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Appreciation of Plum by Li Qingzhao

1, original text

A cluster of plum blossoms

Red lotus root is fragrant, and jade is lingering in autumn. Who sent the brocade book? The word goose returns, and the moon is full of the west building.

Flowers from Shui Piao to water, one kind of lovesickness, two places of leisure. There is no way to eliminate this situation, only frown and mind.

2. Translation

Autumn, the pink lotus has withered, still sending out the residual fragrance, sleeping on the bamboo mat has had some coolness. Gently carrying a silk skirt, I boarded the exquisite boat alone, trying to relax and get rid of the suffering of lovesickness. Looking up at the sky and white clouds, who will post the letter? When the geese flying in the shape of "human" came back, the clear moonlight had already filled the west building.

Falling flowers alone, flowing water alone. The two of us, both lovesick and separated, affect our respective sadness. I can't let go of this lovesickness. I just keep a tight frown, but my heart is vaguely coming up.

Step 3 enjoy

This word begins with the sentence "Red lotus root fragrance leaves jade autumn" and leads the whole article. The first half of the sentence "fragrant lotus root" describes outdoor scenery, and the second half "jade" describes indoor things, which plays a role in dyeing the autumn season, indicating that it is "cold weather" (Han Wo's Cold). The whole sentence is colorful and vivid, which not only depicts the surrounding scenery, but also sets off the poet's feelings.

The falling of flowers in bloom is not only a natural phenomenon, but also a personnel symbol of joys and sorrows. The cold pillow is not only the touch between the skin, but also the desolation and loneliness inside. This opening sentence not only describes the indoor and outdoor scenery but also describes the hidden feelings contained in the scenery. From the beginning, it shows the environmental atmosphere and its emotional color, which has been highly appreciated by critics later.

The first six sentences are * * *, and the last five sentences are written in the order of what the poet did, touched and felt during the day from day to night. The first two sentences, "Let Luo Shang leave lightly and get on the green boat alone", are about boating on the water during the day, implying the situation and insinuating feelings with the word "independence". The following sentence "Who sent Yunjin Book" clearly explains the suspense after leaving.

The poet went to Lanzhou alone to send away his sorrow; Looking at the sky, I tend to think further. This sentence runs through from top to bottom. Closely connected with the previous sentence, it is written about the expectations and thoughts on the ship; And the next two sentences, "the word geese return, the moon is full of the west building", are also born from this. It is conceivable that the poet missed the whereabouts of the wanderer and looked forward to the arrival of the brocade book, so he drew the daydream of passing the book by the wild goose feet in the distance.

And this kind of feeling and reverie, which is far away from the world, haunts the poet's heart day and night, on the boat or in the building.

The last three sentences of this word are very similar to those described in some words of other poets. For example, the Bodhisattva Man recalls the appearance of the bright moon, and the Three Orders shows that the moon is so sad that only people are left. Li Yu's Meet You Huan says that the bright moon in the West Wing is like a lonely hook, and Yan Shu's Tell your's heart, judging by your's high eyes, when Hongyan comes, you will think infinitely.

Qin Guan's "Broken Magnolia" is "trapped in a dangerous building, worrying about a word", and Zheng Wen's wife Sun Shi's "Memories" is "the news is empty and gloomy, and the thrush is worried about going upstairs". There is also a four-line poem by Li Yi in the Tang Dynasty, which is also very similar to this word. The title of the poem is "Writing Love": "The water pattern is precious and thoughtful, and the ceremony of a thousand miles takes a night off. From then on, there will be no good nights, let him go down to the west building in the bright moon. "

Poetry has written about bamboo mats, moonlight and the west building, and it is also an expression of unforgettable acacia. In contrast, they are more similar.

The phrase "flowers float with water" is a connecting link, and its meaning remains unchanged. This is both temporary and exciting. The scene of falling flowers and falling into the water is far in line with Shangluo's words of "breaking the silk" and "being alone in the blue boat".

However, the life, years, love and parting it symbolizes give people the hatred of "helpless flowers falling" (Huanxisha by Yan Shu) and "infinite water like sorrow" (Zhuzhici by Liu Yuxi). The next sentence of the word naturally transitions from this sentence to the next five sentences and becomes a purely lyrical and straightforward monologue.

The phrase "one kind of lovesickness, two places of idleness" reminds the other party of his lovesickness and idleness at the same time, knowing that this lovesickness and idleness are not one-sided, but two-sided, thus seeing that the two hearts are printed together.

These two sentences are also the supplement and extension of Shang Gan's sentence "Up in the clouds", which shows that although the water is far away, the book must be in the future, and the love between the two places is the same at the beginning, which fully proves the deep love and mutual trust between the two sides.

There are also sentences about lovesickness between the two places in predecessors' works, such as Ye Luo's poem "Two Wild Gooses" (Part II), Han Wo's poem "Youth" and "Cherry blossoms and pear blossoms, heartbroken youth". These two words may be transformed from these poems. Once they are cast and cut into two four sentences with neat sentence patterns and clear meanings, they will achieve the effect of reinventing themselves and turning the stone into gold.

These two sentences are both separate and integrated. Taken together, from "one kind of lovesickness" to "two kinds of leisure worries" is the separation and deepening of two kinds of feelings. Its combination shows that this situation is one and two, two and one; Its deepening tells us that this situation has changed from "thinking" to "worrying". The next sentence "I can't eliminate this situation" is followed by these two sentences.

It is precisely because people are divided into two places that deep sadness has been hanging over their hearts. Of course, this situation is hard to dismiss, but it is "only under the eyebrows, but in my heart."

The last three sentences of this word are famous sentences that have been praised all the time. Wang Shizhen pointed out that these three sentences were born out of Fan Zhongyan's "Yu Jie Xing". "Everyone comes to this matter and there is no taboo." This shows that although imitation is avoided in poetry creation, the sentences of predecessors can be touched, making them look brand-new and integrated into their own works.

In Shine on You, success is always better than blue, which not only changes the original sentence, but also is higher than the original sentence. This specialization of Li Qingzhao is a successful example. Wang Shizhen also thinks that Li is a "doer" compared with Fan Sentence. In contrast, the model sentence is flat and straight, which can't awaken the artistic effect of human eyes.

Li's words are unique, and the words "I only frown, but go straight to my heart" replace the straightforward description of "I'm not going to avoid", giving people a brand-new feeling. Here, "brow" corresponds to "heart", "talent is below" and "reality is above" one after another. The sentence structure is very neat and the expression technique is also very clever, so it has great artistic appeal.

Of course, sentences cannot be separated from the beginning. These two four-character sentences are only an organic part of the whole word, not the only one. It depends on the contrast of the whole article, especially because it contrasts with the other two sentences, "one kind of lovesickness, two leisure worries", which complement each other. At the same time, the whole article is inseparable from sentences, and the whole article is shaken by these sentences that wake people's eyes. The artistic charm of this word mainly lies in this.

Extended data 1, creative background

This word is Li Qingzhao's early work, once she got married. Yi Shizhen, a poet of the Yuan Dynasty, wrote the story of the Paradise Library, which was quoted from a slanderous remark: "Yi An has not been married for a long time, and he is sincere if he travels far. Yi Anshu couldn't bear to say goodbye, so he found the word "a piece of plum" in Jinpa's book and sent it. "

Wang Zhongwen, a modern poet, put forward different opinions in Li Qingzhao's Notes: "When Qingzhao was suitable for Zhao Mingcheng, both of them were in Tokyo, and Mingcheng was a university student, so he had no responsibility to travel far. This is obviously untrue. Li Qingzhao's father, Li Weng, seems to know his name, especially because he is ignorant. " "Tianshu Kuku" is a fake book with no good basis.

According to Li Qingzhao's Biographical Preface to Jin Shilu, Li Qingzhao married Zhao Mingcheng in Jianzhong Jing (11). After marriage, they had deep feelings, like-minded interests and the same hobbies. Then his father, Li, was wronged in the party struggle, and Li Qingzhao was also implicated and forced to return to China, sometimes leaving her husband.

This inevitably caused her to think a lot and wrote many poems, among which the poem Pruning Plums is a masterpiece.

2. Introduction to the author

Li Qingzhao (1March 084 13— about 1 155), Yi nationality, Han nationality, was born in Jinan, Jizhou (now Zhangqiu District, Jinan City, Shandong Province). A poetess in Song Dynasty, a representative of graceful and restrained ci school, was known as "the first talented woman in the ages".

Li Qingzhao was born in a scholarly family and had a good life in his early years. Her father Li has a rich collection of books, and she has laid a literary foundation in a good family environment since she was a child. After marriage, she and her husband Zhao Mingcheng devoted themselves to the collection and arrangement of calligraphy and painting stones. Nomads from the central plains, south, lonely situation. In the lyrics, he wrote more about his early leisure life, his later life experience and sentimental mood.

In form, it makes good use of line drawing, forms its own school and has beautiful language. On the theory of ci, it emphasizes harmony and elegance, puts forward the theory that ci is different from one family, and opposes the method of writing ci into poetry. There are not many who can write poems. Some chapters have a sense of the times, praise history and use generous words, which is different from their style of words.

There are Yi 'an Jushi Collection and Yi 'an Ci, which have been lost. Later generations have a collection of Yu Shu's ci. There is a collation of Li Qingzhao's collected works today.

Baidu Encyclopedia-Prune plum, lotus root fragrance, residual jade in autumn

Baidu encyclopedia-Li Qingzhao