What is the symbolic significance of the moon in China culture? ! !
Since ancient times, people have given the moon all kinds of words? Hey? What's the point? Idle trouble rate? [6] Guangdong? ⒚ ⒁ ⒀ ⒒ ⒒ ⒒? Why don't you deal with it? ぁ?
Now, there are many myths and legends related to the moon, which were first recorded in ancient books such as Shan Hai Jing, Chu Ci and Huai Nan Zi. It is of great reference value for China to study the moon in the future. The story of the Goddess Chang'e flying to the moon and Zhu Yuanzhang's resistance to Yuan Dynasty has been circulated among the people. There is a very representative legend, which goes like this: It is said that there is a laurel tree 500 feet high on the moon. There was a man named WU GANG in the Han Dynasty who was obsessed with fairy tales and didn't concentrate on reading. He was banished to the moon to cut laurel, but laurel was cut with it, so later generations can see the phenomenon that WU GANG cut laurel endlessly in the middle of the month.
The moon can be said to be the representative of art, in Qu Yuan's Songs of the South? "Song of JIU" says: What are the advantages of luminous? Have another baby when you die. What's the use of feeling arrogant and caring for rabbits? Q: What are the characteristics of the moon, and it grows back when it dies? What are the advantages of keeping a rabbit in your arms? Du Fu once said: "Xin should be clear in the middle of the month." This shows that the moon, a beautiful thing, has attracted many literati to praise it!
People's yearning for the moon is endless. People use countless wonderful couplets to praise and appreciate it. Flowers are everywhere in the shadows; A pavilion of mountains, mountains, colors and moons peeps at people. This is a masterpiece of enjoying the moon, which is intriguing.
"When will there be a bright moon? Ask for wine from heaven. " How many people are intoxicated by this well-known poem! In our modern times, the moon is also a mystery in our hearts. Many people want to reveal its true face, but due to limited technology, only two astronauts have landed on the moon so far. First, Armstrong and Aldrin.
Now, the moon is still a mystery we want to know.
Mid-Autumn Festival is a great contribution of China people to world culture. This contribution not only lies in eating moon cakes, enjoying the moon and reuniting, but also constitutes a moon culturology with extremely rich cultural connotations.
Generally speaking, knowledge about the moon involves two parts: moonology and moonology. The focus of lunar science is to study the composition, structure, movement (including lunar earthquake), appearance and formation process of the moon. The focus of lunar science is to study the relationship between the moon and the earth, especially the role and influence of the moon on the life of the earth and human culture.
Specifically, moonology can be divided into lunar geomorphology, lunar biology and lunar culturology.
The so-called lunar geomorphology mainly studies the influence and function of the existence of the moon on the earth's topography (including meteorological climate), among which the most prominent function is the ocean tidal phenomenon on the earth, in addition to the crustal tidal phenomenon and atmospheric tides phenomenon.
The so-called lunar biology mainly studies the role and influence of the moon on life on earth, among which the prominent phenomenon is the life cycle (including physiological cycle) of many life on earth, which is obviously influenced by the gravity of the moon and its effects (including tidal phenomena). For example, marine life, especially offshore life, is very sensitive to tides and the menstrual cycle of human women (further proof is needed), and some birds navigate according to the moon.
The so-called lunar culturology mainly studies the relationship between human culture and the moon. This is a very interesting question, which involves many aspects of human cultural life.
1. The existence of the moon should be regarded as the special attachment of nature to human beings. This is because a planet as big as the earth has a satellite as big as the moon, which is unique in the solar system and may be very rare in the Milky Way. Coincidentally, from the perspective of the earth, the perspective of the moon is almost the same as that of the sun, that is, the moon is as big as the sun, and the moon, the sun and the earth are basically on the same plane of motion, so there will be periodic changes in solar eclipse, lunar eclipse and the moon's profit and loss. In view of this, we have reason to believe that the existence of the moon is an important factor to promote the development of human thinking; It can even be said that half of human wisdom enlightenment comes from the moon. Mid-autumn festival, this should be one of the important contents of wanting the moon.
2. The moon's periodic movement around the earth and the periodic changes of the moon's surface light and shade directly promote the formation and application of the human calendar and the corresponding astrological culture (see Mysterious Astrological Culture and Games, PLA Literature and Art Publishing House). A calendar based on the movement and periodic changes of the moon is called the lunar calendar (the moon represents Yin in China's Yin-Yang culture), a calendar based on the periodic movement of the sun is called the solar calendar (the sun represents Yang in China's Yin-Yang culture), and a calendar combining the lunar calendar and the solar calendar is called the Yin-Yang calendar. The lunar calendar in China is called the lunar calendar (for example, the leap month belongs to the lunar calendar and the 24 solar terms belong to the solar calendar).
China people make or use the lunar calendar. At least in the Shang Dynasty, there were written records in Oracle Bone Inscriptions, which described the periodic changes of the moon in detail. At the same time, the geographical documents of the Yin and Shang Dynasties, Shan Hai Jing and Si Ye Jing, also clearly recorded: "There was a woman who bathed the moon, and the wife of the emperor often gave birth to a second child in ten months, which was the beginning of bathing." Dijun is the ancestor of the Yin and Shang nationalities. The so-called "Moon Bathing in Changxi" actually means that Changxi invented or made a calendar of twelve months a year, and "Moon Bathing" is a demonstration of this calendar (belonging to astronomical witchcraft). See Reading Classic Mountains and Seas (Shanghai Dictionary Publishing House) for details.
3. Myths and legends about the moon, the most famous of which is the story of the Goddess Chang'e flying to the moon. For the scientific information interpretation of this story (including related ancient myths and legends), please refer to the author's Chang 'e: the victim of disaster witchcraft, the immortal mark left by the collision between heaven and earth experienced by our ancient ancestors. In addition, there are stories about the Moon Palace, laurel, moon essence, laurel, moon rabbit and toad, WU GANG and so on.
4. Folk festivals about the moon and their folk activities, such as Mid-Autumn Festival, eating moon cakes, family reunion, and the custom that the marriage between people is led by the elderly under the moon. In addition, it also includes cultural content named after the word "moon". In ancient times, the farming and harvesting activities of some ethnic groups were often carried out at night with the moon; In contrast, many military activities are often carried out on moonless nights.
Literary works about the moon can be said to be overwhelming. Among them, the description of the moon in ancient poetry is more prominent in the association and emotional catharsis of seeing and thinking about the moon.
6. With regard to the moon's scenic spots, there are the Tiantan, Ditan, Ritan, Yuetan and Xiannongtan in Beijing, the Moonlight Jiangsheng Hall in the summer resort (the title written according to Su Shi's "Red Cliff Fu" before and after Kangxi), the Moon Rock in Daoxian County, Hunan Province, the Crescent Mountain in Guilin, Guangxi, and the Crescent Spring in Dunhuang, Gansu Province.
Explore the mysteries of the moon
-rich and colorful moon culture
I. Teaching content
The fourth chapter of the seventh grade textbook of Beijing Normal University is comprehensive activity class.
Second, teaching material analysis
This is a comprehensive study, which aims to expand and extend the knowledge about the moon in this unit, give play to the role of knowledge integration and systematization in this unit, enable students to understand the related natural phenomena and humanistic phenomena, and cultivate the spirit of scientific exploration and humanistic spirit. On this basis, expand association and imagination, let students' thinking move, body move and integrate into the classroom. Finally, the experience will be formed into written materials. (This activity is combined with the traditional festival of China-Mid-Autumn Festival.)
Thirdly, the analysis of learning situation.
Students have accumulated a lot of knowledge about the moon by studying Unit 4, and sorted it out after class, so that this activity can provide a platform for students to show themselves. Make the relevant content leave a deeper impression in your mind and enhance students' interest in learning Chinese.
Fourth, teaching objectives.
A) Knowledge and ability goal: to master scientific and humanistic knowledge about the moon and cultivate the ability to collect and process relevant information.
B) Process Method Objective: Pay attention to the process of students' activities and the methods of obtaining information and solving problems.
C) Emotion, attitude and values: cultivate interest in the unknown world, love science, devote oneself to science, etc.
V. Teaching records
(1) Students give a three-minute speech: "The Moon as We Know It" (the content is to summarize the natural phenomena of the moon learned in the last class and make appropriate supplements)
(2) teacher introduction:
(3) The teacher introduces four groups of icons and the topics to be explored: (Show courseware: icons of each group)
One group: poems with the theme related to the moon;
The second group: the theme is fairy tales and folk customs related to the moon;
Three groups: the theme is couplets and riddles related to the moon;
Four groups: songs and paintings related to the moon;
(D) Teachers put forward the requirements of this achievement display: (Show courseware)
(Students read together) Presentation requirements for inquiry learning: 1
(5) Teacher: First, ask the first group of inquiry learners to show their inquiry results. (Everyone applauds, and the first group of presenters takes the stage.)
Choir, praise the moon.
-the first group of poems related to the moon
The first group of hosts:
The research topic of this group is "ode to the moon-poetry related to the moon"
The moon has been the object of praise since ancient times, and there are not many literary works related to the moon, such as Moonlight on the Lotus Pond by Zhu Ziqing and Moon Moon in Mid-Autumn Festival by Zhou Zuoren. There are countless poems about the moon. Let's take a closer look at the moon in the poem.
First of all, please enjoy the excerpt of "Moonlit Night on the Spring River" recited by the score poem.
Shang Recitation: (Poetry)
The first group of hosts:
The moon itself has a unique charm. Today, with the development of science and technology, it is still loved by people, and it is still a topic that people talk about after dinner. Look! A knowledge contest about the moon is going on fiercely …
Student Zhang Jiashuo:
Welcome back to our program. Now we have reached the most tense final stage. Poetry chanting for the moon-poetry competition.
At present, there are only three players left on the field: Ye Fei, player1; No.2 player Liu; No.3 contestant Chen Can. Who will be the champion today? Let's wait and see.
Moderator: ...
A: ...
The first group of hosts:
The moon has a rich and colorful culture, and there are many poems about the moon. If the students are interested in this, I will continue to discuss it after class.
This group reports that the performance is over, thank you!
The second group of hosts:
Ancient scholars often express their feelings through the moon in their poems, endowing the moon with different images, and forming such a splendid and unique moon culture. Please continue to enjoy the results of the second group.
I have an appointment with the moon.
-Legends and folklore related to Moon Tribe II
The second group of hosts (narrator):
This group is the second group of comprehensive learning activities-legends and folk customs related to the moon. "I don't know the month for hours, which is called Bai Yupan. Suspected to be a Yaotai mirror, flying in the blue clouds. " Since ancient times, people seem to be partial to the bright moon in the sky. The story of the month has been handed down from generation to generation and is still loved by people after hundreds of years.
On the evening of Mid-Autumn Festival, Grandma Fu and her granddaughter are enjoying the moon in the yard. ...
Listen to grandma tell the story of the moon.
1，cast:
Li Naixiu plays grandma.
Liu Yaxin plays the granddaughter.
2. Lines: (omitted)
Teacher: Speaking of eating moon cakes, the teacher can't help thinking of an incident the other day. Our classmate Hou Zhihui's parents are laid off and want to open a moon cake shop. His parents want me to give them a good name, so let's help them! Name the moon cake shop:
The new name of the moon cake shop
1, Yupanzhai:
Yupan is the laudatory name of the moon, and Zhai is also the place where ancient literati wrote books, with rich cultural connotations.
2. Round as the moon:
"Mid-Autumn Festival Moon Reunion" moon cake symbolizes reunion, therefore, this group is named "Round as the Moon".
3, spend a good cake ring:
The name of our shop comes from the word "flower circle". The circle here not only represents the moon circle, but also represents the moon cake circle, so we named it "Flower Moon Circle".
4. the golden house hides the charming:
We named it "the golden house hides the charming". The name of this shop seems ordinary, but it has golden treasures. Our moon cakes are as sweet and delicious as those made in luna. All customers are welcome to visit.
5. Full Moon:
The name of this group is "Waiting for the Full Moon", which means perfect. The metaphor of this name is that when the moon is full, everyone will come to our store to buy moon cakes.
6. Yuexiang:
We named it Yue. First of all, it reminds people of the elegance of cordate telosma. "Moon" refers to the moon cakes we made. "Come" means to welcome customers to our shop; "Xiang" means that the moon cakes we make are sweet and delicious. Students, do you smell the fragrance of moon cakes? Come to our moon cake shop.
7. Spend a good cake ring
The name of our shop comes from the word "full moon flower". The circle here represents not only the moon's circle, but also the moon cake's circle, so we choose "full moon flower".
8, full moon Xinyu
Whenever there is a full moon, do you look up at the bright moon in the sky with infinite emotion? Eat our moon cakes! It will send your words to the moon.
9. Yutuwu
We named it "Jade Rabbit House", because the moon cakes were made by the legendary Jade Rabbit around the fairy Chang 'e, so the moon cakes in "Jade Rabbit House" are also the most authentic, and I believe they will be loved by customers.
10, Bingxiang Village (Branch)
As the saying goes: the name of the store is the signboard. With a good name, business will flourish. I named this shop "Bingxiang Village" because it originated from "Xiang Tao Village" in A Dream of Red Mansions. Is it poetic?
Ok, let's invite the third group to show the exploration results on stage.
Guess the moon couplets
-couplet and riddle group 3
Moderator:
Since ancient times, many famous poets and scholars have written countless beautiful couplets, among which there are countless couplets about the moon. Everyone must want to know! Let's take a look at the cross talk Mid-Autumn Festival brought by Zhao Yongsheng and Sun.
(Specific content omitted)
Moderator:
After watching the wonderful performance, are you still unfinished? Then, please listen to Wang Sai's speech "A Thousand Miles of Bright Moon" to express her feelings about the moon.
Wang Sai: "Bright Moon Thousands of Miles"
Moderator:
After watching the above performances, everyone must have a deeper understanding of the moon. Because of the time, we can't continue to take you to explore the cultural treasures about the moon. But we believe that in the near future, everyone will be able to unveil the mysterious veil of the moon and let mankind know more about the moon. This is the end of the presentation performance of this group.
Teacher: Isn't the Moon Culture Exhibition wonderful? The wonderful thing is yet to come! Let's invite the fourth group to play.
The full moon as a song
-Songs and paintings about the Moon Group 4
Moderator: Please follow our fourth group, enter the fantasy world of the moon, listen to the songs of the moon and enjoy the pictures of the moon. I believe you will have a brand-new feeling. What everyone appreciates below is the prose "Travel Notes of the Moon Palace".
Travel notes of the moon palace
Cast:
Chang 'e-Chenghuan ornaments
Jade Rabbit-decorated by Zhang Xintong
Explorers-Huang (1), Li (2) and Cui Yujie (3)
Narrator-Fang Junsheng ornaments
(Specific content omitted)
Moderator: Yes, in fact, the most beautiful things often exist in your heart. So, classmates, what is the most beautiful moon in your heart? Please praise the moon with the most beautiful poems and pictures!
Teacher's summary: It shows all kinds of lunar cultural achievements, just like a series of spiritual delicacies with fragrance, let us enjoy them to our heart's content and linger. Excuse me, which program just now best met the performance requirements? (Show demo requirements)
Health 1.
Health II. leave out
Teacher: Omit.
(6) Extension of activities:
Teacher: In today's highly developed science and technology, why do people still like myths and legends, folk customs and literary works about the moon?
Health 1, omitted
Born 2, omitted
Born 3, omitted
Teacher's summary:
(7) Transfer
Take the month as the topic, talk about the experience and experience of sharing the results this time. No less than 500 words, and the topic is self-drawn.
Sixth, teaching reflection.
1. Open students' thinking: let students have a gradual process from incomplete to complete knowledge, let students truly confess their thoughts, and on the basis of students' divergent thinking, let students learn to comprehensively identify and analyze, so that knowledge can be attributed to the system.
2. Open teaching resources: For some special situations encountered in the teaching process, teachers should adjust their mentality and creatively solve them after class or in class.