Teacher's Day blackboard material: Socrates, an excellent teacher in ancient Greece
Socrates has been engaged in educational work all his life, and has rich educational practice experience and his own educational theory. But he didn't start his own school. Where does he teach? How did he teach it? Squares, temples, streets, shops, workshops, gyms, etc. Both are places where he teaches. Young people, old people, rich people, poor people, farmers, artisans, nobles and civilians are all his teaching objects. Whoever asks for advice, he will teach enthusiastically. At that time, other teachers-wise men-charged tuition fees. They regarded being a teacher as a means of making money, while Socrates taught people not to charge tuition fees. He taught and educated people for the benefit of the polis and was a compulsory teacher, so Socrates was poor all his life.
Socrates put forward his own views on the significance, purpose, content and method of education.
He thinks that education is very important for a person's growth. In his view, no matter whether talented people are smart or dull, if they are determined to achieve commendable achievements, they must study hard and practice hard.
Socrates' educational purpose is to cultivate talents for governing the country. After Pericles's death, Athens became extremely democratic and anarchic without good leaders, and even national leaders were elected by drawing lots or lots. Socrates was very sad about it. He believes that the talents who govern the country must be well educated, and advocates that the talents who govern the country should be trained through education. He devoted his whole life to cultivating talents for governing the country.
Regarding the content of education, he advocates cultivating people's virtue first, and teaching people to learn to be human and become virtuous people. Secondly, we should teach people to learn extensive and practical knowledge. He believes that rulers must have extensive knowledge. He said that in all things, those who are respected and praised are the most knowledgeable people, while those who are condemned and despised are the most ignorant people. Finally, he advocated teaching people to exercise. He believes that a healthy body is very important for physical activities and thinking activities, whether in peacetime or in wartime. And a healthy body is not born, only through exercise can people be strong.
In terms of teaching methods, Socrates has formed his own unique teaching method through long-term teaching practice, which people call? Socratic method? , he called it himself? Midwife? . His mother is a midwife, which is a metaphor for his teaching methods. Fucking midwifery is midwifery. Where's his? Midwife? The teaching principle is to deliver babies for ideas and guide people to produce correct ideas.
? Socratic method? From beginning to end, it is conducted in the form of questions and answers between teachers and students, so it is also called? Question and answer method? . When Socrates taught students to acquire a certain concept, he did not tell them directly, but first asked the students questions and asked them to answer. If a student answers wrong, he doesn't correct it directly, but asks other questions to guide them to think, so as to draw a correct conclusion step by step.
The question-and-answer teaching method advocated by Socrates has a great influence on later generations, and it is still an important teaching method until today. Rousseau, Bruner and others advocated it? How to find it? Obviously inspired by Socrates' method.