Why does it rain at the vernal equinox?
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Why does it rain at the vernal equinox?
Climatic characteristics during the vernal equinox
Vernal equinox solar terms custom
Why does it rain at the vernal equinox?
During the spring equinox, cold air constantly invades the south of China, and there will be low temperature weather in spring. At this time, the continuous rainy days will have a great impact on crops. If the average temperature is lower than 10 ~ 12℃ for more than 5-7 days, it may cause serious rice seedling rot.
Because rice and cotton are both thermophilic crops, when the temperature is above 10 ~ 12 and the minimum temperature in sunny days is above 5℃, it is beneficial to all seedlings. Conversely, if there is low temperature and rainy weather, you can imagine.
First frost is the product of cold wave and strong cold air in spring. In the case of warmer climate, cold waves are relatively rare, but we should not be careless.
There are two concentrated rainfall periods in South China, one is the first flood season from April to June, and the other is the second flood season formed by typhoon rainfall from July to September. The first flood season begins in early April and reaches its peak in mid-May, with an average of 20 rainstorms per year, with the most in June, accounting for more than half of the total rainstorms. It lasts for a long time and the rain is fierce. Because the "vernal equinox" only touches the beginning of the flood season, I won't go into details here.
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Climatic characteristics during the vernal equinox
A ray of sunshine
On the vernal equinox, the sun shines directly at the equator, and day and night are almost equal. Then the position of direct sunlight gradually moved northward, with long days and short nights in the northern hemisphere. The vernal equinox is an important solar term, which not only has astronomical significance: the northern and southern hemispheres are equally divided day and night, but also has obvious characteristics in climate. During the spring equinox, China has entered a beautiful spring scenery except the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, Northeast China, Northwest China and North China. On the vast land, willows are green, yingfei grass is long, wheat is jointing and rape is fragrant.
Two air pressure conditions
During the spring equinox and solar terms, the East Asian trough is obviously weakened, and the trough ridge activity in the westerly belt is obviously enhanced. From Mongolia to the northeast, there are often low-pressure activities and cyclone development. Low-pressure movement causes cold air to go south, and it is windy and windy in the north. When the long wave trough moves eastward, there will be continuous rainy and cold weather due to the intersection of cold and warm air masses.
3. Temperature and precipitation
During the vernal equinox, the daily average temperature in all parts of China rose steadily to above 0℃ except the alpine mountain area and the area north of 45 north latitude. At this time, the cold has passed and the temperature has risen rapidly, especially in North China and Huanghuai Plain. The daily average temperature rises to above 10℃ almost at the same time as the rainy areas along the Yangtze River and the south of the Yangtze River, entering a bright spring. On the vast land, on the bank of willow green, the grass grows in Fei Ying, the wheat is jointing, the rape blossoms are fragrant, the peach blossoms are red, and Li Bai is coming in spring. South China is a scene of late spring. According to the climate law, the precipitation in Jiangnan increased rapidly at this time, and it entered the period of "peach blossom flooding" in spring; In the northeast, north and northwest regions where "spring rain is as expensive as oil", precipitation is still very little, so resisting the threat of spring drought is the main problem of agricultural production.
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Vernal equinox solar terms custom
1, anniversary
In the Zhou dynasty, there was a ceremony to worship the sun at the vernal equinox. Book of Rites: "Altar." Ying Da Shu by Confucius: "Also called vernal equinox". This custom has been handed down from generation to generation. Pan Qingrong won Ji Sheng at the age of Emperor Jing: "The vernal equinox and autumn are a grand ceremony of the country, and scholars should not worship it."
Ritan is located in the east of Ritan Road in the southeast outside Chaoyangmen, also known as Asahi altar. It is the place where emperors of Ming and Qing Dynasties offered sacrifices to Daimyojin (the sun) at the vernal equinox. Asahi is set at the beginning of the vernal equinox. Every year, A, C, E, G and Ren are sacrificed by the emperor himself, and the rest are sacrificed by officials.
Step 2 reward cows
In Jiangnan, the custom of watching cattle and offering sacrifices to birds is very popular. When the vernal equinox arrives, the cows will begin to work for a year, and feeding them dumplings is a reward; Sacrificing hundreds of birds, one is to thank them for reminding them of the farming season, and the other is to hope that birds will not peck at the grain and pray for a bumper harvest.
Step 3 stick the sparrow's mouth
According to custom, farmers have a holiday on the vernal equinox. Every family should eat dumplings, and a dozen or thirty dumplings that don't contain hearts should be cooked and placed on the edge of outdoor fields with thin bamboo forks, which is called sticking sparrows' mouths so as not to destroy crops. The vernal equinox is also a good time for children to fly kites. Especially at the vernal equinox. Even adults are involved. Kites are divided into Wang Zi Kite, Silver Carp Kite, Myxomoth Kite, Leigong Kite and Moon Light Kite. The biggest kite is two meters high, and the smallest one is two or three feet. There are kites on the market, many of which are smaller than others' and suitable for children to play with, but most of them are posted by themselves, and the bigger ones have to compete with each other to see which one flies high.
4. Spring Festival
At the vernal equinox in February, people began to sweep graves to worship their ancestors, also known as the Spring Festival. Before sweeping the grave, a grand ancestor worship ceremony should be held in the ancestral hall, pigs and sheep should be slaughtered, drummers should be invited to play, and the ritual students should read the eulogy and quote three praises. At the beginning of the spring equinox grave sweeping, the first thing is to sweep the graves of ancestors and distant ancestors. The whole family and the whole village have to be dispatched on a large scale, and the team often reaches hundreds or even thousands. After the ancestral graves of Kaiji and Yuanzu were swept, they were divided into rooms to sweep the graves of ancestors in each room, and finally each family swept the graves privately. In most Hakka areas, ancestor worship and grave sweeping in spring begin at the vernal equinox or earlier, and must end in Tomb-Sweeping Day at the latest. There is a saying everywhere that after the Qingming Festival, the tomb door is closed, and the ancestors' spirits are not needed.
Step 5 worship god
The folk festivals around the vernal equinox are February 15, Zhang Kai's birthday: Wang Sheng, also known as "Chen", was a warrior of the Tang Dynasty, Chen Yuanguang, who made great contributions to Zhangzhou and became the patron saint of Zhangzhou after his death. February 19 is the birthday of Guanyin Bodhisattva. Every birthday, many believers will go to Guanyin Temple to worship. On February 25th, Sanshan King Sacrifice Day: Sanshan King refers to Dushan, Mingshan, Jinshan and other mountain gods in Jieyang County, Chaozhou Prefecture, Guangdong Province. In the early years, Chaozhou Hakka immigrants were the patron saint, so the believers were mainly Hakkas.
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