What is the best Christmas greeting? (One sentence in Chinese, one sentence in English)
Legend has it that there was a monster named Nian in ancient China. Its head was long, sharp and fierce. I lived at the bottom of the sea for many years in. Every New Year's Eve, it crawls ashore to devour livestock and kill people. Therefore, every New Year's Eve, people in the village help the elderly and take care of the young, and flee to the mountains to avoid the injury of the year.
On New Year's Eve this year, the villagers were busy packing their bags and fled to the deep mountains. At this time, an old man with white hair came to the east of the village and told an old woman that as long as he stayed at her house for one night, Nian beast could be driven away. People didn't believe it, but the old woman suggested that he go up the mountain to avoid it. The old man insisted on staying. When they saw that he couldn't stay long, they went up the mountain to take shelter.
When the beast was ready to break into the village and wreak havoc as usual, suddenly there was firecrackers from the white-haired old man. Nian beast trembled and never dared to move forward. Originally, Nian beast was most afraid of red, fire and explosion. At this moment, Daimon Masaru opened the door and saw an old man in a red robe laughing in the hospital. Nian beast was frightened to disgrace and fled in haste.
The next day, when people returned to the village from the mountains, they found the village safe and sound. It suddenly dawned on me that the white-haired old man was a fairy who helped everyone drive away the Nian beast. At the same time, people also found three magic weapons for the white-haired old man to drive away the Nian beast. Since then, every year on New Year's Eve, every family has posted red couplets and set off firecrackers to keep the lights on. This custom has become the most solemn among the people of China.
Legend of Double Ninth Festival
In the Eastern Han Dynasty, there was a plague demon in Ruhe. As soon as it appeared, people in every family got sick and died every day. People in this area were ravaged by plague.
A plague killed Heng Jing's parents, and he almost died himself. After recovering from his illness, Hengjing bid farewell to his wife and villagers and decided to visit immortals to learn art, so as to eliminate the epidemic for the people. Hengjing visited the famous mountains and highlands, and finally found a magical fairy on the oldest mountain in the East. Under the guidance of the crane, the immortal finally took in Heng Jing, and gave him a demon-reducing sword in addition to teaching him. Hengjing forgot to eat and sleep and practiced hard, and finally became a martial arts.
On this day, the immortal called Heng Jing to his side and said, "Tomorrow, on the ninth day of September, the plague god will come out to do evil again. As you know, it's time to go back and kill the people." The immortal sent a bag of dogwood leaves and a cup of chrysanthemum wine to Hengjing, and secretly taught him how to ward off evil spirits and let Hengjing ride a crane home.
Hengjing returned to his hometown. On the morning of the ninth day, according to the instructions of the fairy, he led the villagers to a nearby mountain, and then gave everyone a dogwood leaf and a cup of chrysanthemum wine. At noon, with a few strange cries, Yaowen rushed out of Ruhe River, and just as Yaowen rushed to the foot of the mountain, suddenly there were bursts of strange fragrance of Cornus officinalis and mellow fragrance of chrysanthemum. Mo Wen stopped suddenly and his face suddenly changed. Heng Jing chased down the mountain with a demon-reducing sword, and stabbed Mo Wen to death in a few rounds. Since then, the custom of climbing mountains on the ninth day of September to avoid epidemics has been handed down year after year.
Legend of Dragon Boat Festival
During the Warring States period, Chu and Qin fought for hegemony, and the poet Qu Yuan was highly valued by the King of Chu. However, Qu Yuan's ideas were opposed by the old school headed by the above officials, doctors and Shanxi merchants, and he constantly vilified Qu Yuan in front of Chu Huaiwang. Chu Huaiwang gradually alienated Qu Yuan, and Qu Yuan, who had great ambitions, was deeply distressed. With uncontrollable sadness and indignation, he wrote immortal poems such as Li Sao and Tianxiang.
In 229 years before Wu Gong, Qin captured eight cities in Chu, and then sent envoys to invite Chu Huaiwang to make peace with Qin. Qu yuan saw through the plot of the king of Qin and risked his life to enter the palace to state his interests. Chu Huaiwang did not listen, but expelled Qu Yuan from the capital. Chu Huaiwang attended the meeting as scheduled and was imprisoned as soon as he arrived in Qin. Chu Huaiwang was filled with remorse and died in the state of Qin three years later. Shortly after the King of Chu ascended the throne, the King of Qin sent troops to attack the State of Chu. The King of Chu retreated hastily and Qin Jun captured Ying City. On the way to exile, Qu Yuan heard the bad news of sudden death and the attack on Tancheng, but he was so desperate that he sighed and jumped into the turbulent Guluo River.
Fishermen on the river and people on the shore heard that Dr. Qu Yuan threw himself into the river and came to the river to salvage Qu Yuan's body, and brought zongzi and eggs into the river one after another. Some doctors also poured realgar wine into the king, so that the medicine could make dragons and water beasts unconscious and prevent Qu Yuan from being hurt.
Since then, every year at the beginning of May-Quyuan was martyred in the river, the people of Chu all went to the river to row dragon boats and throw zongzi to commemorate this great patriotic poet, and the custom of the Dragon Boat Festival was thus handed down.
Legend of Mid-Autumn Festival
According to legend, there were ten suns in the ancient sky, which made the earth smoke and the sea dried up, and ordinary people could not live any longer. This incident alarmed a hero named Hou Yi. He climbed to the top of Kunlun Mountain, walked with divine power, drew the bow, detonated nine redundant suns in one breath, and saved the people in from the mire. Soon, Hou Yi married a beautiful wife named Chang 'e.
One day, Hou Yi went to Kunlun Mountain to visit friends and seek truth. He happened to meet the Queen Mother passing by and asked her for a pack of elixir. It is said that after taking this medicine, he can ascend to heaven immediately. However, Hou Yi was reluctant to leave his wife, so he had to hand over the elixir to Chang 'e for collection.
Unexpectedly, it was seen by Meng Peng, the doorman of Hou Yi. When Meng Peng and other Hou Yi went out, they threatened Chang 'e to hand over the elixir. Knowing that Chang 'e was no match for Meng Peng, he decided to take out the elixir of life and swallow it in one gulp. After Chang 'e swallowed the medicine, her body immediately flew off the ground and into the sky. Because Chang 'e was worried about her husband, she flew to the nearest moon and became a fairy.
When Hou Yi came back, the maids cried about everything. In grief, she looked up at the night sky and called his wife's name. At this time, she was surprised to find that the moon was particularly bright tonight, and there was a swaying figure resembling Chang 'e. Hou Yi ordered people to put a table of incense, put on Chang 'e's favorite honey and fresh fruit, and sacrificed Chang 'e in the moon palace. When people heard that the Goddess Chang'e flying to the moon flew to the Goddess Chang'e flying to the moon as a fairy child, they would put an incense table on the edge of the moon and pray for kind the Goddess Chang'e flying to the moon. Since then, the custom of Mid-Autumn Festival in Yue Bai has spread among the people.
The Origin of China's Surname
China people had surnames before the Three Emperors and Five Emperors (about 5,000 years ago). At that time, it was a matriarchal society, only knowing that there was a mother and no father. Therefore, "surname" is composed of "female" and "born", which means that the earliest surname is the mother's surname. In Xia, Shang and Zhou dynasties, people had surnames and surnames. Ye comes from the name of the village where you live or the tribe to which you belong. It comes from the land sealed by the monarch, the title granted to him, the official position he held, or the title added according to his merits after his death. So nobles have surnames, and famous people have surnames; Civilians have surnames, and famous people have no surnames. The same men and women can get married, but the same men and women can't get married. Because China people have long discovered this genetic law: consanguineous marriage is bad for future generations.
During the reign of Emperor Taizong, in 627 AD, Gao Shilian, a senior official of the official department, recorded the correspondence between the people and wrote a book, Genealogy, which was published all over the world as the basis for recommending talents to serve as officials or engage in marriage at that time.
Hundred Family Names, which was popular in the old society of China, was written in the Northern Song Dynasty (AD 960). Among them, 408 single surnames and 30 compound surnames were included, which lasted for 438 years. Later, it was said that there were 4,000 to 6,000, but only about 1000 was actually used.
All countries in the world have the saying of "three surnames", and Britain is: Smythe, Jones and Williams; The United States is: Smith, Johnson, Carson; ; France is: Martin, Bernard, DuPont; The Germans are: Schultz, Muller, and milt; The Soviet Union is: Ivanov, Vasiliev, Detnov; What about China? There are three most popular surnames, Zhang, Wang, Li and Zhao Si, which have a long history and are widely distributed, and all of them were given by the emperor. According to the latest statistics, there are 100 million people surnamed Zhang alone, which is probably the largest surname in the world. 1977 historian Li Dongming published a paper on Lu Yi in Oriental Magazine, which pointed out:
The top ten surnames of China people are: Zhang, Wang, Li, Zhao, Chen, Yang, Wu, Liu, Huang and Zhou. These ten surnames account for 40% of China's population, about 400 million people. The next ten surnames are: Xu, Zhu, Lin, Sun, Ma, Gao, Hu, Zheng, Guo and Xiao. It accounts for more than 10% of the population of China. The top ten surnames are Xie, He, Xu, Song, Shen, Luo, Han, Deng, Liang and Ye. It accounts for 10% of the population of China. The next 15 surnames are: Fang, Cui, Cheng, Pan, Cao, Feng, Wang, Cai, Yuan, Lu, Tang, Qian, Du, Peng and Lu. Add up to 10% of the total population. In other words, among China's one billion people, 700 million people have these 45 surnames. The surnames of more than 300 million people are relatively rare, including Mao, Jiang, Bai, Wen, Guan, Liao and Chi.
The Legend of Tomb-Sweeping Day
During the Spring and Autumn Period, Zhong Er, the son of the Jin Dynasty, went into exile to escape persecution. On the way to exile, he was tired and hungry in a deserted place and couldn't stand up anymore. After looking for it for a long time, the minister couldn't find anything to eat. Everyone is anxious. Minister meson pushed him to a secluded place, cut a piece of meat from his thigh and cooked a bowl of broth for childe to drink. Zhong Er gradually recovered his spirit. Zhong Er shed tears when he found that the meat was cut off by mesons pushing his legs.
Nineteen years later, Zhong Er became the monarch, that is, the historical Jin Wengong. After he ascended the throne, Wen Gong rewarded the heroes who accompanied him in exile at first, but forgot to push the meson. Many people complained about meson push and advised him to admire it. However, mesons despise those who strive for merit the most. He packed his bags and quietly went to Mianshan to live in seclusion.
Hearing this, Jin Wengong was ashamed and personally took someone to ask Jiexiu, but Jiexiu had left home for Mianshan. Mianshan Mountain is high and dangerous, with dense trees. It's hard to find two people. Someone offered a plan to burn Mianshan from three sides and force a meson to push out. The fire burned all over Mianshan, but there was no trace of meson push. After the fire was put out, it was found that Jiezitui had sat under an old willow tree with his old mother on his back and died. Jin Wengong cried. When I was buried, I found a bloody book in a tree hole, which said, "May my master always have a clear-cut stand." To commemorate meson tui, Jin Wengong ordered that this day be designated as Cold Food Festival.
The following year, Jin Wengong led the minister to climb a mountain to pay homage, and found that the old willow tree came back from the dead. He named the old willow "Qingming Willow" and told the world that the day after the Cold Food Festival was designated as Tomb-Sweeping Day.
Legend of the lantern festival
After the death of Emperor Gaozu Liu Bang, Lv Hou's son Liu Ying became Emperor Hui of Han Dynasty. Hui Di was born weak and indecisive, and his power gradually fell into the hands of Lv Hou. After Hui Di's death, he monopolized state affairs and turned Liu's world into Lu's. Senior officials in the DPRK and Liu Zongshi were deeply indignant, but they were afraid of cruelty and dared not tell anyone.
After Lv Hou's death, Zhu Lu has been in a state of anxiety, afraid of being hurt and excluded. So, he secretly gathered in the general's home and plotted with * * * to make trouble in order to completely seize Liu's country.
This story reached the ears of Liu Nang, the king of Liu. In order to defend Liu's country, Liu Nang decided to attack, and got in touch with the founding fathers and designed to get rid of them. The "Zhulv Rebellion" was finally completely put down.
After the rebellion, the ministers made Liu Heng, the second son of Liu Bang, emperor and called him Emperor of Chinese. Impressed by the hard-won peace and prosperity, Emperor Wen designated the 15th day of the first month of the first month to quell the "Zhu-Lu Rebellion" as a day to have fun with the people, and every household in Beijing celebrated with lanterns and colorful decorations. Since then, the fifteenth day of the first month has become a folk festival celebrated by everyone-"Lantern Festival".