Why is the royal mausoleum of the Ming Dynasty called the Ming Tombs?
The Ming Tombs are located on Tianshou Mountain in Changping, Beijing. Tianshou Mountain belongs to Taihang remnant vein. Taihang Mountain starts from Zezhou and winds thousands of miles north to Juyongguan. Feng Wan is backed by Xiangpan District, where Tianshou Mountain rises. Tianshou Mountain in Shanxi is towering, majestic and broad, with a strong main trend. Juyongguan in the west, huanghua town in the north and Changping in the south are both the barrier of the mausoleum and the north screen of the capital.
Gu Zeng, a beginner in the late Ming and Qing Dynasties, wrote a poem describing the superior situation here. In the poem, he said: The mountains are coming from the south, and the momentum is magnificent. If the dragons soar, the east toe is in Lulong, the west ridge is in Taihang, and the yellow flowers sit behind. In front of the deep well, there is a thousand-year-old house called Kangjiazhuang, which can accommodate one million people and suddenly opens. Therefore, Tianshou Mountain, a beautiful natural landscape, is regarded as a treasure trove of geomantic omen. There is another legend about the origin of Tianshou Mountain. It is said that Judy, the emperor of the Ming Dynasty, began to choose the site for his mausoleum from 1407, and was not selected until 1409. During these two years, the Ministry of Ritual received many suggestions about this website, but they were all rejected by the Ming Emperor Judy. Later, it was suggested that Huang Tu was in Changping. When Judy went to check the terrain herself, she saw a village with Kangjiafen in front of the mountain, Acorn Mountain in the west and Hetao in the east called Ganshui River. Judy is very happy because his surname is the same as "pig" He thought that when pigs came here, they had bran to eat, acorns to eat and swill to drink, which was an auspicious place for the development of the Zhujiajian family from generation to generation, so he immediately decided to designate Huangtushan as the mausoleum site and named it "the land of Yongfu". It happened that this year was Ming Chengzu's 50th birthday, so he renamed Huang Tu "Tianshou Mountain".
The Ming Tombs built on Tianshou Mountain are not only a unified whole, but also independent individuals with similar specifications. Each mausoleum is built in front of a mountain.
The distance between graves is at least 500 meters and at most 8000 meters. Except the Ming Si Mausoleum, which is located in the southwest corner, the other 12 imperial tombs are located around Changling.
The construction of the Ming Tombs began at 1409, and the first one was the Chang Ling of Judy, the founding emperor of the Ming Dynasty. By the first year of Shunzhi in Qing Dynasty, that is, 1644, the last mausoleum was built, and the Ming Emperor Yi was the four tombs of Zhu Youjian. This period has gone through more than 230 years.
There were 13 emperors, 23 empresses, 1 imperial concubines and dozens of concubines buried in the Ming Tombs. In addition to 13 imperial tombs, there are 7 tombs of concubines and eunuchs in the Ming Dynasty, and a number of ancillary buildings such as palaces, temple wardens and temple ceremonies.
The red walls and yellow tiles of the Ming Tombs are uneven, and the building is magnificent, even comparable to the palace, which shows the revered position of the ancient emperor Long Di and the great momentum of the Ming Dynasty.
Under the guidance of China's traditional geomantic theory, from site selection to planning and design, the Ming Tombs attached great importance to the harmony and unity of mausoleum architecture and natural landscape vegetation, and pursued the perfect realm of "heaven and earth" to reflect the viewpoint of "harmony between man and nature". As an outstanding representative of ancient imperial tombs in China, the Ming Tombs show the rich connotation of China traditional culture.
The Ming Tombs Dahongmen