Historical materials and folklore about Taiwan Province Province, Hongkong and Macau.
① Taiwan Province Province (Chinese pinyin: Táiwān, phonetic symbol: Ӧㄞㄨㄢ) is the name of a society, which originated from Taiwo Bay, an indigenous Xilaya community of Pingpu nationality living in Anping, Tainan, meaning coastal land, with the word "Taiwan Province" as the abbreviation. During the Wanli period of the Ming Dynasty, the word "Taiwan Province Province" was officially used.
The traditional Chinese characters with the name "Taiwan Province Province" on the upper right are officially written and used in the official "credentials", documents and textbooks of Taiwan Province Province.
During the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, Taiwan Province Province was called "Island Yi"; The Qin dynasty called it Yingzhou; The Three Kingdoms period was called Yizhou. ? From Sui Dynasty to Yuan Dynasty, it was called begging. ? After the mid-Ming Dynasty, there were many folk names for Taiwan Province Province, such as Keelung (referring to the northern part of Taiwan Province Province), Beigang (the general name for the west coast of Taiwan Province), Daguan, Taiwo Bay (referring to Anping area in Tainan today), which was officially called Dong Fan. ?
Zheng Chenggong changed its name to "East Capital", and later Zheng Jing changed its name to "Dongning". The Qing Dynasty changed its name to "Taiwan Province Province" and established the Taiwanese government, which was subordinate to Fujian Province. This is the official name of Taiwan Province Province. Taiwan Province Province is also called "Treasure Island" because of its rich products. ? [39]? Taiwan Province Province is called "Chinese Taipei" on some international occasions.
The Portuguese call Taiwan Province Province "Formosa", which comes from Ilha Formosa, meaning "beautiful island". It was the main name of Taiwan Province Province in Europe and America before 1950' s? In ancient Japan, Taiwan Province Province was called "Gaosha", "Gaosha Country" and "Alpine Country".
(2) the historical evolution of Hong Kong:
About 6.5438+0.29 million years ago, there were early ancients (Maba people) in Lingnan area. In the pre-Qin period, Lingnan (including Hong Kong) was the land of Baiyue, which was called Baiyue in Lu's Spring and Autumn Annals, Nanyue in Historical Records and Nanyue in Hanshu.
According to official records, Lingnan is a "land of barbarians", and it was not until Qin Jun went south that it merged into civilization. But in recent years, the archaeological community has found that this view is a "historical misunderstanding." A large number of unearthed cultural relics show that Lingnan had splendid Neolithic and Bronze Age civilizations before Qin Dynasty, and it was also one of the cradles of Chinese civilization.
③ Macau:
Archaeological excavations in Macao, especially the painted pottery and jade unearthed in the black sand dunes around the island in 1995, were identified as precious ancient cultural relics four or five thousand years ago. The stone tools unearthed at the same time, such as stone axes, belong to the same cultural system as similar cultural relics unearthed in Zhuhai, not far from Macao in recent years, indicating that the ancestors of the Chinese nation had been working in Macao as early as the Neolithic Age.
Macau, Green Ring Road, Heisha and other places have long been the footprints of Chinese mainland aborigines. During the Shang and Zhou Dynasties, ancient residents lived in these areas. Therefore, among the cultural relics unearthed in Macao and Zhuhai, there are reeds and pots in the Spring and Autumn Period and pottery in the Warring States Period.
(4) Wang Fushi:
Wangfushi is located in Hongmei Valley, Sha Tin. It looks like a woman with a child on her back. It has stood on the mountain for a hundred years. The shape of the rock reveals hope, and the tragic story of the separation of husband and wife spread among the people has become a popular tourist attraction and a good place for citizens to do morning exercises. Many people think it is so sad and touching to climb Mount Wang and listen to Wang Fu's folk songs.
Legend has it that a poor rural family died of illness after giving birth to a baby girl, leaving a baby girl behind. Fortunately, a woman next door also gave birth to a son. She pitied the father and daughter and was willing to breast-feed the baby girl. In a blink of an eye, both children are 6 or 7 years old and get along well as childhood friends.
Soon the girl's father died of overwork, and the orphan girl became a child bride. When she grew up, she got married and gave birth to a pair of sons with her husband, and they were very happy together. Unfortunately, the good times did not last long. One year, there was a drought and rice failed. In order to make a living, her husband was forced to leave his wife and children and go abroad to make a living. Who knows, he never came back and there was no news.
The wife and children lead a miserable life, but they still look forward to being reunited with their families one day. Therefore, every day, women hold their youngest son and carry their eldest son, climb to the top of the mountain and look out at the sea, hoping that their husbands will return and the wind and rain will not change. Mother said sadly, when will the husband come back? One day, when Sanzi climbed the mountain to watch as usual, he was suddenly caught in a storm and heavy rain, and it was more thunder than rain. Sanzi suddenly disappeared into the world in the sudden subsidence, but a boulder appeared where they stood, which was very similar to the missing Sanzi.
Legend has it that they deeply touched the sky, so they turned into stones and stayed on the hills forever. This sad and moving legend has gradually spread widely.
⑤ Macau used to be a small fishing village, whose real name was Haojing or Haojing 'ao, because the berth at that time could be called "Macau". Macao and its vicinity are rich in oysters (that is, oysters), and the inner wall of oyster shells is as bright as a mirror, so Macao is called oyster mirror. Later generations changed the name to a more elegant "Hao Jing". The Brief Introduction to Macao published during the reign of Qing Qianlong said: "Hao Jing's name is written in the history of Ming Dynasty. East-west five or six miles, north-south half way, north-south two bays, you can park. Or the North and South Bay, round as a mirror, is called a mirror. " From this name, a series of Macao aliases such as Haojiang, Haijing and Jinghai were derived. ?
Macau's name comes from a goddess Tianhou in China, who is greatly worshipped by fishermen. She is also called mother. It is said that a fishing boat was caught in a storm while sailing on a clear and windless day, and the fishermen were in danger. At the critical moment, a young girl stepped forward and ordered to stop the storm. The wind has actually stopped, the sea has returned to calm, and the fishing boat has safely arrived at Haijing Port. After getting off the boat, the girl walked to Maggie Mountain, and suddenly a halo flashed and the girl turned into a wisp of smoke. Later, people built a temple to worship the mother where she landed. ?
/kloc-In the middle of the 6th century, when the first Portuguese arrived in Australia, they asked the residents about the local place names, but the residents mistakenly thought it meant the temple and answered "Marco". The Portuguese translated "Macao" with its voice, which became the origin of the Portuguese name Macao. ?
Extended data:
From 65438 to 0553, the Portuguese began to live in Macao. 1887 1 February 1 day, Portugal and the Qing government signed the Draft Convention of the China-Portugal Conference and the Sino-Portuguese Treaty of Reconciliation and Trade, and formally occupied Macao through the formalities of diplomatic documents. Although the Portuguese sought the right of abode of the Ming Dynasty in Macao from 1557, the Ming government still set up a yamen here, which was directly under the jurisdiction of Guangdong Province.
It was not until 1887 that the Portuguese government and the Qing government signed the Sino-Portuguese Reconciliation and Trade Treaty (which expired in 1928), that Macao became a Portuguese colony.
At first, the Portuguese were confined to the south of Macao. 1623, the Portuguese government appointed Marcelo as the first governor of Macao. Macao is famous for its cultural exchanges between China and the West in history. At the end of Ming Dynasty and the beginning of Qing Dynasty, the spread of western learning to the east played an important role in this area and once had a great impact on the operation of the world economy.
Since Macao was occupied by Portugal, the Portuguese have always enjoyed privileges or special status in Macao, which has made the residents dissatisfied. From1August 29th, 849, when Shen Zhiliang assassinated Governor Amalio, to1February 3rd, 966, the "December 13th" incident and the Taipa School incident triggered by the Cultural Revolution showed that people were deeply dissatisfied with the Portuguese privileges in Macao.
1On April 25th, 974, the Portuguese revolution was successful, and the policy of decolonization was implemented, which recognized that Macao was illegally occupied by Portugal and returned Macao to China for the first time. Due to the lack of proper handover conditions at that time, Zhou Enlai, then Prime Minister, proposed to temporarily maintain the status quo in Macao.
103, Deng Xiaoping publicly proposed for the first time to solve the Macao issue left over from history with the principle of "one country, two systems".
From 65438 to 0986, the Chinese and Portuguese governments started four rounds of negotiations on the Macao issue.
1April, 1987 13, the two prime ministers signed the Joint Statement of the Governments of People's Republic of China (PRC) and Portugal on Macao and its two annexes. According to the Joint Declaration, Macao (including Macao Peninsula, Taipa Island and Sixth Ring Road) is the territory of China, and People's Republic of China (PRC) will resume the exercise of sovereignty over Macao on February 20th. China promised to implement one country, two systems for Macao, and ensured that Macao people enjoyed the right of "a high degree of autonomy and Macao people ruling Macao".
1993 On March 3 1, the China People's Congress (NPC) passed the Basic Law of the Macao Special Administrative Region in Beijing. Before 1999, it was the territory of China under Portuguese rule, and the sovereignty of Macao belonged to China.
1 at 0: 00 on February 20th, 1999, witnessed by the heads of state of China and Portugal, Wei Qili, the 27th Governor of Macao, and He Houhua, the1Chief Executive of the Macao Special Administrative Region, handed over the Macao regime at the handover ceremony venue of the new Macao port. The next morning (65438+February 2 1), the people of Macao welcomed the PLA troops stationed in Macao; At this point, People's Republic of China (PRC) officially resumed the exercise of sovereignty over Macao.
20 15 12 16 the State Council executive meeting adopted the administrative division map of People's Republic of China (PRC) and People's Republic of China (PRC) Macao special administrative regions, which came into force on February 20, 2000. 199965438+The Administrative Region Map of People's Republic of China (PRC) and China Macao Special Administrative Regions promulgated by the State Council on February 20th shall be abolished at the same time.