Customs and customs in Songzi County

Folk art: Susong is located in the intersection of Wu Chu culture, and Zhong Ling Yuxiu is the birthplace of Huangmei Opera, one of the five major operas in China; Huangmei Opera is loved by people for its sweet and melodious singing, fresh and rich local flavor. After thousands of years of wind and rain, its fragrance is still refreshing. Huangmei Opera consists of "broken stringed gongs and drums" (more than 3 pieces of folk instrumental music mainly composed of percussion and accompanied by silk and bamboo music, which are divided into three categories: broken stringed gongs and drums and string tunes) and "Wennan Ci" (a form similar to singing and dancing, which is performed by 2-4 people) Drum calligraphy is a kind of solo performance popular in the vast area of the county. The performer holds a sandalwood board (tooth) in his left hand, and the right hand lightly beats a small flat drum supported by a drum frame made of several bamboo poles nearly meters long. During the performance, the storyteller has four or two sentences of cantata, long or short white paragraphs, and the beginning, middle and end of rap are all clamped with the beat of a drum board with strong rhythm. Lantern Festival Lantern Festival: Folk Spring Festival Lantern Festival classes are more active in the county. The "big items" of the lantern classes are dragon lanterns, lion dances, floats, flower baskets, etc., and lanterns of various colors and sizes are sandwiched in the lantern classes, as well as gongs and drums and trumpeters. Lantern Festival in Xuling and Xiacang, Dragon Boat Festival in Zuoba and Lion Dance in Xiaoxing and Zhaoling have been well received by people inside and outside the county for more than a hundred years. Folk Craft: Root carving is a kind of plastic arts that emerged in our county in the 199s. Susong is engaged in many root carving works, and some of them are Zhou Qing and Hong Xianren. Zhou Qing, a member of Anhui Farmers' Painting and Calligraphy Research Association, has more than 3 root carving works. His root carving "Ballet" won the first prize in the art exhibition of the 5th anniversary of the founding of the People's Liberation Army in 1977, and was awarded the title of "Folk Root Art Artist" by UNESCO and China Folk Writers Association in 1992. Wood carving technology has a long history in Susong, and most of the early works are Buddha statues and flower boards; The woodcarving Buddha statue of Gaojia in Xuling Town has been sold to other provinces and counties, and there is a statue of Guanyin Bodhisattva in Qixiu Temple in Xiaogushan. Flower board carving is a craft production with a long history in Susong, and its works are used for beds, cabinets, architectural ornaments or components. There are artists engaged in flower board carving in Chenhan, Pavilion, Erlang, Pass, Beiyu and other places in the county. Paper-binding technology has a long history in Susong, and there are many folk craftsmen who bind lanterns, dragon lanterns and sacrifices, especially the sacrificial handicrafts, such as pavilions, houses and flowers and birds, which are lifelike. The art of stone carving has a long history. Stone carving works include lions, dragons, phoenixes, etc. Most of the stone carving works are inscriptions, which not only use yin and yang carving techniques to carve words, but also some are engraved with various patterns, such as dragons, phoenixes, flowers and birds, and animals. Wang Huiwen in Chengling Township has a high level of stone carving skills, and his works are found in Xiaogushan in Susong, Taibai Bookstore and Pengze Longgong Cave. Bonsai production began to rise in the 198s, and more and more people loved bonsai and made it by themselves. The works include rock bonsai, plant bonsai, coral bonsai, woodcarving bonsai, rock bonsai and plant bonsai. Bamboo weaving technology rose in the 198s, and the craft bamboo weaving includes flowerpot sleeves, fruit bowls, food boxes, bamboo craft mats and so on. Paper-cutting is more fashionable among Susong people, including embroidered shoes and window grilles. Folk customs and rural customs: language, the language of this county is more complicated, which is directly related to geographical location; Susong dialect may be influenced by the phonology of ancient Chinese characters, so it is easier to learn the rhyme and intonation, but it is difficult to pronounce it accurately because of the heavy ending. For example, "Lai" is called "Lei", "Dinner" is called "Overnight", "Smoking" is called "Smoking" and "Wife" is called "Tangke". Living, before the founding of the People's Republic of China, under the influence of the feudal clan system, people with the same family name and the same clan lived in a village, and the houses were connected together, with multiple entrances and dark alleys, with ancestral halls and gates, facing each other and doors and windows facing each other. After the founding of the People's Republic of China, after the land reform, the living conditions of the broad masses of people have gradually improved, with fewer households and more single households, which are generally "three bright and five dark". In recent years, many villages have built comfortable new villages, which further narrows the difference in living conditions between them and the city. Clothing, the people of this county have a tradition of loving beauty and frugality in clothing. Young girls, especially those who enter school, are very tidy, and newlyweds must wear gorgeous clothes. With the development of the times, it is difficult to see the traces of the old customs. Diet, the residents of this county tend to have the habit of "three meals a day", "one thin and two dry" or "two thin and one dry". However, on holidays, weddings, funerals and celebrations, banquets are held, including sea cucumber seats, fragrant incense seats and fungus seats. There are abundant dining tables, strict seating arrangement, a lot of etiquette and a legacy of local customs. The festival also follows the old dietary tradition, such as eating glutinous rice balls on the Lantern Festival, eating a rake to avoid epidemics on March 3, eating zongzi and drinking realgar wine on the Dragon Boat Festival, eating moon cakes, making rice cakes and biting water chestnut on the Mid-Autumn Festival, eating crabs and drinking chrysanthemum wine on the Chongyang Festival, eating Laba porridge on the eighth day of the twelfth lunar month, and paying attention to making printed rice cakes in addition to buying fish during the Spring Festival. With the rapid development of economy and society, communication activities are carried out frequently, and the diet gradually has a North-South flavor. Marriage, the marriage system was mostly a feudal custom before the founding of the People's Republic of China. The marriage process generally went through ceremonies such as mediation, parents' consent to engagement, in-laws going to the door, son-in-law coming to the door, daily newspaper ceremony, wedding ceremony, dowry, bride and groom paying homage, tying the knot, thanking the media, thanking guests, and returning to the door three times. When the bride comes to the door in a sedan chair, she will cry, set off firecrackers, blow the horn, knock on gongs and drums, and send her away with great excitement. To the door, the new husband should greet him and choose two women with both longevity and longevity as "mothers" to help the bride get off the sedan chair. The bride, with her head covered with a red handkerchief, and the groom, first went into the hall to worship their ancestors, heaven and earth, and then went into the bridal chamber, where the groom unveiled the red handkerchief, and the husband and wife sat down together to drink good tea, tied the knot, and at night they made a fuss about the new house. The next day, I called on my aunt, and the bride had dinner with my aunt. On the third day, they went into the kitchen to make soup, and the husband and wife went back to their parents' homes to visit relatives together and returned on the same day. During the period of the Republic of China, there were also western-style wedding people in large urban families, and their etiquette was greatly improved. After the founding of the People's Republic of China, the marriage of men and women was free, and the wedding was generally simple, but it also went through the process of love, door-to-door engagement, holiday exchanges, formal wedding, and returning home to visit relatives. Rural weddings are grand, and there are many old habits. Before marriage, we should ask the media to introduce them. After marriage, we should give a generous gift to the woman's family three times a year, add clothes and expensive gifts when we are engaged, and add pig altar wine when we get married. Nowadays, a new style of civilization is being promoted, and many wedding customs are not so complicated in details. Funeral, a bad habit in the old days, is quite superstitious. After the death of the old father and mother, funeral etiquette should be held to show filial piety to the children. The funeral for the poor is simple, while the rich are extravagant. From mourning to funeral, the following etiquette is generally required: when you die, you should lift the door panel and burn the road money; The body takes a bath, collapses after dressing, and is sent to the coffin; Obituaries to relatives and friends, setting up mourning halls, and children taking turns to be filial; Relatives wear white mourning clothes, women wear white skirts, relatives and friends wear white hijab and half white shoes; Within three days, accept relatives and friends to hang, enter the funeral and seal the coffin; Those who come to hang will give axes, elegiac couplets and money, and some will give three more animals, all of which will burn incense and bow down. The dutiful son will bow down in the curtain to return the gift, set off firecrackers and play mourning music to help the mourning. During the period when the coffin is parked, Taoist priests are invited to do fasting and Buddhist chanting, and there are superstitious projects such as managing lights, doing seven things, converging and breaking prisons, with the aim of crossing over the soul for the dead and going to hell to avoid sin; Before the funeral, he made a memorial service, and the ceremony was called, and he cried and mourned. The dutiful son wore a straw rope around his waist, wore a Ma Xie, held a filial stick in his hand, and covered his head with a white cloth. He paid a memorial service three times with the ceremony, repeatedly offering incense and kowtowing, and cried to grief; At the funeral, gongs were fired to clear the way, firecrackers were set off, and paper money was thrown along the way; Before burial, please ask Mr. Feng Shui to choose a place, determine the direction and time of the tomb, dig holes in advance, and camp and bury on time. After the founding of the People's Republic of China, these old customs and superstitious activities were basically stopped. Festivals are popular among the people, almost every month, depending on the lunar calendar in season and climate. The first day of the first month is New Year's Day, also known as the Spring Festival. Get up early to open the door, set off firecrackers, go out to the Arabian nights, worship parents and wish each other well. After dinner, the neighbors made a worship, called the New Year, and relatives and friends began to communicate. On this day, instead of sweeping the kitchen, we take and store, and they all say "Congratulations on making a fortune" when they meet. On the seventh day of the seventh lunar month, firecrackers are set off in the evening, such as New Year's Eve, wishing mankind a long life. The fifteenth day is the Lantern Festival, and it is popular to play with dragon lanterns and lanterns. February 15th is the Flower Festival. Tomb-sweeping Day in March is Tomb-Sweeping Day, where ancestors and martyrs are sacrificed and remembered. The eighth day of April is the Buddha Bathing Festival, the fifth day of May is the Dragon Boat Festival, the sixth day of June is the Mid-Autumn Festival, the seventh day of July is the Seven Clever Festival, the fifteenth day is the Mid-Autumn Festival, the ninth day of September is the Double Ninth Festival, the fifteenth day of October is the Xiaoyangchun Festival, the eighth day of the twelfth lunar month is the Laba Festival, the 23rd day is the gift to the Kitchen God, and the last day of the twelfth lunar month is the day of the twelfth lunar month. After the founding of the People's Republic of China, some of them have remained, giving them new content and significance. In addition, many important festivals on the Gregorian calendar have been added, such as March 8th, May 1st, May 4th, June 1st, August 1st and October 1st, which can be described as giving consideration to the old and the new, bringing forth the new.