The Classical Chinese Draft of Qing Dynasty "Guo Weichuan"
In the 13th year of Kangxi, Geng rebelled, rose from Fujian and attacked and plundered near the ground. Thieves responded to the Jiangxi earthquake. Ningdu has two cities, the north and the south, with people in the south and soldiers in the north. Bida said, "In ancient times, there was a society of armor, bravery and crossbows, and all the people could be soldiers. Wang Shouren has tried to use it. " If you are trained in law, you will be brave and fearless. Xia Bo, the thief pioneer, asked Bida to discuss, "What should I do?" Bida said: "As a person and a minister, there is no difference in death. The thieves are all together, and the beginning can be broken in one drum. " The battalion will lead soldiers into the battalion, and there are few thieves. Strike them with courage and the thieves will run. We returned with a large number of troops, and the cannon was smashed. We need to make up for its shortcomings, so as to prepare for the royal interests. Will help, thieves will go. Or the governor, the county fort is mostly a thief, and the governor will send his troops to kill blood. There are loyal ministers and women in the army who have returned from Tingzhou. They are related to each other's crying, so they have to redeem them and ask their surnames to live and protect them.
At the beginning of the county, Huai salt was eaten. It goes without saying that Wang Shouren ruled Jiangxi and changed Guangdong salt. Later, due to the bitter sales, it was convenient for both businessmen and people to increase the amount of money with Guangdong. When a pawn failed to win a prize in Guangdong, he was dismissed. People in Ningdu sent him away in tears, but he was not affected and went to Nanchang. The thief won half the battle, but persevered under threat for seven days. Suddenly, in the middle of the night, dozens of soldiers came over the wall and said, "Is Master Song there? We are all Ningdu people. " If you come out, you must take off.
When he returned to Li, the governor of Jiangxi moved to Huguang. When he saw it, he sighed, "Are you a person who sticks to the lonely city?" I think that if the consulting department returns to its old post, it will definitely record it with military merits. " Biderson thanked him. Then the speaker said, "Then an official is like abandoning his wife. Why don't you put up with the media?" Brown-clothed vegetables are old in the fields, and Ningdu people only worship when they are old. For many years, Yunnan Kohanda allowed Ji 'an to enter Ningdu territory, and later let Wan Qian control Xiang Yong to protect his city. Translation: Song Bida, whose real name is Qi Zai, is from Huangzhou, Hubei. In the eighth year of Shunzhi, he was a scholar and was appointed as the county magistrate of Ningdu, Jiangxi by the court. Ningdu county is barren and poor, and bandits have long been rampant in Qingtai and Huaide townships. Most people left their homes and the land became barren. Song Bida asked his superiors to exempt all the state taxes owed by the two townships to appease the people, and all the land was recovered by the people two years later. The county is close to the big river, and the city is about to be submerged due to storm surge in summer. Song Bida prayed to the gods and the river fell back. Later, he used the method of dredging the old river channel to control the river channel, and there was no flood since then.
In the 13th year of Kangxi, Geng started to attack neighboring provinces from Fujian. Jiangxi officials and people were shocked, and anti-* * armed forces responded in succession. Ningdu used to have two cities, the south and the north. People live in the south and soldiers are stationed in the north. Song Bida said: "In ancient times, there were Jiabao, Yongyi and Bow and crossbow societies, and all the people could directly participate in the war. This is the way to destroy Zhu in the Ming Dynasty. " So I trained like this and got 2000 nominal courage. When Geng's striker arrived at the door, the commander asked Bida to hold a meeting to discuss: "There are many enemies and our army is short of food. What should we do? " Song Bida said: "The quality of being a courtier is to serve the country with death. The enemy is a rabble. They have just arrived and have an unstable foothold, so they can be defeated in World War I. " The general then led his troops to attack and the enemy retreated slightly. Song Bida sent brave men to attack the middle road, and the enemy fled. Later, the enemy returned to the encirclement on a large scale, and heavy artillery destroyed the battlements of the city wall. Song Bida immediately sent someone to repair the gap and take strict precautions. When reinforcements arrived, the enemy fled. Someone told the governor that many people in the privately-built fortress in the county rebelled, and the governor would send troops to encircle it. Song Bida argued in the bloody book and stopped the encirclement and suppression. When the loyalist returned from Tingzhou, the women who had been abducted wailed in the army every day. Song Bida redeemed it at his own expense, asked his name and address, and sent someone to escort him home.
At first, the county used salt from Huaibei saltworks. In the Ming Dynasty, after Wang Shouren was appointed as the governor of Jiangxi, he changed to Guangdong saltworks. Since then, officials and people have suffered from the inconvenience of going to the salt field to cancel the salt purchase certificate. Song Bida let his superiors offset the salt purchase quota of Guangdong saltworks, which was convenient for businessmen and people. In the end, Song Bida was impeached and dismissed from office because the salt he bought in Guangdong saltworks could not meet the target. People in Ningdu sent him tears, but he refused to accept all gifts and made a detour to Nanchang. Caught by robbers halfway, the robbers threatened him to surrender, but he didn't give in and was locked up 17 days. Suddenly at night, dozens of people came over the wall with weapons and asked, "Where is Master Song? We are all Ningdu people. " Everyone squeezed him out and was rescued.
After he returned to his hometown, Dong Weiguo, the governor of Jiangxi Province, was appointed as the governor of Huguang. When he came to see him, he sighed, "Was it Song Bida who stuck to the lonely city? I pleaded for you in the official department, let you be reinstated and promoted according to the meritorious military service. " Song Bida humbly declined. Later, Song Bida said to people: "A person who loses his official position is like a woman who has been abandoned because of a mistake. How dare they brag? " He was a farmer all his life and died in the field. Ningdu people sacrifice to him every year. A few years later, Yunnan rebel Han Daren fled from Ji 'an to Ningdu, and the county magistrate Wan Zhuansheng defended himself according to Song Bida's method of practicing rural courage, and finally saved the county seat.
2. Translation of Classical Chinese: Zhang Shusheng's Draft of Qing History, Biography of Zhang Shusheng 234 and its translation reference: Translation: Zhang Shusheng, a native of Hefei, Anhui.
When the Taiping Army invaded northern Anhui, Zhang Shusheng and his younger brothers Zhang Shushan and Zhang Shuping led the militia to suppress the uprising. Beyond Hefei, Hanshan, Lu 'an, Yingshan, Huoshan, Buried Hill and Wuwei were successively captured. Especially in the Taihu Lake World War I, 500 people took the lead and repelled tens of thousands of troops in Chen Yucheng, which can be said to have made great contributions, and then the tactics were vigorously promoted.
At that time, Liu Mingchuan, Zhou Shengbo, Pan and others built forts to protect themselves. Northern Anhui was torn apart, leaving only the area west of Hefei. Zeng Guofan called Zhang Shusheng to guard Wuhu. Later, he called Wuwei and was promoted to magistrate.
In five years of Tongzhi, Zhang Shusheng led Li Hongzhang to Shanghai for support. Li Hongzhang established the Huai Army, Zhang Shusheng and Liu Mingchuan led part of the Huai Army respectively, and captured Jiangyin together. Zhang Shusheng was promoted to be a Taoist priest.
Li Hongzhang personally inspected Loumen Cheng Xueqi's army and sent Zhang Shusheng to support Dangkou. Zhang Shusheng breached Xie Jiaqiao, pursued Qimen, and defeated Huang Dai's enemy. Cheng Xueqi was guarded by the city, and the Taiping Army never appeared in the stair-door again.
In the second year of Tongzhi, he attacked Wuxi and Jingui, engaged the enemy in Furong Mountain, defeated the enemy and captured countless warships. He was awarded the title of "Zhuoyong Batulu" and was awarded three official uniforms. Zhang Shusheng pushed into Changzhou.
In the second year (the third year of Tongzhi), more than 20 Taiping Army camps on both sides of the river were attacked continuously and all of them were breached. After capturing Changzhou, he continued to March into Huzhou, Zhejiang, and awarded the title of registered judge of Zhang Shusheng.
Tongzhi for four years, was appointed as Jiangsu Xuhaidao. Soon, he was appointed as a direct record of history and went to Daming to supervise national defense affairs.
In the ninth year of Tongzhi, Zhang Shusheng was transferred to Shanxi. Two years later, he was promoted to Governor of Grain Transportation, acting as the Governor of Jiangsu.
Tongzhi thirteen years, was awarded the governor of Jiangsu. After her mother died, she quit her job and went home to attend the funeral.
In the third year of Guangxu, Zhang Shusheng was highly valued and was appointed as the governor of Guizhou. At the right moment, Guangdong company commander Li occupied Lingshan area, assembled bandit troops to invade Vietnam, and the court ordered Zhang Shusheng to be the governor of Guangxi to deal with the aftermath.
After the matter was solved, he was promoted to the governor of Guangdong and Guangxi, and successively suppressed Xilin Miao bandits and Wu bandits. )。 In the eighth year of Guangxu, Li Hongzhang's mother died and went home to deal with the funeral.
Zhang Shusheng is acting as the Governor of Zhili. When there was civil strife in North Korea, Japanese special envoy Hua led 500 soldiers to enter and forced North Korea to sign an agreement.
Zhang Shusheng (after receiving the report) urgently ordered Wu Changqing and others to rush to North Korea, forcing Japan to sign a contract to withdraw troops. Then, Wu Changqing attacked the chaotic party at night and wiped out all its subordinates. The civil strife in North Korea was quelled, and Zhang Shusheng was allowed to play again, leaving Wu Changqing temporarily stationed in North Korea.
The emperor praised Zhang Shusheng's ability and made him a prince. In the second year, he was appointed governor of Guangdong and Guangxi.
Soon, catching up with the French invasion of Vietnam, Zhang Shusheng reported to the court the French invasion of Vietnam and its advance on China, and supported the anti-French. When the Huai army was defeated in BAC ninh, Zhang Shusheng himself requested to be relieved of the post of the commander-in-chief and concentrate on running the army, and was allowed to ask for instructions after reporting.
Later, he was found guilty of making a false report and was removed from his post. Soon, Zhang Shusheng died of illness and built temples in Zhili, Jiangsu and Hefei in Jingda and posthumous title.
Zhang Shushan has another biography. Zhang Shuping was promoted to lieutenant for recovering Jiangsu counties and accumulating meritorious deeds.
Crushing the twisting army with the army, stationed in Zhoujiakou, led the troops to defeat and subdue them many times. After the Nian Army was pacified, Zhang Shuping was promoted to magistrate and was awarded the title of "Qiu".
Later, he was transferred to Shanxi to be responsible for the military security of the Yellow River Basin. In the second year of Guangxu, he was transferred to Hequ and Baode.
Just as the Anhui army rushed to support Urumqi, Cao, a rogue active in Gansu, fled to the Houshan area. Zhang Shuping was ordered to inspect. After receiving the warning, he chased the rebels in the heavy snow. After the chaos was settled, Zhang Shusheng was given the first costume and was appointed as the company commander of Taiyuan Town.
After moving to Baotou, it was transferred to Datong. In the 13th year of Guangxu, he asked for retirement.
After his death, Li Hongzhang made contributions, and the court gave him a generous pension, and established an ancestral temple in Taiyuan to commemorate him. Zhang Shusheng's biography and translation of the Draft of the Qing Dynasty and the Biography of Grysky 234 Original text: Zhang Shusheng, a native of Hefei, Anhui.
Yuekou disturbed northern Anhui and killed thieves with his brothers Shushan and Shuping. After the cross-border attack, even Hanshan, Lu' an, Yingshan, Huoshan, Buried Hill and Wuwei; And the battle of Taihu Lake, with 500 people trapped, repelled tens of thousands of people in Chen Yucheng, made outstanding achievements, and restored the method of fixing the wall to clear the field.
At that time, Liu Mingchuan, Zhou Shengbo and Pan all built castles in succession, united as one, and northern Anhui was broken, leaving only Xixiang. Zeng Guo defended Wuhu, transferred inaction and moved to the magistrate.
In the first year of Tongzhi, he helped Shanghai from Li Hongzhang. The Huai Army was established, leading the people to be equal with Mingchuan, from Ke Jiangyin to Jindao.
Hong Zhang saw Loumen Cheng Xueqi's army with his own eyes, sent trees to make a detour, broke Xiejia Bridge, drove Qimen to the north, and was defeated by Dai Huang. After learning, he forced the city to join the army, so the Loumen Koudao died. In the second year, he attacked Wuxi and Jingui, attacked Koufurong Mountain, broke it, and took the warship equipment beyond measure, giving him the name Zhuoyong Batulu and three clothes.
The sound of trees pushes Changzhou Over the age of 20, he attacked the river for more than 20 battalions and broke it.
City pull, into the complex in Huzhou, Zhejiang Province, a letter to the provincial judges to register. In four years, Xu Hai Road, Jiangsu Province.
Find the provincial judge in Zhili to go to Daming to argue. Nine years, transferred to Shanxi.
In the second year, he was appointed governor of grain transportation and served as governor of Jiangsu for thirteen years. Stepmother was worried and came back.
Guangxu three years, awarded the governor of Guizhou. Li, the commander-in-chief of Guangdong Province, commanded Lingshan, disturbed Yue, and commanded trees to caress Gui Zhi.
Governor Ning successively wiped out bandits and Wu bandits in the West. In eight years, Hong Zhang lost his mother and was buried, and the sound of trees went straight to the governor.
In the wake of the Korean Rebellion, the Japanese Embassy pledged 500 soldiers to Wang Jing, forced the DPRK to negotiate a treaty, and the tree flew to Wu Changqing and others, so it reached an agreement and sought an alliance and returned. So evergreen and others attacked the disorderly party at night and learned that chaos was certain. Shusheng ordered Changqing to temporarily guard North Korea, respect its ability, and add the prince to protect it less.
Next year, we will also supervise Guangdong and Guangxi. The more you know the law, the more you build a soldier, that is, you smell it as a legal person invasion.
Catch Beining and ask the governor to help the army and report it. If you sit down again, you will be dismissed and remain in office.
A few days later, he died of illness, died in Jingda, and built a temple in Zhili and his hometown in Jiangsu. Shushan has her own biography.
Shuping, in order to recover Jiangsu counties, Ji Xun was the lieutenant. Conscription, stationed in Zhoujiakou, fighting.
3. How to translate Biography of Shihong Li, Draft of Qing History and Divorce in Shihong Li?
Original: a.v.b. broke off marriage. Rural custom marriage books are packed in volumes, which are the birthdays of men and women. The two became solid neighbors, and the girls knew what they had learned. The fake paper proved this. (Li) First ask the media card: "How much does B get from A? Do you have guests when you recruit? " The media proved that it was unexpected and wrong. After asking a, the answers are different. Bao (1) looked at the scroll, and the bamboo was still green. He smiled and said, "If you are engaged for three years, the bamboo color of the scroll is still fresh. Isn't this a lawsuit forger?" A guilty.
To annotate ...
① Break (bò): cut; Separate.
A sued B for dissolution of marriage. According to the custom in the village, the marriage documents are packaged into a book with the birth dates of both men and women written on it. Party A and Party B are old friends of neighbors. Party A already knows the birthday of Party B's daughter. So the marriage certificate was forged to prove it. Shihong Li first asked the matchmaker, "What is the betrothal price of B and A? Who are the guests present at the appointment? " Because the matchmaker didn't care what he expected, he just said the names of some things to answer. I asked Party A the same question and got different answers. I cut open the scroll of the wedding book and saw that the bamboo was still green. I smiled and asked Party A, "If we have been engaged for three years, the scroll of the wedding book is still green. Isn't this a temporary forgery before the complaint? " Party A subsequently pleaded guilty.
4. Two years after conscription in Qing Dynasty, the French-Vietnamese War broke out. Zhang Shusheng invited Feng Zicai to Yingyong for training and sent a special envoy to ask for a lift.
Just arrived, Feng Zicai was wearing a jacket and barefoot, and the shepherd boy came back with the calf. The messenger explained his purpose, but Feng Zicai declined. Later, I heard that Zhang Shusheng was wise, so I went to Guangzhou.
When Zhang Zhidong arrived in Guangzhou, he treated Feng Zicai with courtesy and asked him to command the avant-garde troops to guard Guangdong and Guangxi. A year later, the court ordered Feng Zicai to assist in handling military affairs outside Guangdong.
At that time, Su Yuanchun was in charge, and Feng Zicai was often unhappy because of his new promotion. I heard that there were policemen in lang son and rushed to Nanguan Town, but the French army had burned Nanguan Town and then retreated.
Longzhou was in a critical situation, and Feng Zicai thought that Guanqian Pass spanned the East-West Ridge, which was very steep. He ordered the construction of a long wall, led his subordinate troops to guard it, and sent Wang Xiaoqi's regular army to stay behind. One day, the enemy claimed to attack the pass. Feng Zicai anticipated that the enemy would arrive ahead of time, so he decided to strike first.
Pan Dingxin, stop him. Others don't want to fight.
Feng Zicai argued that he personally led an army to attack Yuan Wen and reached the Commissioner for the third time. At night, he approached the enemy's fortress and killed and captured many enemies.
French soldiers attacked in three ways. Feng Zicai said to the soldiers, "If the French army breaks into the pass again, how can we meet the Cantonese elders?" Fight to the death! "Morale is high, the French attack on the long wall is the fiercest, followed by black soldiers, then bandits, guns rumbling and shaking the valley! The bullets piled up more than an inch thick in front of the position.
All forces of the Qing army joined forces to defeat the enemy, and the enemy gradually retreated. After a day, they flocked again.
Feng Zicai is in the center, behind, on the right and on the left with Chiang Kai-shek. Feng Zicai ordered people to stand still, and those who retreated would be beheaded.
Armed with guns, he left the camp and led his two sons, Feng and Feng Xianghua, to battle. Because Feng Zicai is 70 years old, all the soldiers are encouraged to fight to the death.
The skirmishers and expatriates outside the customs also came to help, killing dozens of French generals and chasing them for 20 miles before coming back. Two days later, Yuan Wen was conquered again and was rewarded. Guicheng and Changqing were successively recovered, and the beheading soldiers with three paintings and five paintings were captured alive 10, and they chased Lamu to recover all the occupied land.
The Vietnamese people have long been unable to stand the tyranny of the French army. When they heard that General Feng's team had arrived, they all came to meet them and compete for their condolences. Feng Zicai called them together to appease sympathy and decided on a plan to suppress the north.
The Vietnamese rushed to build a regiment, under the banner of Feng Zicai's troops, and were willing to be a guide for the Qing soldiers to transport grain. BAC Ninh, Hanoi, Haiyang and Taiyuan competed to respond, and Feng Zicai also resolutely shouldered the heavy responsibility.
So he led the whole army to attack Langjia and divided his troops to attack Beining. At this time, the truce arrived. Feng Zicai was angry, well documented, but not approved. He had to send his troops back to China. On the day he left, the Vietnamese people lined up and walked the streets, shouting goodbye, and Feng Zicai couldn't help crying. Entering Longzhou, the soldiers and civilians bowed down together and greeted each other for three miles.
5. Classical Chinese, "Biography of the Draft of the Qing Dynasty" 120 Li Qingshi, born in Anxi, Fujian, was a college student and studied under Sun.
Qianlong seven years Jinshi, Jishi Shu selected. Fourteen years, awarded the magistrate of Jiaxing, Zhejiang.
On the southern tour, it is still discussed to go from Jiaxing to Hangzhou, not to break the road and open the people's boat. In the Qing Dynasty, it acquired the ownership of the waterway outside Guantang, went to Wujiang to have a look, and issued the Hangzhou Bazimen and the Fuhe number. Father Ding was in a hurry and went to the office.
In addition, he was awarded the magistrate of Yanzhou, Shandong Province. Twenty-two years, Huo Xiuyun River Road.
In twenty-six years, the river burst its banks to Sunjiaji, and the canals on both sides of Xiazhen to Nanyang burst, which was built by the Qing Dynasty. The discussant or suggested that the stake should be 600,000 yuan; Or the proposed stone embankment, with a cost of 3 million.
In the Qing Dynasty, people who walked by the sea when they were young regarded the dikes of the sea as fields, threw stones into the water, blocked them with wood when the tide ebbed, and filled up the dikes because of their participation. There is water on both sides of Hedong and Hexi, so it is difficult to get soil, so that dysprosium accumulates on both sides of the stone base. Among them, the water dried up, and it took an amazing140 thousand to raise soil and release dysprosium, but both dikes were completed.
Cao County overflowed, and the water overflowed into Weishan Lake and out of the mouth of Han Zhuang Lake, which caused Zhabei to destroy the stone dike and dig deep for drainage. I heard about it, and I was ordered to build a rolling dam 10 feet high on its land.
Please ask the Qing dynasty to drop to ten feet, so that the lake will drop to ten feet and the sluice will be closed to store water. Surabaya flows into Fuhe River via Yanzhou West, and Laoyangjiaba in the east of Jining City blocks water to make it enter Racecourse Lake for economic storage and transportation. When the autumn water rises, it can't be discharged, flooding people's fields, changing the dam into a sluice, and opening and closing it depending on the rise and fall of the water.
Wen's water flows into Shushan and Mata Lake. The old water division system made less people go south and more people go north, while the latter was just the opposite. The Cao boat passed the source port and the golden port, and the water was too shallow to get in. In the Qing Dynasty, the water outlet was controlled, and the south dam was made long and the north dam was made short, thinking that this would save time, reduce Hejiaba and make Wenshui weaker in the south and more in the north.
Twenty-nine years, Jiangnan Huaixu Road. In thirty years, the governor of Hedong gave his mother a big satin mink.
In the Qing dynasty, the annual repair of river banks was adopted, and the responsible person was responsible for every situation that was too expensive and the humble person did not gain much. When the water rises, the water level of the levee is determined, and the person with the thinnest levee is selected for training. When autumn water falls, Gengjiazhai (called Fourteen Fortress) is flooded. On the old embankment, a new building is built in advance to avoid it.
Clean up the disadvantages of river workers' requisition of materials, and reduce the allocated materials in that year to10,000,000 kilograms. In thirty-one years, the east bank of the canal flooded, which was originally requested by the forum.
In July of the thirty-second year, he was awarded to the Governor of Shandong. Gaoyuan, Boxing and Le 'an counties were flooded, which was called the lower reaches of Xiaoqing River in Qing Dynasty, so the upper reaches flooded, and our company investigated.
If you work hard and beg for dismissal, you are not allowed. Thirty-three years, pawn.
Although water control in Qing dynasty was good, it was poor. Every time you go in and out by boat, in the barren land, in the tribute port, or on foot, you have to get the essentials, which is common in construction.
(selected from the biography of the Qing dynasty [note] 1 Tang: coins in the state treasury. ② Dysosma: Turnip, also known as Turnip.
Annual or biennial herbs of Cruciferae. 3 plate publicity: emission control.
Li Qingshi, a native of Anxi, Fujian, is the grandson of Li Guangdi, a college student. After seven years in Qianlong, he was elected as Jishi Shu and was appointed as editor.
For fourteen years, he served as the magistrate of Jiaxing, Zhejiang. During the emperor's southern tour, it was suggested to open another waterway from Jiaxing to Hangzhou. Li Qingshi found a connected waterway from outside Guantang, leading to the Hengguan of Wujiang River and the Bazimen of Hangzhou, which is called the auxiliary river.
Resigned at his father's funeral. After the funeral, he was appointed as the magistrate of Yanzhou, Shandong Province.
In the twenty-second year of Qianlong, it was promoted to Canal Road. In the twenty-sixth year of Qianlong, the Yellow River burst in Sunjiaji area, and the riverbanks on both sides of Xiazhen-Nanyang Canal were washed away. Li Qingshi urged the repair.
Some people who are discussing this matter intend to use the bundled revetment to ask for 600 thousand treasury silver; Someone wants to build a stone dam, and it will cost three million taels of silver. When Li Qingshi was a child, she walked by the sea. When he saw the people who built dikes to stop the sea from filling the sea, he threw gravel into the sea, blocked it with stakes after the tide ebbed, filled it with soil and reinforced it into a dam. Li Qingshi referred to this method.
Because there is water on both sides of the canal, it is difficult to borrow soil, so it is ordered to pile stones on both sides and fill grass in the middle. After the river dried up, migrant workers were recruited to dig on it and spent more than 140 thousand taels of silver to build dams on both sides. Cao County sends water into Weishan Lake and flows out from the mouth of Han Zhuang Lake. Han Zhuang sluice is narrow, and the water can't flow out, so it is ordered to destroy the stone embankment in Zhabei and dig ditches on the ground for drainage.
The emperor knew this, and he ordered a rolling dam with a height of 10 feet to be built in this place. Li Qingshi requested that the lake be lowered to a height of ten feet, and after the lake was lowered to a height of ten feet, the gate was closed to store water.
Sihe River flows into Fuhe River through Yanzhou. There used to be a Yangjiaba in the east of Jining to intercept the river and make it flow into Masheng Lake to store water and replenish the canal. In the dog days, the autumn water soared and could not be discharged, flooding the farmland. Li Qingshi ordered the dam to be changed into a gate, which can be opened or closed depending on the water potential. Wenhe River is divided into Shushan Lake and Mata Lake. In the past, when dividing water, let the river flow less south and more north. Later, it was reversed (more in the south and less in the north). When the ship carrying grain passes through Yuankou and Jinkou, the river is too shallow for the ship to cross.
Li Qingshi readjusted the water intake, making the dam in the south longer and the dam in the north shorter, as a measure to control the storage and discharge of river water, and at the same time lowered the height of Hejiaba, making the Wenhe River decrease to the south and increase to the north. In the twenty-ninth year of Qianlong, Li Qingshi was appointed as a quasi-Xu Dao in Jiangnan.
In thirty years, he was promoted to the governor of Hedong, and the emperor gave silks and satins and minks to his mother. Because when repairing the river embankment every year, the person in charge does not measure the height of the terrain, and spends too much money, but fails to raise the low-lying areas; Li Qingshi ordered the official in charge to measure (provide) the size of the riverbank above the water surface when the water level rose, and choose the lowest place to raise the soil.
When the autumn waters surged after the ambush, the river in Gengjiazhai (also known as Shisibao) surpassed the old embankment, and only by the new embankment built in advance did it escape the flood. Li Qingshi rectified all kinds of disadvantages of recruiting river workers and collecting materials, and reduced the collection of materials by 1000 million Jin every year.
In the thirty-first year of Qianlong, the east bank of the canal burst, and Li Qingshi asked for punishment, and the emperor forgave it. In July of the thirty-second year of Qianlong, he served as the governor of Shandong.
Gaoyuan, Boxing and Le 'an counties suffered from floods. Li Qingshi thought that the downstream of Xiaoqing River was blocked and the upstream was broken, and ordered relevant officials to investigate and verify. At this time, he suddenly fell ill and asked to resign, but the emperor did not agree.
Qianlong died in thirty-three years. Li Qingshi is good at observing and inferring water potential and exploring the cause of things.
Often.
6. Shen Qiyuan, a classical Chinese translation of the Draft of Qing History, was born in Taicang, Jiangnan.
Kangxi was a scholar in sixty years, and was elected as Jishi Shu, the director of the history department. After (Qi Yuan), he was promoted to Yuan Wailang.
Governor Gao Qizhuo asked him to take charge of Fuzhou temporarily. Later he was transferred to Xinghua.
Putian people fight with each other because of lawsuits, and Gao Qi Zhuo is afraid of causing trouble. Shen Qiyuan was ordered to arrest and punish them.
Shen Qiyuan fined two people but let others go, and reported that the blame lay with the main family, and others didn't have to ask for it. "Before long, Shen Qiyuan managed the customs and exempted him from improper charges of more than 10,000 yuan.
Governor Chang 'an had a slave in the customs because he asked for miscellaneous fees to trap merchant ships. When Shen Qiyuan heard about it, he immediately urged to collect taxes according to the established quota, allowing merchant ships to pass, and told Chang 'an to let him reprimand domestic slaves.
Since then, people have obeyed the law.
7. The full-text translation of "Draft of the History of Qing Dynasty" is Yin, the word Fu, and a boye from Zhili. In the second year of Yongzheng, he became a scholar, learned from the division of labor, taught the master and moved to be a foreign minister. For five years, he served as the magistrate of Xiangyang. The Hanshui River swelled and the stone dike protecting the city was damaged. There will be supervisors to build, factories to inspect and people forget their work. Create the Eight Waxes Hall to show the mountain where Zhuge Liang lives, and then return to the thatched cottage. In Jingzhou, Shishou hungry people gathered and threatened to rob Canggu. I will ride a horse alone to the Oracle, and the strong one will be second, and everyone will be happy. In nine years, the magistrate of Yangzhou in the south of the Yangtze River was transferred, the old city river was connected with the boat, and the west Shugang River irrigated farmland. Eleven years, moved to Huai River to transport salt. In the New Anding Academy, scholars are interested in learning. After Emperor Gaozong ascended the throne, he added the title of imperial secretary in the capital and promoted two Huai salt administrations.
After two years of Qianlong, he entered the hajj and ordered the governor of Guangdong to resign from his mother. The governor of Henan Province was transferred. Henan please postpone the levy, Cang Ping, regardless of seven old's case, depending on its urgency, it will be handled accordingly. Looking for words: "Li Tian is full of time. Henan people should sow in time and have not raised them yet; Sowing should be done at the right time. I'm going to analyze the planting sequence, issue an edict to the old farmers, and supervise the rate as encouragement. If the working expenses are insufficient, you can borrow Canggu and make up after autumn. The land in the north is vast, cultivated by one husband, ranging from 70 to 80 acres to more than 100 acres, and the labor force is thin. I suggest that the landlord grant land at the price of 30 mu. Give all kinds of fields to those who have no fields, and there will be fewer homeless people. Henan is a saline-alkali sandy land. Plow three feet, salty and moist. I instructed the box to plant suitable wood in the open space, and then there was no open space. Kapok is produced in Henan, but it is sold by merchants in Jiangnan, so there are many organic people. It is suggested to produce public goods. Encourage women to imitate each other. " The imperial edict said: "Do what you want, don't be hasty, and finally don't be lazy. If the people are unhappy, they must not be brought to justice. " Resist a person's life and grant it. In three years, I went to Henan to prepare granaries. At the meeting, he said, "Henan is rich in years old, and the south of Zhili is sorry for years old. The vendors are gathering and the price of rice is rising." I have a teacher, and the land price is high, so I buy it in a neighboring county. The price of neighboring counties is high, and the reported silver is insufficient, which is allocated to the surplus of each category. People in Henan eat wheat first, followed by sorghum, buckwheat and beans. I also let people take care of it and borrow it in the spring. "ShangJiaZhi.
In four years, the Yellow River and Qinshui rose together, causing disasters in 47 counties near the river. Article 16 of the Relief Regulations will be granted. Those who have no food will be given food in January, and those who have no family will be given money to repair their houses. Grain reduction is postponed, and rice is left to transport grain loans. If there is not enough rice, move the millet from other counties to help them, enrich the people and help the poor; And leave the rest of the family to live in poverty, build sheds, live in exile, exempt from rice tax, work for the poor, plant vines to help the people eat, help seeds, bait, and delay students' inspection; It also allows those who have left their homes to beg, with the company to give them, with the motivation to start a business, once they change jobs, they will be sent back to their hometown as capital. Yu Shigong illegally stole more than 160 cases from the annual report, and the autumn trial was changed to more than 30 cases. He was tired of procrastination, so he was honest and cautious at the meeting and was called to the left deputy ambassador to be the suggestion. Chen Shu: "When people say a word, the world is their eyes and ears. Today, the old man is incompetent, and Zhong Zhang, the magistrate of Raozhou, has changed his subordinates because of his age. He suddenly changed in ten days, and the group can't keep it. " Go to the kingdom of Ghana.
A mother will be over 70 years old, so I will ask for the last support. Shangshuiichi
8. The author of the full-text translation of the ancient prose "The Draft of Qing History" is Zhang Xun, a native of Changzhou, Jiangsu.
In the seventeenth year of Kangxi, he was awarded the title of magistrate in Dengfeng and took office. I stayed in the county for three days and vowed not to accept a penny of bribes and not to wronged a good man.
In front of the yamen stood a huge stone with four words engraved on it: "Eliminate the private faction forever." A cabinet was set up to collect opinions, and the people threw their envelopes in. There are never any letters left.
He summoned the exiles and urged them to farm the fields. He inspected the land conditions and crops suitable for planting there, and then urged people to plant kapok and various fruit trees.
The school was also overhauled and Songyang Academy, one of the four major academies in the Song Dynasty, was restored. Mang Zhang hired Geng Jie as a teacher to teach students with Zhu Cheng Neo-Confucianism.
2 1 school has been established from county to remote areas. He examines students, checks them regularly, corrects students' sentence reading, and teaches them the manners of advancing and retreating.
In his spare time, he rides a donkey to visit the poor and ask for help. Small disputes are settled on the spot.
This place, Ludian in the west of the county, has always been easy to go to court. Zhang Biao reviewed Mr. Zhang's talent, recommended him to make a rural convention, and asked him to educate and guide the people, thus completely changing the dishonest folk customs.
Shen Errui, the village chief, will be whipped if he owes taxes. If he finds the tax used by others to pay taxes on the way, he will return the tax to others, preferring to be accused rather than profit from other people's money. Zhang Biao thought he was virtuous and praised him.
The farmer died of high school. His wife Meng was young, and her father-in-law wanted to force her to get married. Meng wept bitterly at her husband's grave and prepared to hang himself.
Zhang Biao happened to change clothes and travel and asked him why he was crying. Knowing the situation, he gave her money and rice to go home, thus exempting her from the corvee. Give her condolences every year and keep her moral integrity.
There used to be many officials in the county government. At that time, the number of lawsuits was decreasing day by day, and there was no place for treachery and fraud. Most small officials have gone home. Those who take turns to be responsible for etiquette duties, when they have nothing to do, pick up farm tools and do farm work when they go home, because there is no way to make money in the yamen.
After five years in power, the people knew that they were on the right track and their living savings were increasing day by day, so they wrote the four characters "Guanqing Folk Music" at their doorstep. I once lamented: "In recent years, the Song and Luo areas seem to have become another world!" In the 22nd year of Kangxi, Mang Zhang was recommended to be promoted as a judge of Nanning because of his outstanding talent.
On the day he left, the people stopped crying and built ancestral temples for him everywhere, making statues and offering sacrifices to him.