lengthy defense. The general idea is: First, he has a very bad character. I don’t know whether it is caused by education or by nature. Second, he causes others' misfortune, and he himself is no happier than others. He is also very pitiful, perhaps more so than the victim. Third, he had begun to enjoy everything to his heart's content, but everything made him tired of it, whether it was chasing fun and laughter, reading and learning, or even the whizzing sound of bullets and the approach of death, the "wild girl's love" " can't cheer him up for long. Therefore, his soul has been ruined by the world, his thoughts are turbulent, his heart is never satisfied, and his life is becoming emptier day by day.

This paragraph of defense not only shows that the writer is good at describing and analyzing the psychological activities of characters, but is also crucial for expressing Bi Qiaolin's character and the reasons for its formation: He is suffering from the disease of the times and is hopeless. It also has two functions. First, "sufficient conditions" were prepared for Bella's tragic experience: she must be abandoned by Beecholin and become a test subject during Beecholin's "travel" like the noble ladies Vera and Princess Mellie in the past.

Secondly, it reflects the huge spiritual distance between Maxim Maximich, who was born as a commoner, and Beecholin, a libertine from upper class society. Originally, the narrator "I" basically existed as a "listener" rather than an "interlocutor". Only when Maxim Maximich asked Bicholin where his "fashionable disease" came from, "I" Come forward and answer. Maxim's inquiry and the comments he made after hearing it were quite meaningful. He scolded the British as "all drunkards", just as he later scolded the Circassians (Caucasus mountain people) as "all bandits", which highlighted his simplicity and kindness, as well as his civilian narrow-mindedness and ignorance. Therefore, in the author's mind, the decadent, Westernized upper class society certainly has little hope, and the pure, Slavic civilian world does not necessarily represent the future. The author himself does not know where Russia's solution is, and he just describes the tragedy of "progressive tense" for us.

One day, taking the opportunity of Bi Qiaolin to go hunting, Kazbich came and robbed Bella. In Maxim Maximich's account, it was an "unlucky day": The hunt was not going well and nothing was found. But thanks to the bad hunting, Bi Qiaolin and Maxim were able to come back "in time" to chase the "robbers". They fired, and Kazbic fled, but wounded Bella with his saber. Two days later, the tortured Bella died. The selected article describes in detail the painful process of Bella's injury and death and Maxim's spiritual sadness, thereby strengthening the tragic atmosphere of the story and also strengthening the condemnation of Bi Qiaolin's character and behavior (starting with chaos and ending with abandonment). There is a detail in the book that expresses Bi Qiaolin's attitude towards life: Bella died, Bi Qiaolin was in great pain, but when Maxim spoke to comfort Bi Qiaolin and enlightened him, "he raised his head and smiled... This laughter It gave me chills... and I walked away to buy a coffin." If Maxim Maximich's way of dealing with grief is to keep doing things for the dead, Bicholin's way of dealing with grief is to start new adventures, hence the bet with life in "The Fatalist" race.

The language of the novel is very vivid, interesting, lively and natural. In the selected text, Maxim Maksimich tells the past events with energetic spoken language, and depicts the charming scenery of the Caucasus Mountains for us, integrating the love tragedy of Beecholin and Bela with the mountain scenery. For example, when Maxim Maximich took Bella out of the fence, the author wrote: "This was in September. The weather was indeed very good, bright and cool; the outline of the mountains looked particularly clear." "The view from the wall is stunning: on one side is a vast wilderness, with several deep ditches in the middle, and at the end is a forest that stretches to the ridge. There are also several smoke-filled villages and some tourists in the wilderness. Herds of horses coming and going; on the other side is a small river, and dense shrubbery covers the rocky plateaus connected to the main Caucasus vein, stretching to the river. We sit on the corner of the bastion, and the scenery on both sides is clear. "This not only shows that, as a great poet, Lermontov is good at absorbing the rich vocabulary and vivid expression techniques of folk language; more importantly, this kind of description adds to the exotic and sad beauty of the work, allowing readers to feel The love tragedy of Bi Qiaolin and Bella is both far away and close before our eyes, so that they feel sad but reluctant to leave.

(Shi Dongming)