How to preserve wild ginseng? What effect does wild ginseng have?
(2) Modified atmosphere storage is not only an important method to keep ginseng fresh, but also an important means to store dried ginseng. Its principle is that inert gases such as N2 and CO2 are filled in a closed storage environment to reduce the concentration of O2, so that pests die of suffocation due to lack of oxygen, thereby controlling the activities of all microorganisms such as pests and fungi and ensuring good storage conditions in the warehouse. This method is economical, practical and pollution-free. It has been tried on many Chinese herbal medicines and achieved good results.
Prepare the warehouse first, then put sacks, tarpaulins or reed mats under it to prevent moisture from affecting the quality of the goods, then lay a film on it, and then lay a layer of sacks on the film. Put ginseng on the sack, put it neatly, try not to have edges and corners, so as not to break the membrane. Paste the film with a heat sealing machine, and leave a suction port when pasting. When pumping air, connect a vacuum gauge. When the vacuum degree reaches below 2. 13kPa, N2 can be charged. The inflation amount is generally 75% ~ 85% of the volume. Check regularly after filling. If the amount of CO2 increases, it may be that pests and microorganisms move in the mulch. If O2 increases, it means that the plastic sleeve leaks and air enters from the outside. At the same time, N2 should be added to condoms regularly. The operation of CO2 inflation is basically the same as that of N2 inflation.
(3) The oxygen absorber method seals the oxygen absorber and ginseng or ginseng products in plastic bags, so that the oxygen absorber absorbs oxygen in a closed environment, and the oxygen content is reduced to about 0.65438 0%, thus effectively preventing the ginseng and ginseng products from being eaten by insects and mildewed. By this method, the shelf life of valuable pieces can reach 18 months or more. In view of the simple operation and good quality guarantee effect, oxygen inhalation method may play an important role in the preservation of ginseng and its products.
Wild ginseng
Ginseng is the root of Araliaceae plant Panax ginseng C.A.Meyer, named after its humanoid root. According to China People's Pharmacopoeia, ginseng is defined as "the cultivator is a garden ginseng"; "Wild people are wild ginseng". Ginseng is mostly processed into sun-dried ginseng, so the pharmacopoeia contains the characteristics of sun-dried ginseng, but its physical and chemical indexes are not specified. Wild ginseng is commonly known as "wild ginseng", which emphasizes the word "wild", meaning ginseng that grows naturally under pure wild forest.
China's earliest pharmaceutical monograph Shen Nong Ben Cao Jing listed ginseng as the top grade, that is, the best tonic. Its function is to "tonify the five internal organs, calm the heart and soothe the nerves, calm the soul, stop convulsions, eliminate evil spirits, improve eyesight, enjoy intelligence, and prolong life after taking it for a long time." The curative effect of ginseng was discussed incisively. Since then, many medical books have detailed records of ginseng. For example, Li Shizhen's Compendium of Materia Medica is very detailed, with1.8000 words, while the introduction of ginseng is very colorful, occupying1.2000 words. The curative effect of ginseng recorded in the book refers to wild ginseng. In modern times, the chemical composition and pharmacological action of ginseng are tested by cultivated ginseng. There are few modern research reports on wild ginseng, only a little knowledge about its chemical composition is similar to that of garden ginseng, and the content of a few components is quite different. The curative effect of wild ginseng is obviously better than that of garden ginseng, and it may also contain some unknown special ingredients, which is the unique nourishing effect of wild ginseng.
Wild ginseng is mainly distributed in Changbai Mountain, Zhangguangcailing, Xiaoxing 'anling, Russian Far East and North Korea, and Changbai Mountain has the best quality.
Due to the different growth environment and regional climate conditions, the external characteristics of wild ginseng are also different, that is, the root morphology of wild ginseng produced in Changbai Mountain, Russia and North Korea is different. In recent years, due to the limited number of wild ginseng produced in Changbai Mountain, it is far from meeting the needs. Only a small part of Russian wild ginseng is pure wild, and a large part is naturally grown from the seeds of garden ginseng planted in the forest after the 1950s. This part of the wild ginseng is still different from the real wild ginseng and belongs to seed goods. In addition, a large part of wild ginseng sold in many markets at present are all kinds of goods, which are mixed with wild ginseng and moved to the market. What's more, the craft ginseng made by artificial splicing also pretends to be wild ginseng, which seriously damages the legitimate interests of consumers. Why can counterfeit wild ginseng products flow into the market in large quantities? Mainly because consumers rarely see genuine wild ginseng, they don't know the real thing, and because fakes are relatively cheap, they are easily deceived.
Northeast long wild ginseng, sold in the south; Northeasters are proud of producing ginseng, while southerners are proud of eating ginseng; Northeasters are fascinated by counselors and talk a lot; Southerners, on the other hand, look at flowers in the fog, and it is difficult to distinguish between true and false. Really printed a punch line: people who know don't eat, and those who eat don't understand.
How many kinds of wild ginseng are there? There are different opinions in academic circles. Northeast businessmen speak quickly: it's not that complicated. There are only two kinds of wild ginseng in history: real and fake. Genuine products refer to ginseng that really comes from wild Shan Ye forest, and its seeds are planted by birds and animals with geomantic omen, accompanied by arbor, shrub, grass and vines, and have grown naturally for more than 30 years. In the whole life process, ginseng grows naturally, without manual movement or management. Northeasters used to call it pure goods. It is characterized by two words: "wild" and "old". Savages emphasize the authenticity of nature, while old people emphasize the depth of time. Because it basically meets two conditions, and the supply is very small, it lacks commercial significance, so it is often classified as pure wild ginseng.
Fake goods refer to all kinds of garden ginseng planted and cultivated artificially, which are used to pretend to be wild ginseng. Although similar in appearance, it is essentially the direct opposite of "wild" and "old". The weight gain rate controlled manually is mostly around 10 year, which is tender in quality and shallow in efficacy. Physicians in past dynasties criticized it as "supplementing ginseng", and northeastern businessmen used to call it "lying goods".
There is a sharp contrast between truth and falsehood. Wild ginseng resources are increasingly scarce. In order to save species from extinction, governments at all levels in Northeast China vigorously promote the development of seed sowing under forests, hoping that it will strive to improve the quality and replace wild ginseng in the near future. North and south merchants are also generally optimistic about the seed goods under the forest. This will be the most promising category in business.
The identification of the authenticity of wild ginseng products has been puzzling traditional Chinese medicine, pharmacists, pharmacies and traditional Chinese medicine management departments in the south. Although many articles introduce identification methods, they are often discussed from the perspective of pure pharmacology, and are often confused by abstract terms, so it is difficult to understand without seeing the real thing. Most of what southerners see is dry goods. After modeling their bodies, it is hard to tell the truth after "dressing up in disguise". Wild ginseng is scarce, and many colleagues have been working for many years, so it is difficult to see the real thing.
The inspection of wild ginseng commodities is a profound knowledge, involving plant morphology, plant physiology, plant geography, plant ecology and so on. For example, Huo Chunqing's identification technology comes from his familiarity with the quality of fresh goods. The essence of fresh plant morphology is the carrier of various biological information, and only by studying fresh products can we know why. The old masters in the south are little known and can only learn from dry goods, with little effect. After decades of hard work, they have accumulated experience from the starting point and are unwilling to distinguish authenticity!
Indications of wild ginseng: 1, female metrorrhagia, sudden postpartum loss, prolonged weakness.
Uterine bleeding refers to the absence of menstruation, massive vaginal bleeding, or continuous massive bleeding. In the name of sudden bleeding, urgency and excessive blood volume, it is called "collapse". The momentum is slow, the blood volume is small, and the name "leaks" constantly. The main causes are blood heat, qi deficiency and yin deficiency of liver and kidney.
2, premature ejaculation and nocturnal emission, night sweats due to yin deficiency, dizziness and headache.
The pathological key of premature ejaculation is that the kidney does not store semen, which leads to semen leakage. Wet dream belongs to yin deficiency, and nocturnal emission belongs to kidney deficiency.
3, fatigue, fatigue, eating less, nausea, vomiting.
Sun-dried ginseng (white ginseng, wild ginseng) is cool, mellow and has no strong flavor. It nourishes vaginal fluid by invigorating qi, especially when used alone. If the body with yin deficiency is prone to get angry, raw ginseng should be used instead of red ginseng. "Biography of yuechi county Ginseng": "Ginseng eats cold raw and nourishes yin bitter."
Usage and dosage of wild ginseng:
(1) Take 3 grams of soup gas to 10 grams, and 30 grams can be used in large doses.
(2) After grinding, take 1g to 3g.
(3) Ginseng wine: Compendium of Materia Medica
30 grams of ginseng. Mash ginseng into powder and make wine with the same distiller's yeast and rice, or soak 1 piece of ginseng in a clean bottle for 3 to 5 days, drink 1 2 cups on an empty stomach every morning and evening, and add it after the wine is exhausted. Ginseng should be eaten as a meal if it tastes weak. Indications: long-term illness with qi deficiency, white but tasteless, diarrhea due to spleen deficiency, listlessness, inappetence, asthma due to lung deficiency, inactivity, spontaneous sweating due to pulse deficiency, fluid injury and thirst, anxiety and insomnia, dreaminess, fright and forgetfulness.
(4) Ginseng wine: Compendium of Materia Medica
20g of ginseng, 0g of grape100g, 50g of white wine. Chop ginseng, wring juice, put it in a container, add Chinese liquor, seal it, shake it evenly once a day, soak it for 7 days, and take it orally twice a day on an empty stomach, each time 10g. Indications: weakness of body and qi, backache and fatigue, dry cough, night sweats due to yin deficiency, loss of appetite, and lack of body fluid.
(5) Turtle Wine: Renshou Record
Ginseng 15g, cinnamon 15g, liquor 1000g. After the previous washing, put it into a container, add white wine, seal it, soak it for 7 days, and then remove the residue. Take 30 grams twice a day.
Suitable for deficiency of qi, numbness of hands and feet, emaciation, listlessness and loss of appetite.
(6) Ginseng and Walnut Tea: Compendium of Materia Medica
3 grams of ginseng, walnut kernel 10 gram. Wash ginseng and walnut kernel, slice ginseng, put it in the same pot, add appropriate amount of water, boil it with strong fire, and then simmer 1 hour, one dose a day, and take it before going to bed. Yiqi Bushen Treat wheezing, shortness of breath, spontaneous sweating, fatigue, pallor and emaciation.
(7) Ginseng porridge: Edible Materia Medica
Ginseng powder 3 grams, a small amount of rock sugar, japonica rice 100 grams. At the same time, put in a casserole (not an iron pot) to cook porridge, and drink it on an empty stomach for breakfast in autumn and winter. Nourish vitality and five internal organs. It is mainly used for treating diseases such as old age and infirmity, weakness of five internal organs, emaciation due to chronic illness, loss of appetite, chronic diarrhea, palpitation and shortness of breath, insomnia and amnesia, sexual dysfunction and so on. Note that all middle-aged and elderly people with yin deficiency and excessive fire are not available in summer.
(8) Ginseng Lotus Seed Soup: "Eating is about to happen"
Ginseng 10g, lotus seed 10g, and ice cream 30g. Put ginseng and lotus seeds into a bowl, add water to foam, and then add rock sugar. Put the bowl filled with medicine into a boiling pot and steam 1 hour. Drink soup and eat lotus seed meat while eating. Ginseng can be used three times in a row, and the next day, lotus seeds, ice particles and water are added, such as steaming and drinking in the previous method. By the third time, you can eat it with ginseng twice a day. It is mainly used for treating asthenia, qi deficiency, spleen deficiency, anorexia, burnout, spontaneous sweating and diarrhea. Be careful not to use it for people with yin deficiency and excessive fire. Don't use it in hot summer, eat it in autumn and winter.