The origin and weather characteristics of solar terms in vernal equinox
March 20th is the solar term of the vernal equinox. At this time, spring blossoms, grass grows and warblers fly, and farmers also enter the busy farming time. In ancient times, 24 solar terms have been formulated, and each solar term reflects the change of seasons and affects people's food, clothing, housing and transportation. Every solar term has its historical origin, so what is the origin of the solar term on the vernal equinox?
The origin of vernal equinox solar terms
Every year on March 20th or at 2 1 day of Gregorian calendar, the sun starts when it reaches 0 degrees of the yellow meridian (vernal equinox). The average length of this day is exactly half of the 90 days in spring, so it is called? Equinox? . Also called in ancient times? Japanese and China? 、? Day and night? 、? Zhong Chunyue? . The significance of the vernal equinox, first, refers to the equal division of day and night, each of which is 12 hours; Second, in ancient times, it was spring from beginning of spring to long summer, and the vernal equinox happened to be in the three months of spring, and spring was equally divided. On the vernal equinox, the sun shines directly at the equator, and day and night are almost equal. Then the direct sunlight position gradually moved northward, and the days were long and the nights were short. The vernal equinox is an important solar term, which not only has astronomical significance: the northern and southern hemispheres are equally divided day and night; Climatically, there are also obvious characteristics. During the spring equinox, China has entered a beautiful spring scenery except the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, Northeast China, Northwest China and North China. On the vast land, willows are green, Fei Ying grass grows, wheat jointing and rape blossoms are fragrant.
Vernal equinox, also called in ancient times? Japanese and China? 、? Day and night? 、? Zhong Chunyue? . "Ming history? The calendar says:? Point, Huangchi intersection, the sun line here, equally divided day and night. ? Therefore, the significance of the vernal equinox, first, refers to the equal division of day and night, each of which is 12 hours; Second, in ancient times, it was spring from beginning of spring to long summer, and the vernal equinox happened to be in the three months of spring, and spring was equally divided.
Twenty-four solar terms: (Gregorian calendar) In mid-February, it's 90 days and a half, so it's called fen. Autumn is synonymous. ? The Spring and Autumn Story of Han Dong's Zhongshu? Yin and yang up and down: As for the mid-spring moon, the sun is due east and the yin is due west, which is called the vernal equinox. The vernal equinox is half-phase, so it is cold and hot day and night. ? What are the corresponding phenological phenomena in the ancient Yellow River basin? When the mysterious bird arrived, Renai made a sound and started the electricity? (See Nong Sang Tong Ji). At this time, the overwintering crops in most parts of China entered the spring growth stage. Central China agricultural proverb:? Wheat gets up at the vernal equinox, which is worth a moment. ? The vernal equinox is also a traditional festival. In the Zhou dynasty, there was a ceremony to worship the sun at the vernal equinox. Book of Rites: Altar. ? Kong Shu:? It is also called the vernal equinox. ? This custom has been handed down from generation to generation. In the Qing Dynasty, Pan Rongbi's "Ji Sheng at the Age of Jingdi": Sacrificing the sun at the vernal equinox and the moon at the autumnal equinox is a grand ceremony of the country, and scholars are not allowed to worship at will. ? Around the Spring Equinox in Qing Dynasty, ministers in the palace paid homage to ancestral temples, and aristocratic families also paid homage to ancestral temples every day. Liang Zonggu in the Southern Dynasties recorded the Jingchu era. On the vernal equinox, people planted fire-extinguishing grass on their houses. If there is a bird like a blackbird, the rooster crows first, and the people wait for the bird to come in, thinking that it will wait. ? In the Ming Dynasty, planting trees in Zichuan, Shandong Province, brewed spring wine to cool off the heat. "Wenshui County Records" contains: On the vernal equinox, wine is mixed with cold, and flowers are grafted. ?
Weather characteristics of vernal equinox
On the vernal equinox, the sun shines directly at the equator, and day and night are almost equal. Then the direct sunlight position gradually moved northward, and the days were long and the nights were short.
The farther the earth is from the equator, the smaller the noonday angle of the sun, and the less sunlight and heat it gets. Generally, March, April and May are spring in the northern hemisphere and autumn in the southern hemisphere.
During the spring equinox and solar terms, the East Asian trough is obviously weakened, and the trough ridge activity in the westerly belt is obviously enhanced. From Mongolia to the northeast, there are often low-pressure activities and cyclone development. Low-pressure movement causes cold air to go south, and it is windy and windy in the north. When the long wave trough moves eastward, there will be continuous rainy and cold weather due to the intersection of cold and warm air masses.
In the vernal equinox season, except for' alpine mountains and latitude 45? Outside the northern region, the daily average temperature in all parts of the country rose steadily to above 0℃, the severe cold has passed, and the temperature rose rapidly, especially in North China and Huanghuai Plain, where the daily average temperature rose to above 10℃ almost at the same time as the rainy areas along the Yangtze River and the south of the Yangtze River, and entered a bright spring. On the vast land, the willows are green on the shore, the grass is growing in Fei Ying, the wheat is jointing, the rape is fragrant, the peach blossom is red, Li Bai is welcoming the spring, and the yellow is yellow. South China is a scene of late spring. According to the climate law, the precipitation in the south of the Yangtze River increased rapidly at this time, and it entered the spring? Peach blossom flooding? Period; Are you online? Spring rain is as expensive as oil? The precipitation in Northeast China, North China and Northwest China is still less, so resisting the threat of spring drought is the main problem of agricultural production.
? Is it worth 1000 yuan to get up at the vernal equinox? In the northern areas with little rain in spring, we should pay close attention to spring irrigation, water saving and jointing fertilization, and pay attention to preventing late frost and freezing injury; South China still needs to continue to do a good job in drainage and flood prevention. Early rice seedling raising in Jiangnan and Jianghuai areas has started, and the weather changes frequently in early spring. Attention should be paid to soaking seeds to accelerate germination when cold air comes, and sowing in sunny days when cold air ends. Mass experience says:? A cold tail warms the head, and the young seeds are not worried. ? According to the weather conditions, strive for 3? 5 sunny days, ensure that all seedlings are broadcast at one time. Spring tea has begun to sprout, so it is necessary to apply quick-acting fertilizer to control pests and diseases in time and strive for high yield and high quality tea.
? February is the vernal equinox, and planting trees and fertilizing cultivated land is deep. ? The vernal equinox is also an excellent time to plant trees, such as ancient poems? Niu Jiao women get up in the middle of the night, and planting trees in the Ming Dynasty is the vernal equinox? Sentence. In the hot busy farming season, we should continue to use our hands to green the mountains and rivers of the motherland and beautify our environment.
The vernal equinox is one of the solar terms reflecting the changes of the four seasons. In ancient China, beginning of spring, Changxia, beginning of autumn and beginning of winter were used to indicate the beginning of the four seasons. The vernal equinox, summer solstice, autumn equinox and winter solstice are in the middle of each season. On the day of the vernal equinox, the sun shone directly on the equator, and the time of day and night was equal all over the earth, so the ancient vernal equinox and autumnal equinox were also called? Day and night? , folk have? Equinox in spring and autumnal equinox, equally divided day and night? Proverbs
After the vernal equinox, the overwintering crops in most parts of southern China entered the spring growth stage. In central China, there is an agricultural proverb, "Wheat starts at the vernal equinox, and every moment is worth a thousand dollars". The temperature in most parts of the south continues to rise, but generally it doesn't rain as fast as the vernal equinox. In late March, the average temperature in northern South China is mostly 13℃ to 15℃, and in southern South China it is mostly 15℃ to 16℃. Most of the plateau has been melted by snow, and the ten-day average temperature is about 5℃ to 10℃. Most areas in South China, such as river valleys, have the highest temperature, with an average of 18℃ to 20℃. In the south, except for the marginal mountainous areas, the average daily temperature rose steadily to above 12℃ in 1978, which is beneficial to planting crops such as rice and corn, and is also very suitable for afforestation. However, before and after the vernal equinox, there is often a strong cold air intrusion in South China, and the temperature drops obviously, as low as 5℃. Sometimes a small stream of cold air comes one after another, forming a low temperature and rainy weather that lasts for several days, which is not good for agricultural production. According to this feature, we should make full use of the weather forecast, grasp the cold tail and warm head, and sow in time.
On the vernal equinox, the sun shines directly at the equator, and day and night are almost equal. The difference is that it is spring in the northern hemisphere and autumn in the southern hemisphere. Then the direct sunlight position gradually moved northward, the solar radiation in the northern hemisphere gradually increased, and the weather became warmer day by day. At the same time, the days get longer and the nights get shorter. The spring equinox solar terms are affected by the intersection of cold and warm air masses, and the rain will also increase.
As the saying goes:? When the spring equinox wheat rises, should the fertilizer and water follow closely? . A spring rain was warm. After the spring rain, I was busy plowing. The busy farming season in spring is about to begin, and spring management, spring ploughing and spring planting are about to enter a busy stage. After the vernal equinox, overwintering crops enter the growth period, so field management should be strengthened. As the temperature rises rapidly and the water demand is relatively large, farmers should strengthen water storage and moisture conservation.
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