Some people have a stone at the door with the name of Mount Tai Shi Gandang written on it. What's the use?

The small stone tablet (or Little Stone Man) in Shi Gandang of Mount Tai stands on the bridge or on the wall of the building. Engraved with (or engraved with) [Shi Gandang] or [Taishan Shi Gandang]. It is very popular with people. The written record of [Shi Gandang] was first found in the Western Han Dynasty's History Tour: "Shi Gandang, tigers don't invade, dragons never stop". Yan Shigu's Note: [Wei has paraffin wax, stone buy, stone evil and Zheng Zao stone. They are all stone, and there are many stones in the week. Later, he made life his home. He dares to be invincible. "Yan thinks stone is his surname. He dares to be invincible. Tao's Record of Dropping out of Farming in Nancun: Introduction and Yan Notes to Article 17 [Shi Gandang]. I totally agree with Yan. Yan Shigu's explanation of Shi Gandang is not satisfactory. We know that. It was a children's enlightenment literacy book at that time. According to Yan's notes, Shi Gandang can't be defeated by a man named Shi. Unless the man named Shi was famous at that time, it was difficult for children to accept what he said. It is also difficult for teachers to explain clearly. We search for ancient books. At present, we haven't found an invincible hero named Shi Moumou who was famous before the Han Dynasty. Deng Erya, a modern scholar, pointed out that Shi Gandang said that there was no such thing as a human being. Later generations used it as a metaphor for Shi Gandang. "(4 1- 42) Li Zong. Comrade Liu Quner also thinks: There is a saying in the Historical Tour of the Western Han Dynasty: Be bold and Shi Gandang will not invade. Long weiyang Yan Shigu pointed out that Shi is a surname. Dare to be invincible. The speaker said that Shi Gandang's inscription was invincible. Go to town. This is not satisfactory. However, there are many such words in the old saying. Why did you choose here? (Another way of saying it is: Shi Gandang was considered a warrior in the Han Dynasty and the Five Dynasties. Liu Zhiyuan in the Five Dynasties During the Han Dynasty, there was a warrior named Shi Gandang. Does he admire the names of the ancients to express himself? Looking up is a man or a woman? "Yang Xinmin five dynasties, Liu Zhiyuan in charge of the gold. Betrayed ko. The Jade Emperor is out. In Weizhou, Zhiyuan sent Lux Shi Gandang to serve with an iron mallet. Jin Zu and Emperor Yu held a meeting. Zhiyuan readily accepted it. Shi Gandang died fighting. Zhiyuan tried to kill the emperor. Because of burning the national seal, Shi Gandang's life became luck. He protects himself from danger. So, later generations came to Fanqiao Road. "History of the Five Dynasties > Shi Gandang" Shi Gandang is famous, and there is no written record to respect the soldier Shi Gandang as Shi Gandang. According to records: [Yingshun Society. Jin Gaozu Zhenchang Mountain. Tang will be summoned to Que. He met Jin Gaozu on the road. He entered Weizhou one by one. He is moored at the post office. Ming Di murdered Jin Gaozu. Mitty sent an ancient censor to stand behind Jin Gaozu with a hammer. However, it changed. He dared to hold Gao zu in the same room. He dared to block the door with a huge board. He dares to die. The emperor leads all the people. The Tenth Summary of the History of the New Five Dynasties in Chinese Edition records: [King Lu rebelled against Li. Gaozu went to the capital from Zhou Zhen. When I met Emperor Li in Weizhou, I stopped carrying on the family line. Zhiyuan sent a soldier, Shi Gan, with an iron mallet to serve Gaozu in a dangerous situation. The discussion between Gao Zu and Li Di is undecided. Zhiyuan wants to fight. Zhiyuan holds his ancestors, dares to fight around, and dies without regret. Zhiyuan led the troops to kill them all. The History of the Five Dynasties, though slightly different in recorded words, agreed that the samurai was Shi Gan rather than Shi Gandang. (2) "The Journey of Shi Gandang in the History of the Western Han Dynasty" I saw in middle school. [Shi Gandang] Stone carvings were unearthed in Putian County in the Tang Dynasty for five years. According to this, Shi Gandang is earlier than the history of military commanders in the Five Dynasties. Zhai Hao, a scholar in the Qing Dynasty, was pointed out by Li Yeming that Shi Gandang had nothing to do with Shi Gandang in the Five Dynasties: [According to Liu Zhiyuan, he was an official in the Jin Dynasty. When Emperor Gaozu met Emperor Tang Chengdi, he passed it on. Zhiyuan made Bushishi dare to serve Gaozu with hammer sleeves to prevent accidents. It is said that this stone was carved by this plant. In other words, there is an inscription on the calendar. That's not right. "The third statement is that [Mount Tai Shi Gandang] is a" doctor "(that is, a doctor). Volume 10 records: [Wang Shizhen, a mountain man from Wang Yuyang, Zhou Dynasty] "Fu Yuting Miscellanies" cloud: Qilu customs. More stones than standing at the entrance of the village. Carve the five characters' Mount Tai Shi Gandang'. Clouds can treat people at dusk. Northerners call doctors doctors. Also known as Dr. Shi, according to this, these five words are found in the south, but there is no saying of treating diseases. There is no doctor's statement. " From this passage alone, we can know that the statement that Mount Tai Shi Gandang is a doctor is not widely circulated. Only the north has it, but not the south. Why is Mount Tai Shi Gandang a doctor in the north? It has been circulated. According to literature review and investigation in Tai 'an, people who carved (wrote) [Shi Gandang] (or [Taishan Shi Gandang]) mostly used stone materials, while few people used other materials. 1988 12 carved (written) [Taishan Shi Gandang] or [Taishan Town House] was discovered in Feicheng County. For example, Shi Mingyun, a five-year Tang Dali unearthed in Putian County, said: "Shi Gandang is full of ghosts and hates disasters" is true. Other functions are extensions or romances of this basic function. There is a word [stone] in [Shi Gandang]. Shi Gandang carved it on a stone. Its function is to hate disasters and suppress evil. From its deep connotation, it has something to do with examining fear. Mr. Wang Zongyan: `Dig the corner at dusk in December. Bury a big stone for the town house. (Folklore 86-89). Mr Wang Chengzhu thinks this may be the origin of Shi Gandang. At the same time, Mr. Wang also pointed out: [As far as the meaning of Shi Gandang is concerned, building stones can be blunt. Therefore, the town is located in Rushe. It is also in front of Quxiang Street in the corner of the wall. (Comrade Li Zong and Liu Quner thought that Wang Chengzhu's point of view was "quite reasonable" and further pointed out: [Song Faxian's Tang Dynasty inscription (referring to Putian inscription) is not like a small stone tablet of later generations, but buried under the foundation of the house. This is very similar to the stone of the house in Shangyin Town. In fact, this is the legacy of ancient spiritual worship. Taking stones as spiritual objects gives ghosts the power to ward off evil spirits and is buried under the house. China Folk Gods > Li Zong. Liu Qun thinks that Shi Gandang is [the legacy of ancient worship of spiritual things]. Very insightful. However, no discussion. Worship of Lingshi is a very primitive and popular religious custom. It was formed in prehistoric society. Class society has its own customs. The worship of lingshi has a certain relationship with the worship of heaven, mountains and rivers, ancestors and descendants, and the aversion to evil spirits. Only [Shi Gandang] is said here. Have a discussion Animism is the initial stage of the development of primitive religious thought. Some rocks with strange shapes and colors or special geographical environment may have been endowed with spirituality by the ancients. Local people in Taiwan Province Province call the sacred stone [Shi Gong], and regard it as a thing to protect the good fortune and ward off evil spirits. There is white stone worship in Qiang areas of China. About the origin of white stone worship, Qiang legend: ancient Qiang people fought against Geji people. In my dream, I instructed the Qiang people to use white stone as a weapon to defeat the Geji people. Qiang people really succeeded. But I didn't know what this person was like, so I used white stone instead of sacrifice. In the rural areas of Nigeria, Africa, there is a sacred stone for treating diseases. The local people believe that there are elves in the stone. If you put it in the garden, it will increase the harvest. All the above are folk information. In Qijia Cultural Cemetery in Qin Jing, there are many stones buried with the tomb. Stones are large and small, mostly white. They are placed on both sides of the head or body of the deceased, while others surround the deceased. They are all buried with stones, regardless of gender, age or burial style. Most of them are buried with stones, ranging from five to six, and many are 105. Prehistoric tombs in Nanning, Guangxi, such as many tombs in the Western Jin Dynasty and Changtang. Some graves are surrounded by stones. 1945 In the spring, Mr. Xia Nai excavated two tombs in Siwa, Lintao, Gansu Province, in which large pieces of gravel were buried. In addition, some prehistoric tombs at Dadunzi site in Yuanmou, Yunnan, and some tombs at Daxi cultural site in Wushan, Sichuan were also buried with stones. It is worth pointing out that there are always a few people buried with stones in prehistoric tombs or in the same tomb area, indicating that the owner of the tomb is likely to die abnormally. I think it's a lingshi. Its purpose is to drive away evil spirits in the tomb with lingshi and prevent the dead from becoming ghosts. Let's go back to the discussion in Shi Gandang. There is a saying that "history dares to be" in the history tour of the Western Han Dynasty. There is a note on Tang Yan Stone Drum. It has been pointed out by predecessors that "Shi" is the surname in Yan. The real meaning of Shi Gandang should be interpreted as "the stone can be used as a blunt instrument". In other words, stones can ward off evil spirits and hate disasters. Shi Gandang's custom of avoiding evil and hating disasters can also be learned from the rare Common Sense of Customs that I have found circumstantial evidence: [There is a stone man standing in front of Peng's tomb in Ruyang, Henan. After the stone beast, Tian's mother went to the city to buy some bait. She was exhausted from the heat. The stone man left a bait. Suddenly, she didn't realize it. "The story was circulated by passers-by. It is said that "a stone man can cure a disease." The cured person will thank him. " Some people say that "a headache will rub the stone man's head." "An example of a symbol of bad treatment. Here is a side talk. There are two monuments in the courtyard of Bi Xia Temple on the top of Mount Tai, commonly known as the Imperial Monument. There is still the custom of rubbing the tablet with coins to prevent diseases. The man who touched the imperial monument said, [Imperial monument]. Imperial Monument Friction. It won't get sick. " This custom is similar to what Ying Shao said above. In the Qing Dynasty, a cultural relic dating from the fifth year of the Tang Dynasty (770 AD) was unearthed in Putian County, Song Renzong. Shi Mingyun: [Shi Gandang, the ghost disaster in the town, the government has a blessing, the people have health, the wind has prosperity, and the ceremony and music have prosperity. "This inscription was originally buried under the house, and the meaning of its town house is self-evident. After the Ming and Qing Dynasties, Shi Gandang (or Shi Gandang on Mount Tai) was used as the town house or town lane bridge, which was quite prosperous. Quotations cloud: photo by Lu. When you meet a street, you must set up a stone man or plant a piece of flaky. Take Shi Gandang as the town. " Yuan Mei's "It" also contains: [Engraving today's custom is to hate victory. Plant a stone in Lu's place. Say' Shi Gandang'. [In the 1920s, Mr. Deng Erya investigated: [Guangdong Customs is full of stone carvings on Mount Tai and Shi Gandang. Generally speaking, ghosts worship in their places or Feng Shui masters think the situation is favorable to residents. This is used as a deterrent. Most of the information quoted above belongs to the south. In fact, the same is true in the north. The previous article quoted a mountaineer (Wang Shizhen) in Wang Yuyang in the Qing Dynasty. Language [Qilu's custom is not just to set up a stone at the entrance of the village. It can be proved that there is an inscription engraved with "Mount Tai Shi Gandang". A strange rock was found in Dige, Zaozhuang City. It is red, with a height of 1. 1m, a width of 0.65 m, and a thickness of 0.35 m, and it is engraved with "Town House Ghost". In the second year, Qin Long was founded. Qin Long, the year after Zhu Zaiyu, was a Muzong of the Ming Dynasty. Now, so far, we can draw the following conclusions: Shi Gandang's custom is the relic of ancient worship of lingshi, and its main function is to ward off evil spirits and invite disasters everywhere. Perhaps readers have noticed that the above materials include [Shi Gandang] and [Taishan Shi Gandang], while the earlier materials only talk about Shi Gandang and not about Taishan Shi Gandang. There are [Shi Gandang] and [Taishan Shi Gandang]. What is the relationship between "Shi Gandang Mountain" and "Shi Gandang"? A folk story collected by Mr. Wang tells: According to legend, during the reign of Kangxi, the general paid tribute to Li for one year. The Middle East Gallery in his mansion faces the floating painting. The residents here are not good. It is appropriate to tell the story of Jiangxi. Just sitting on the Dragon and Tiger Mountain, a Taoist priest in ochre clothes sat down in Yingxi. The real person pointed out that the general said, "Pray for this teacher." Because of the worship, the Taoist said, [Where is the Taoist? The real person said: [Today, Master Chunyang is on duty in the temple. Fortunately, it is lucky to meet him. Wealth is boundless. "So he was sent to the south. The size of this word is more than one foot. Everyone who saw it was salty, saying that it was in and out of the jade bead room. Folk customs in xuwen county, Guangdong provided by Comrade Li Zong. It is said that during the Kangxi period, several county magistrates arrived in the county for a few days and died in the office. Got it. Got one. He was crushed to death by the pagoda. So a stone tablet was erected in front of the county government, engraved with the words "Taishan Shi Gandang". It is said that the power of Mount Tai may be the enemy of the pagoda. After that, nothing happened. Although these two folk stories are different, they have something in common: First, they both happened in the Kangxi period of the Qing Dynasty; Second, it's all based on the evil of Shi Gandang Town in Mount Tai. Wang Shizhen (1634) was born in the early Qing dynasty. Speaking of Qilu customs, it also involves [Taishan Shi Gandang]. Accordingly, [Taishan Shi Gandang] was popular in the early Qing Dynasty. It may have appeared as early as the Ming Dynasty. Mount Tai comes before Shi Gandang. Its intention is to use the power of Mount Tai to improve its prestige. In ancient times, the Thai word of Mount Tai was "Tai", that is, "Da". Mount Tai is a mountain in a broad sense. Mountains can suppress evil spirits. Common in ancient myths and legends. Journey to the West > Monkey Sun (Monkey King) was once crushed by the Tathagata under the Five Elements Mountain for 500 years. In a narrow sense, Mount Tai refers to Mount Tai in Tai 'an today. Mount Tai is towering and tall. This is a sacred mountain where emperors closed their shrines. Liu Che, Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, praised Mount Tai [high, strange, big, special, strong, shocking and confusing]. It goes without saying that Mount Tai is infinitely powerful. Therefore, it is not difficult to understand that Mount Tai is added in front of Shi Gandang, which avoids evil and hates disasters, in order to increase its power. After the Ming and Qing Dynasties, until today, there are many folk stories and legends about Shi Gandang (or Shi Gandang on Mount Tai). We have such folk stories and legends in our hands. Besides one collected by Mr. Deng Erya and one provided by Comrade Liu Qun, there are also some in the text. The Legend of Mount Tai. & The Grand View of Taishan Folk Tales. & lt Taishan Folk Tales >). & lt Legend of Mount Tai >). & lt Taian scenery > (abbreviation) and other books. The above two folk stories and legends about Mount Tai Shi Gandang collected by Mr. Deng Erya and provided by Comrade Li Zong and Comrade Liu Qun are all based on Shi Gandang. Although its popular era is not early (early Qing Dynasty), its popular areas are not extensive. However, as far as the deep connotation of these two folk stories and legends is concerned, their source is the legacy of ancient worship of lingshi-the development of Shi Gan's meaning of being an evil town to avoid disasters. Stone carvings unearthed in Putian County, especially [Shi Gandang, a small town full of ghosts and gods to avoid disasters], have an important influence on the formation of such folk tales and legends. It can also be said that this is authentic. The other is about disaster reduction. There are two articles about "exorcism", one about exorcism (a variant of treating evil spirits) and the legends of Shi Gandang contained in these stories can all be classified into this category. Most of these folk stories are about Scott, who is brave and treats people who are haunted by ghosts and demons. Obviously, it has something to do with northerners saying that Shi Gan was called [Dr. Shi] by Wang Shizhen in Qing Dynasty. Although this kind of folk stories regard Shi Gandang as a person, the deep connotation of the story has nothing to do with Shi Gandang. Shi Gandang is worshipped as a spiritual stone and has the function of exorcism. The third category is the folk stories of Shi Gan and Shi Gandan, warriors of the Five Dynasties. Load example, "Shi Gandang". The book "Shi Gan Dang" compile by comrade Lu Yue is all that same (contained). It was edited by Comrade Bao Jun and Qiu Shui (contained) Shi Gandang, formerly known as Shi Gang. Gave him a nickname [Shi Gandang]. Obviously, Shi Gang is a transliteration of Shi Gan in the Five Dynasties. These folktales and legends all say that Shi Dare to be brave and invincible, and Shi Dare to be related to Shi Gan, a warrior of the Five Dynasties. There were many people after the Ming and Qing Dynasties. It is also said in the Records of Mount Tai compiled by Jin Mao in the Qing Dynasty: [Five generations of warriors in Shi Gandang-serving the emperor, with iron mallets on their sleeves. When things changed, he died fighting from left to right. Because it is necessary to ward off evil spirits, it was named Shi Gandang. "Although Shi Gandang and Shigan are two different things, there is still some connection in terms of equality in Shi Gandang and invincible heroes in Shi Gandang. The fourth kind of folk stories about Mount Tai and Shi Gandang. First, Mount Tai and Shi Gandang are two close friends. Second, Emperor Taizong. Grand view >). According to the theory of girlfriends, Taishan and Shi Gandang used to be friends of classmates. Taishan's family is rich, he studies hard, and he was admitted to Juren. Instead of getting nothing, Shi Gandang fell into a "lonely wandering life". On one occasion, Shi Gandang begged in Taishan Mansion and was held in Taishan Mansion. He is always polite. A few years later, Taishan went on a business trip and did not return for half a year. Shi Gandang has a high self-esteem and thinks he has lived a long time. Goodbye. " After Taishan returned from official business, he heard that Shi Gandang had passed away. I am very sad. I killed myself, too Because Mount Tai and Shi Gandang love each other and kill each other. Later generations commemorate them. They combined the names of Mount Tai and Shi Gandang. That is, the knight-errant [Taishan Shi Gandang] mentioned in this folk story. Taishan also. And Shi Gandang seems to be a careless and suspicious little man. [Blocking] Speaking: Tang Tai. I'm not going. He is curious again. He can't do it unless he goes up. As a result, he walked up and down the road. When he left, he said, [I'm from Chang 'an. I am building a bridge on the mountain. I'm not in my way. It happened that Mount Tai blocked me. "With this sound, I called [Shi Gandang]. Novelty Old Li Shimin of Emperor Taizong has never been to Mount Tai, not to mention that he was stopped by Taishan Stone when riding a horse up the mountain. The so-called Shi Gandang (Taishan Shi Gandang) described in these two folk stories is very different from Shi Gandang's real origin, connotation and function, and also from a series of widely circulated folk stories in Shi Gandang. I have visited many elders around Mount Tai, and no one knows when and where these folk stories spread. Is this a fabrication? To sum up, Shi Gandang is a relic of ancient worship of Lingshi. It has nothing to do with [people]. The language of "Shi Gandang", a historical journey of the Western Han Dynasty, in Chinese should be interpreted as that Lingshi can be an enemy of everything. Later, whether it was the inscription unearthed in Putian in the Tang Dynasty or the stone of "Shi Gandang" planted (or buried) at the bridgehead or in the house, its meaning was the same. As for Mount Tai before Shi Gandang (namely Mount Tai Shi Gandang). It started in the Ming Dynasty, prevailed in the Qing Dynasty, and reached today. It means to increase the strength of Shi Gandang with the sacred Mount Tai. In the deep connotation, all kinds of folk stories and legends about Shi Gandang are consistent with the positive significance of Shi Gandang, some are related, and some are completely different. There is a reason why folk stories and legends that have a certain distance from the historical truth can be formed. But recently, some comrades made it up in the name of sorting out folk stories and legends.