A short geographical essay on extreme weather

In recent years, extreme climate events will increase significantly. Drought will have a serious impact on agriculture (a 2°C increase in temperature may reduce agricultural production by 30%). In southern Europe, rainfall will be significantly reduced. According to expert estimates, 60% of the world's residents will live in water-scarce areas by then. In the context of global warming, extreme precipitation events in my country have become more frequent and stronger in recent years, and the frequency of heavy rains and floods has increased. Drought events have occurred in the north every year. After the 1990s, many areas have suffered from 5-6 consecutive droughts. High temperatures in summer Heat wave weather has increased significantly. The hottest year, 2006, was also a year with frequent meteorological disasters across the country, including tropical cyclones, droughts, sandstorms, acid rain and other disasters.

Resulting in the deterioration of ecosystems. According to a report by an international research team composed of scientists from many countries, global climate warming will cause one-quarter of the world's terrestrial animals and plants, or more than 1 million species, to become extinct in the next 50 years. , will have a catastrophic impact on mankind. That is, 40% of biological species will disappear, and 20% of species in France will disappear. Polar bears and other Arctic animals will be the main victims, as will fish in coral reef waters. A German study shows that climate warming will cause a decrease in oxygen in the water, thus threatening the survival of fish. Some species will undergo major changes, if not necessarily extinction. For example, some southern plants will have to move north, and some migratory birds will no longer migrate.

Chinese scientists have discovered that the area of ​​glaciers in various mountain systems in the northwest has decreased by more than 7,000 square kilometers since the "Little Ice Age"; the water level of Qinghai Lake has dropped by more than 10 meters in the past century; coastal areas will suffer from rising sea levels And more floods and storm surges will have the most serious impact on economic zones such as the Pearl River Delta, Yangtze River Delta, and Bohai Bay. By then, many small islands will no longer exist.

Surveys show that global warming has become the most important environmental issue in the minds of Japanese people; in the United States, which emits the most greenhouse gases in the world, people are also reflecting on their impact on the climate. More and more people are reflecting on their impact on the climate. of people called on governments unwilling to sign the Kyoto Protocol to take measures to reduce greenhouse gas emissions.

Experts pointed out that climate change is now not only a scientific issue and an environmental issue, but also an economic issue, a political issue and a national security issue. The impacts of climate change will be long-term and huge, and most of them will be negative.