Xunzi Volume 12 Poetic Interpretation of Jundao 1 Gentleman's Law is Pure and Clear.
Inscription poem:
Jun chaos, Jun Zheng, the country is not chaotic, Jun chaos;
The state governs the people, but there is no governance. Law is immortal, not in the world;
Yu Fa still exists, and Xia is not king. The law is not independent and the class is not self-reliant;
If you let someone live, you will lose someone and die.
Therefore, if there is a gentleman, the French province is enough to recover; There are no gentlemen in this country,
Then, although the law exists, it should not be done, which is chaotic enough.
I don't know the meaning of law, but the correct number of laws, although rich in French, can be confusing.
He who knows his master is anxious to get him, and governing his country is successful and beautiful.
Overlord the king and bully him; And those who hide the Lord are anxious and in trouble.
The country will be in danger if its merits are neglected and its reputation is humiliated. Therefore, people who respect others are asking for it.
Don't come. It's Jeff, who doesn't sign coupons, so it's a letter;
People who are good at manipulating power, pleasing hundreds of officials and cheating on each other are all bullying others.
Probe and lift the hook, so it is public; Good music, private courtiers,
The ride is backward. Hengshi is called the county, so it is flat and easy to overturn.
Admire a hundred officials, take advantage and take risks.
Be greedy, please hundreds of officials, take advantage, take advantage,
Take people freely. The number of machines governs the flow, the gentleman governs the original, and the official keeps the number.
Gentleman nourishes the origin, which is clear and turbid.
Shang Xian's ability, not greedy for profit, resigned and gave him loyalty.
I am sincere to my courtiers. Although I am a citizen, I believe in fairness. I was advised not to reward me.
Serving the people is not a punishment, but something for nothing, beautifying the complex for simplicity and making the people happy.
If you charge the forgetting fee, you will forget your work, and you will never forget your death. This city is solid, not decorative,
The blade strength is not ling, the enemy does not levy, and the people do not order. It is called supreme peace.
original text
There is a chaotic monarch, but there is no chaotic country; People are cured, but there is no cure. Yeluyi is not dead.
[note] <1> [y? Yi Yin]: Dongyi people had a poor tribal leader in Xia Dynasty (living in the south of Dezhou, Shandong Province), so they were also called Yi and Hou Yi, and were good at archery. & lt2> Yu: legendary sage, tribal leader and founder of Xia Dynasty. & lt3> Li: Make achievements. & lt4> class: and "law" (specification >; Synonymous, but when used relative to the word "law", it refers to the category of law, that is, the specific standard derived from the specification. & lt5> person: refers to the ideal candidate. This refers to the "governance" mentioned above. & lt6> Time: As opposed to the following "chaos", it refers to universal governance. & lt7> wave: smell more. & lt8> See Shangshu Gao Kang for the following quotations. However, Xunzi took it out of context and explained the importance of choosing the prime minister, so the meaning was different from the original. & lt9> Wei: Thinking. King Wen: Ji, Mingchang, tribal leader of Shang Dynasty and Zhou Dynasty, father of King Wen, is famous for his sagacity. & lt 10 > one person: refers to the son of heaven. Choice: This edition of Shangshu is written as "Yi", which is different from this article.
[translation]
There is a monarch who confuses the country, and there is no country that confuses himself; There are talents who govern the country, but there is no legal system for self-governance. Hou yi's archery has not been lost, but he can't make people hit every shot from generation to generation; Dayu's legal system still exists, but Xia Houshi can't rule the world from generation to generation. Therefore, it is impossible to achieve anything by the legal system alone, and it is impossible for the written law to be implemented automatically; Get the kind of talent who is good at governing the country, then the legal system will exist; Without such talents, the legal system will perish. Legal system is the beginning of politics; Gentleman is the origin of legal system. Therefore, with a gentleman, even if the law is simple, it is enough to be used in all aspects; If there is no gentleman, even if the law is complete, it will lose the order of implementation and be unable to cope with all kinds of changes in things, which is enough to form chaos. People who don't know the truth of the rule of law but just make the provisions of the law, even if they know a lot, will be at a loss when they encounter specific things. Therefore, a wise monarch longs for talents to govern the country, while a foolish monarch longs for power. People who are eager to run the country will be comfortable, the country will be stable, there will be great achievements and a good reputation. They can rule the world in the world and dominate the princes in the world. If you are not eager to get the talents to govern the country, but eager to get power, then your efforts will lead to chaos in the country, your achievements will be destroyed and your reputation will be notorious. State power will inevitably become dangerous. Therefore, the monarch who rules the people is very tired when looking for talents, but he is very comfortable after using it. The Book of History says, "A king who thinks of literature respects and fears, and chooses his own talents." That's what I said.
original text
Jeff, don't shrink coupons.
[Attention] < 1 > Jeff: In ancient times, entry and exit certificates were made of bamboo pieces and written in letters, which were divided into two parts, and each side kept half. Only when the two blocks are completely matched during verification can they pass. House deed: House deed is a kind of ancient certificate. The ancients carved characters on bamboo slips or wooden slips, cut them into two halves and kept half on each side. When verifying, the two halves are combined and the fitting is effective. & lt2> Weighing stone: the general name for weighing instruments. Scale, scale; Stone, an ancient unit of weight, 120 Jin is a stone. County: same as "hanging". Counting: weighing. & lt3> Hello [hú? Yin Hu]: In ancient times, ten fights were a welcome. Dun [Du? Sound pair]: an ancient instrument for measuring millet, shaped like a bowl, with a two-liter bucket for each dune. General: When measuring rice and millet, scrape the wooden board of the bucket. & lt4> yeah [zé? Tone]: Tong "□" is uniform, which means the standard is unified. & lt5> Original text: the ancient word "source". & lt6 & gtBy: Salute. Levy: tax. Levy: pay taxes. Or "tax", then "borrowing" means "making" ... paying tribute ". & lt7> Renovation: same as Xun, rectification. & lt8> Ling: Through Ling, ice is extended to cooling, which means quenching. Strength: strong and hard. & lt9> Quotations refer to poetry, elegance and martial arts. & lt 10 > Wang: refers to the reign from 827 BC to 782 BC. Jude: Later, I wrote Yi and Taoism. Yun: That's true. Plug: Full. & lt 1 1 & gt； Xu Fang: Ethnic names, also known as "Xu Yi" and "Xu Rong", were distributed in the lower reaches of Huaihe River in ancient times. Speaking of the name of the vassal, it is located in Sixian County, Anhui Province. These two poems refer to the vast kingship, so distant countries also come to submit.
[translation]?
Match Jeff, identify deeds and use them to create credit; But if the monarch likes to engage in political intrigue, then those who cheat among ministers and officials will take the opportunity to follow suit. Draw lots and lots are used to create justice; But if the monarch likes favoritism, then ministers will take the opportunity to follow suit. Weighing with a weighing instrument is to create fairness; But if the monarch likes to lean upside down, then ministers will take the opportunity to do evil with him. Various measuring tools are used to create a unified standard; But if the monarch is keen on greed, then ministers and officials will take the opportunity to take more and give less, thus exploiting the people indefinitely. Therefore, all kinds of instruments and methods that contribute to governance are only the last stream of politics, not the source of politics; The monarch is the source of politics. Officials abide by specific methods and regulations, while the monarch maintains the source. The source is clear, so the flowing water below is clear; The source is turbid, and the running water below is also turbid. Therefore, if the monarch loves ceremony, respects sages, uses talents, and has no desire or desire, then his officials will be extremely humble, extremely loyal and cautious as servants. In this way, even among the humble people, we can achieve the credibility of not matching Jeff and appraising deeds, the justice of not drawing lots and grasping castration, the fairness of not weighing with scales, and the standardization of not using various measuring instruments. Therefore, people can be diligent but not rewarded, obedient but not punished, things can be good without labor, customs can be good without much politics and law; No one among the people dares to disobey the monarch's decree and work hard for the monarch's affairs according to the monarch's will, and is happy about it. Therefore, people don't feel expensive to pay taxes, forget fatigue in doing business for their country, and foreign enemies can wage war to the death; The city walls are strong and not refined, the blades of weapons are hard and not tempered, the enemy countries yield and do not conquer, and the people all over the world act in unison and do not give orders. This is so-called extreme peace. The poem says: "All over the world, come and worship." That's what I'm talking about.