Opening during the Spring Festival, brief introduction to the single building of Fushun Shengui Mountain Cultural Tourism Project

1. County government gate:

The building complex of the county government in ancient China was surrounded by a high wall. The only entrance and exit of this outer wall was the gate located directly south of the central axis. . This gate is also called the "head gate". It is not a simple doorway, but a building with a roof.

Fushun was a territory belonging to Jiangyang in ancient times. Due to the prosperity of the salt industry, it was established as a county in 567 AD. It was once a prefecture, prison and county. In 1036, Dr. Taichang Zhou Yanjun was elected as the governor of Fushun. Zhou Zhong educated his talents and trained Li Mian, the first Jinshi in Fushun, in 1042. In the fourth year of Qingli in the Northern Song Dynasty (AD 1044), Zhou immediately proposed the construction of a Confucian Temple (Academic Palace). However, 477 years had passed since the establishment of the county. The county office, which was originally located in the "Feng Shui Treasure Land" of Dayanmen, was moved to the Confucian Temple. The county office retreated to Shengui Mountain and had no choice but to open the gate to the west in violation of regulations. This move of emphasizing religion will be passed down as a good story in later generations.

2. "Yingbin Building"

A place to welcome guests and receive people.

3. Yimen

Inside Yimen is the lobby courtyard where government functions are concentrated, so Yimen is also an important portal. The Yimen is also a gate with a roof, with three bays and generally only one bay in depth.

The ceremony gate is usually closed, and will only be opened when the Shangguan arrives or the county magistrate’s elders arrive, and the county magistrate is here to greet and see off. To enter and exit the lobby courtyard, you have to take the specially opened convenience doors on both sides of the Yimen. A convenience door is often just a simple door opening, also called a "foot door" or "corner door". In the fifteenth volume of the Ming Dynasty novel "Awakening the World", "He Daqing hates the mandarin ducks and sash", it is mentioned that "in all yamen, there is a rule of entering from the east and exiting from the west." Generally, people enter through the east side door and exit through the west side door, just like we do now. The rules for walking on the right are the same.

4. Lobby

The first hall, the main hall, or the "lobby" and "gongtang", is located in front of the middle courtyard, facing south, towering and majestic, and architecturally it is the county government office. The most majestic of the offices, and also the most important in terms of function, it is the place for lawsuits and trials.

5. East and West Wings

The two sides in front of the lobby of the central courtyard are the east and west wing rooms. The west wing room is for "Bing", "Xing" and "Gong", and the east wing room is for "Li" and "Household". "Li", they are collectively called "Dongsi" and "Xisi" together with the Qiangang depot in the east and the military equipment depot in the west. The east treasury is in charge of the county magistrate (eighth grade), and the west treasury is in charge of the official (eighth grade). The sixth house's official title is "Jing Cheng" and its deputy title is "Guan Nian".

6. Official Office

It manages the promotion and transfer of county officials, issues letters of appointment, is responsible for registering Jinshi in the county, appointing people to deputy rankings and conferring titles, etc. Its functions are equivalent to " Personnel Bureau".

7. Household House

Household House, also known as "household grain house", is responsible for collecting grain and paying taxes in the county, converting it into silver taels and escorting it to the imperial treasury. It also handles disaster relief in years of famine. Regarding food matters, the "inheritance" of the household is also customarily called "Master Qiangu".

8. Ceremony Room

Mainly manages Confucianism, education, celebrations, sacrifices, etc., assists the magistrate in teaching during the imperial examination, organizes children to take the examination, supervises the venue, distributes test papers, and handles various During the celebration, he was in charge of the county magistrate's inspection, ceremonial guard, and drum music.

9. Barracks

Responsible for recruiting soldiers, horses, training soldiers, and transporting soldiers to superiors throughout the county. Post stations, military stores, city defense, and bandit suppression are all under the jurisdiction of the barracks thing.

10. The execution room

Responsible for the civil and criminal cases of the county. His subordinates include supervisors, assistants, executioners, jailers, and servants.

11. Workshop

In charge of the county's sericulture, weaving, building offices, city defenses, nunneries, temples, pagodas, water conservancy construction, silver casting, gun and equipment casting, sculpture and shaping, Destroy counterfeit currency etc.

12. Temple of the Prison God (left side of the lobby)

The Temple of the Prison God, also known as the "Prison God Temple", is a kind of temple or altar set up in prisons during the feudal era. It worships the so-called "prison god", hence its name. When criminals are first imprisoned, or after being sentenced, they must sacrifice to the prison god.

Generally, before the Ming Dynasty, the "prison god" was Gao Tao, but in the early Qing Dynasty, it was changed to Xiao He, so it was also called Xiaowang Palace.

13. Earth God (right side of the lobby)

Earth God is one of the oldest gods in China and is the patron saint of village courtyards. The land god originated from the primitive land worship. People obtained food and other means of living from the earth. The quality of the year determined the amount of harvest. Therefore, people believed that this was determined by the god in charge of the land. Therefore, gathering soil For the community, worship the land god and hope for good weather and abundant harvests. Later, the land god gradually evolved into a god among the people who not only ensured good harvests but also ensured peace.

14. Chongwen Terrace

Formerly known as Sizhao Tower. Zhou Yanjun, Dr. Taichang of the Song Dynasty, appointed Fushun magistrate. Under his initiative, Fushun attached great importance to education and built a Confucian temple. In commemoration of Zhou Yanjun's contribution to the enlightenment of Fushun's literary style, it was named Chongwentai.

15. Second Hall

The second hall is the daily office of the county magistrate. In addition to being promoted to the lobby director in the morning, the magistrate mostly works in the second hall, handles daily official affairs, summons subordinates individually, and Scope research work. In addition, most civil cases are often heard here.

During the Ming and Qing Dynasties, the trials of civil and criminal cases were separated. Criminal cases were heard in the lobby and civil cases were heard in the second hall. When deciding the case in the second hall, the magistrate usually tells the plaintiff and defendant some content such as the Three Cardinal Principles and the Five Constant Rules, and uses these feudal ethics and morals to educate them, so as to achieve the purpose of resolving disputes. Punishment is rarely used unless the parties are stubborn and stubborn. , torture is used only when preaching alone cannot solve the problem.

16. Garden of Three Provinces

"Garden of Three Provinces" comes from "Learning is the first" in "The Analects". Zengzi said: "I will examine myself three times in a day - I will be unfaithful to others." Do you not believe it when you are in the suburbs with your friends? "It is said that Sanshengyuan is the backyard of the county government office and a resting place for county officials.

17. Duanzhu Tower

Formerly known as Xihu Tower. During the four years from the 38th to the 41st year of Qianlong's reign, the famous scholar Duan Yucai acted in county affairs twice in Fushun. This building was Duan Yucai's study place after work, and it was also known as "Duan Yucai's study building" among the people. .

During his tenure in Fushun, Duan Yucai moved the Wenchang Palace, erected a monument to Xue Weng Temple, built the Minglun Hall of the Confucian Temple, added a school building and renamed it Xueyi Academy, and made great contributions to culture and education. In addition, during his tenure in Fushun, Duan Yucai presided over the compilation of "Fushun County Chronicles", completed the "Six Books Phonological Table", "The Book of Songs Primary School", and began to write the "Shuowen Jiezi Annotation". It can be said that the four years that Duan Yucai served in Fushun were also a critical four years in his academic history. Many of his theories and the conception of important works were completed during this period.