The ultra-detailed meaning of Taohuayuan and Wuling is answered by experts.
Wuling is the name of this county. Tao Yuanming's "Peach Blossom Garden" said: "Jin, Tai and Yuan, Wu Lingren engaged in fishing ..." This Wu Lingren should be regarded as "a native of Wuling County". Emperor Xiaowu of Jin Dynasty, the Book of Chao written by Jin (Shang) and Wu, and Wuling in the Six Dynasties should also refer to Wuling County.
However, many people regarded Changde as Wuling County at that time. All wet.
Tao Yuanming (352 or 365 or 372 or 376-427), alias Mr. Wuliu, changed his name to Qian in his later years. After his death, relatives and friends celebrated Jingjie privately. The Eastern Jin Dynasty Xunyang (now Jiujiang City, Jiangxi Province) was a Chai Sang. Tao poems 125, mostly five-character poems. From the content, it can be divided into three categories: drinking poems, chanting poems and pastoral poems. Tao Yuanming is the first poet in the history of China literature who wrote a large number of drinking poems. Tao Yuanming has the largest number of pastoral poems and the highest achievements. Tao Yuanming's existing articles include 3 poems, 5 rhymes and 4 essays, totaling 12.
Xiao Tong, Prince Zhaoming of Liang Dynasty, attached great importance to Tao Yuanming's poems and couldn't put it down. Xiao Tong personally compiled, prefaced and passed on Tao Yuanming. The Collection of Tao Yuanming is the first collection of literary works by scholars in the history of China literature, which is of great significance. Xiao Tong praised "his prose is not crowded, his words are brilliant, his ups and downs are obvious, he is superior to others, and his cadence is as bright as Beijing".
Tao Yuanming was the most outstanding poet in the Han, Wei, Southern and Northern Dynasties.
Naturally, you won't write Wuling after the Sui Dynasty, will you? Which is now Changde County.
The place name "Wuling" first appeared in the early Western Han Dynasty. "History of Han Geography" records: "Wuling County, the emperor is high, and the name is Jianping. It belongs to Jingzhou. Regarding the setting time of Wuling County, Zhu recorded it as "the second year of Emperor Gaozu (the first 205 years)" and named it Wuling. According to Liang Zhu's biography of the sages, Zhao Jue, the satrap of the Jin Dynasty, asked Pan Jing, the main book: "Why is your county named Wuling? Jing Yue:' Bi County, whose real name is Yiling, is in the border of Chenyang County, and it is adjacent to barbarians, and was destroyed by barbarians. Guangwu moved to the east, and when it was all, the number was changed. "Biography" said: Stop fighting for martial arts, "Poetry" notes: Gaoping is the mausoleum', so it was renamed Yan. Wuling County was named after Zuo Zhuan and The Book of Songs, which began in the early Han Dynasty and was later changed to Yiling County. In the Eastern Han Dynasty, it was renamed "Wuling County", that is, the "Wuling" in Changde is actually a "cottage".
It was not until the Great Migration of the Three Gorges of the Yangtze River and the archaeological rescue work in the Three Gorges reservoir area that the real Wuling appeared. Wuling Town, Wanzhou District, Chongqing, an ancient town with a history of more than 3,000 years, was founded by the Northern Zhou Emperor (56 1) and later by Yuanyang County. In the fourth year of Jiande (575), it was changed to Wuling County, and it was reduced to Wuling County after the war.
A great analysis of Wuling historical data
Xia and Shang dynasties
Xia, Yun: It is divided into Kyushu and Wuling belongs to Liangzhou.
Shang, saying, "Nine has nine perimeters", notes that all Kyushu and Wuling belong to it, just like summer.
Yu 'an Mujian Mountain. Intention: In the past, Dayu managed the water here, and all the mountains drifted away, but this mountain did not move, so it was named.
The origin of Yu 'an's name, according to legend, Dayu was tired when he passed by, and rested here all night.
Western Zhou Dynasty and Eastern Zhou Dynasty (Spring and Autumn Period and Warring States Period)
History: "The King of Wu made a fortune, and Bashu returned to Yan". "Bashi Yongrui, singing and dancing with Lingyin people" is precisely because he participated in the final victory of the King of Wu, so he named this place Ba Du Jiang House (now the main city of Chongqing) Wuling, which belongs to Ba. Volume 69: 120 miles west of Wuning Abandoned County ... . .
At that time, Wanzhou aborigines were the gathering place of Liao people (the totem was mantis), and they should have attended the funeral of King Wu. Huayang Guozhi recorded that Ba people included the barbarians of Pu, Zong, Ju, Slave, Lao and Yan.
The largest ancient tomb in the Three Gorges reservoir area
In 2003, a tomb of the Warring States period was found in Daqiuping Tomb of Group 7 in Xiazhong Village, Wuling Town, with a length of 22 meters, a tomb length of 1 1.2 meters, a width of 10 meters and a depth of 9.4 meters, and hundreds of cultural relics were unearthed.
surname
In 3 16 BC, Qin Mieba, Sheba County and Wuling were genera.
In the fifth year of Liang Wudi (3 16 BC), Zhang Yi and Sima Cuo led troops to attack Ba (now eastern Sichuan) and Shu (now western Sichuan).
Bashu is in today's Sichuan. Chengdu, the capital of Shu (now Sichuan), is the "head of Rong Di". Pakistan's Duba (now the north bank of Jialing River in Chongqing, Sichuan) was at odds with Shu and made friends with Ju. This year, the king of Shu sent troops to attack Shu, and Hou went to Pakistan to ask Qin for help. The king of Qin wanted to attack Shu, but it was difficult to get there by land. When Han came to attack again, he hesitated and asked for advice. Zhang Yi advocates attacking South Korea, hijacking Zhou Wang and seizing Zhou Wang to rule the world, so as to establish Wang Ye. Sima Cuo advocated taking the opportunity to destroy Shu, thinking that "the land is enough to spread the country" and "taking its wealth is enough to enrich the people and cultivate troops" ("Warring States Policy Qin Ce-"); Moreover, Bashu can communicate with Chu by water. "If you get Shu, you will get Chu, and if Chu dies, the world will merge" (Huayang State governs Shu). The King of Qin adopted Sima Cuo's idea, and ordered Yi Cheung, Sima Cuo and a man named Mo to lead the army to attack Shu through the road (from Mianxian County, Shaanxi Province to the southwest, across Qipanling into Sichuan, and through Chaotiangong to Jianmenguan). The King of Shu personally led an army to resist (now northeast of Jiange, Sichuan), but he was killed and Shu died. Later, Yi Cheung, Sima Cuo and others captured Ju 'an and Ba and captured them alive. The King of Qin demoted the prince's younger brother Shu as Hou, Chen Zhuang as Shu Xiang and Shu Guo. Seal the king of Pakistan as the "monarch"; Sheba County governs Jiangzhou (now Chongqing North, Sichuan). Bashu is determined to win, and Qin Yi is rich and strong.
Han Dynasty (Western Han Dynasty and Eastern Han Dynasty)
Linjiang County was established in the Han Dynasty, and it was renamed Linjiang when Wang Mang was born. It still belongs to Ba County. Emperor Xiandi changed to Yongning County.
■ "Living Fossil" Han Que
In March 2003, Hanque, a world-famous national treasure, was excavated on the hillside near a stream in Xiaolangkou, Wuling Town, which was the second archaeological discovery in China. The six parts of Queji, Queshen, Fangzi, Jieshi, Dougong and Queding are intact, with double eaves structure, high relief, engraved with dragon wall patterns, angular, lines and eaves angles flying evenly in the wind; Bian Que is nearly two meters long, with square holes and coins engraved on it. The lines are symmetrical and simple, simple and solemn. Next to it, a long-winged dragon bulging its eyes and opening its mouth, ready to pounce. Due to long-term underground burial, all the components have hardly weathered, and the original form of the Han Dynasty has been preserved.
Three Kingdoms
The Three Kingdoms belong to Shu Jun.
(Due to contact with Zhongzhou, some materials were posted) In the winter of Jian 'an 16 in the Eastern Han Dynasty, Liu Bei went to Zhongshu to guard against the intrusion of Zhang Lu in Hanzhong at the invitation of King Liu Zhang of Xichuan, and was arranged by Liu Zhang to be stationed at Jiamengguan. The old city of Jiamengguan is in Jiange County, Sichuan Province, and the word Jiamengguan was wrongly pronounced as "Jiamengguan" by later generations. Soon, Er Liu made an enemy because of Zhang Songxian's paintings. Liu Bei led his troops to Liu Zhang, Chengdu, and the motorcade drove to Luo County (now Guanghan City, Sichuan Province), and was surrounded for almost a year. Not only can't break the city, but Pang Tong was shot dead by the defenders. Zhuge Liang, Guan Yu and Zhang Fei stayed in Jingzhou. Seeing that the army was trapped at the gate of Guanghan, Liu Bei had no idea, so he wrote an urgent military order to Jingzhou (now Shashi, Hubei Province) and ordered Zhuge Liang and Zhang Fei to take a team to Xichuan, leaving only Guan Yu to keep Jingzhou.
At that time, Zhang Fei's rank was General Lu, and he was heavily armed. After receiving the order, he led his team up the Yangtze River, invincible all the way, and nearly 100 cities surrendered voluntarily. But when the army arrived in Ba County, it met with resistance. Yan Yan, the prefect of Ba County under Liu Zhang, is ready to fight and vows to live and die with the city.
Yan Yan is close to ancient times, but he is not a leisurely generation. Good at opening a hard bow, good at using a broadsword, and improper courage. Zhang Fei personally went to the front line and fought several tough battles with Yan Yan outside Ba County, regardless of the outcome. Ba county is impregnable. One night, Zhang Fei was in a hurry and set an ambush to lure Yan Yan. His men tied Yan Yan up and took her to Zhang Fei's account. Zhang Fei snapped at him: "Yan Yan, Grandpa Zhang Fei's army is here. Why don't you surrender?" Yan Yan said without weakness: "Zhang Fei, a man, you have the face to scold me for attacking Xishu!" I tell you, there are only beheaded generals in my hometown, Ba County, and there are no surrendered generals. You know the story of General Ba Man Zi, right? The head can be broken, the blood can flow, and we must defend our country! " Zhang Fei flew into a rage: "Yan Yan, it seems that you don't even want to die!" " Knife and axe hand, drag Yan Yan's old son out and cut it for me! "The words sound just fell and set the knife and axe hand standing around, pushing Yan Yan away. Yan Yan glanced at Zhang Fei haughtily and said calmly, "Zhang Fei, if you want to cut off my head, go ahead." Why are you so angry! " Say that finish off the knife and axe hand, proudly walked forward.
Zhang Fei admired Yan Yan's generous spirit of dying. He is always conceited and feels small in his heart. Yan Yan is a real hero. Zhang Fei walked down the steps in three steps, personally untied the rope that bound Yan Yan, bowed to Yan Yan's head, and immediately decided to hire Yan Yan as a curtain guest in his own army, that is, a strategist. Seeing that Zhang Fei was such a good corporal, Yan Yan agreed to Zhang Fei's repeated requests.
Zhang Fang's story, Luo Guanzhong wrote in the Sixty-third chapter of The Romance of the Three Kingdoms: "Zhuge Liang wept bitterly for Pang Tong, and Zhang Yi let go.
Northern Dynasties
In the first year of Xiao Min in the Northern Zhou Dynasty (AD 557), Linjiang County was located here (county resident, Wuling Town, Wanzhou). The epoch-making Wuling year has arrived. Its territory roughly includes Shizhu County, Wanzhou Longbao area, Wanzhou Shengaotang area, Wuqiao area (bounded by Baishuixi in Xintian) and a small part of Lichuan in Hubei.
In the fourth year of Jiande in the Northern Zhou Dynasty (AD 575), the county name was changed to Wuning. (Why do you want to forcibly suppress it? Another article is in Syria. )
From the above, it can be seen that the name of Yuanyang County actually existed for 18 years.
Sui dynasty
Sui Shu: Zhou Nan, Dunan County and Yuanyang County were established in the later Zhou Dynasty, and then Huaide County was changed to Wuning County, which was abolished in the early Emperor.
the Tang Dynasty
Wuning County in the early Tang Dynasty belonged to Wanzhou. General Examination of Documents (Volume 348): Fourteen counties in Badong County (People's Republic of China). Yunan Nanpu, Liangshan. Sister, Badong. Xinpu. Holy mountain. Dachang Wushan. Shicheng. Linjiang. Wuning. Wu Chuan). Tang Wude was originally stationed in Nanpu County and was in charge of three counties (Nanpu, Wuling and Liangshan).
Nanbin Waste County (Tang Zhi and Wude analyzed Wuning County in Wanzhou in the second year, belonging to Linzhou) is 70 miles northeast, and Nanbin County (now Shizhu) was separated from Wuning County in this year. In the eighth year of Wude (AD 625), he came to Wuning, Zhou Pu. That year, it was transferred to Lipu County. At the same time, Nanpu County was changed to Zhou Pu, and the county leadership remained unchanged. In the eighth year of Zhenguan (634), Zhou Pu was changed to Wanzhou, which belonged to Nanpu County.
Song dynasty; surname
The name of the county is just like Tang.
The county seat is in Xiazhong Village.
In October of Song Jiayou's fourth year (1059), "Su San" went from Meizhou (Meishan, Sichuan) to Bianjing (Kaifeng, Henan), took a boat from Jiazhou (Leshan, Sichuan), landed in Wuling Town, Wanzhou, and visited Muju Temple. Xu, an old Taoist in the temple, often helps people solve their worries. Legend has it that he later became an immortal and was called Xu Xian. Dongpo felt it and wrote the poem "Guo Mujian Guan".
There was an inkstone workshop in Wuling in Song Dynasty. Archaeologists found this inkstone in the workshop and its origin: Changtan River, about 40 kilometers from the other side of the Yangtze River. Huang Tingjian, a famous calligrapher in Song Dynasty, also recorded this inkstone workshop.
Yuan dynasty (1206- 1368)
In the 20th year from Yuan Shizu to Yuan Dynasty (1283), a province of Nanpu County entered Wanzhou, and Wuning was the county. The name of Wuning County remains unchanged.
Wanzhou Stone was able to visit the wooden house, leaving the poem "Tong Hua Dian in the Mid-Levels".
bright
In the fourth year of Hongwu (137 1), Wuning County of the province entered Wanzhou, renamed Wuling, and set up Wuling Inspection Department. In the sixth year of Hongwu (1373), Wanzhou was reduced to Wanxian. It can be seen from the above that the name of Wuning County has existed for 797 years. Wanxian County in Ming Dynasty was divided into five administrative divisions: Dazhou and Sanzhen (later changed to Zhengzhen).
In the first year of Hongwu in the Ming Dynasty (1368), a water whistle was set up in Rangdu, with 3 sentries, each with 6 taels of silver.
During the Jiajing period, Cui Qixun, a Jinshi, built a "Jinshi Cave" in the left rear of Wantiangong.