Classical Chinese short fable
In Han Fei's Note to Han Fei in the pre-Qin period: "Song people had cultivators, plants in the fields, and rabbits died." Method linkage; As objects and attributes; Feng Menglong's ancient and modern novel "Yangba Lao Yue Guo" Qi Feng: "Is it a good idea for me to keep a house diligently?" A synonym for carving a boat for a sword, sticking to the rules, and an antonym for understanding the contingency lantern riddle Liu Dian, so a farmer in Song State was digging the ground.
Suddenly, he saw a rabbit running out of the grass beside him in a panic, hitting a stump by the field and lying there motionless. The farmer went over and saw that the rabbit was dead.
It broke its neck because it ran too fast. The farmer was very happy and picked up a fat and big rabbit effortlessly.
He thought; If rabbits can be found every day, life will be easier. Since then, he has never tried farming again.
He put his hoe beside him every day and lay in front of the stump, waiting for the second and third rabbits to hit the stump by themselves. There are so many cheap things in the world.
Of course, the farmer didn't pick up the killed hare again, but his field was deserted. [Tip] This is a well-known fable.
Rabbit suicide on the stump is an accidental phenomenon in life. However, farmers in Song Dynasty mistakenly thought it was a frequent and inevitable phenomenon, and ended up in a rural wasteland with nothing.
Luck rather than hard work will not lead to good results. We can't be fools waiting for him.
[Original] Song people have plowmen. There was a plant in the field. When the rabbit touched the plant, its neck broke and it died.
Stand by and let the plants out and save the rabbit. Rabbits can't recover, but as Song said.
-"Everything is done wrong" [note] 1 plant-roots and stems are exposed to the ground. (2) go-run, escape.
(3) class-ancient agricultural tools, similar in shape. Four wings.-hope.
(5) As a small fruit of the Song people, it was laughed at by the Song people. Ynradadà o Lí ng: cover up; Steal: steal.
Cover your ears and steal bells. Metaphor is self-deception
"Lu's Spring and Autumn Annals: Self-knowledge" during the Warring States Period: "If a man has a clock, he must not lose it. Destroy it with vertebrae, and the bell will ring.
I'm afraid people will steal from me and cover their ears. "Using linkage method; As predicate, attribute and adverbial; With a derogatory example, the fourth act of Hong Shen's The Fan of the Rich: "I thought I could keep my lofty, didn't I?" "Once upon a time, there was a man who was stupid and selfish and had a bad habit of taking advantage of others.
He always tries his best to get anything he likes, even to steal it. Once, it took a fancy to a bell hanging on a gate.
The doorbell of this door is exquisite, beautiful and loud. He thought, how can I get it? Finally decided to steal, steal.
He clearly knows that as long as he touches the bell with his hand, it will ring "ding-ding-bell" As soon as the doorbell rings, the ear will hear the bell. When it rings, people will find it.
You won't get a bell. So what should we do? He suddenly thought of a way.
He thinks that when the doorbell rings, his ears will hear it. Cover your ears, so you can't hear? So, he cleverly used this method to steal the doorbell. One night, he quietly came to the front door by moonlight.
He reached for the doorbell, but it was too high to reach, so he had to come back disappointed. What does he want to do when he gets home? He wants his deaf neighbors to steal the bell together, so that he can step on his shoulder to pick the bell.
But I was afraid that others would not do it and steal with him, so I had to step on the stool and pick the bell myself. The next night, he crept to the gate with a stool.
He stepped on the stool, covered his ears with one hand and picked up the bell with the other. Who knows that he just touched the bell when it rang, and the owner of the house found it and caught him.
Because other people's ears are not covered, they can still hear the bell. Source: Lu Chunqiu knows: "If the people have a clock and want to leave, the clock is too big to bear.
Destroy it with vertebrae, and the bell will ring. I'm afraid people will steal from me and cover their ears. "
Interpretation: cover: cover, cover; Steal: steal. Steal the bell and cover your ears for fear that others will hear you.
Metaphorically, you are deceiving yourself, and you must try to cover up what you can't cover up clearly. [Tip] Ringtones exist objectively and will not disappear just because you block your ears; Everything in the world also exists objectively, not because you close your eyes, it no longer exists or changes its shape.
Although this fable is short, it vividly illustrates a basic principle of dialectical materialism: ignoring and studying objective reality is self-deception and will eventually suffer. [Original] Fan's death is also ①, and the people have the death knell ②.
If you want to go negative, then the clock is too big to go negative; As the spine is destroyed (4), the bell rings (5). If you are afraid of taking the world away, cover your ears.
-"Lu's Spring and Autumn Annals" [note] 1 Fan's death also-Fan was a nobleman at the end of the Spring and Autumn Period. After being defeated by four other nobles, he fled to Qi. Death, escape.
② Zhong-an ancient percussion instrument. (3) negative-carrying things.
④ Vertebral (mound) mallet. ⑤ Hu-describe the bell.
⑥ (Ǔ)-rapid. Steal the bell and cover your ears for fear that others will hear you.
Metaphorically, you are deceiving yourself, and you must try to cover up what you can't cover up clearly. Pronunciation nán yuán běi zhé: I want to go to the south but the car goes to the north.
Metaphor is the opposite of action and purpose. Source: "Warring States Policy Wei Ce IV": "I still travel north to Chu."
Wang Wei wanted to attack Han, and Liang Ji remonstrated, saying, "I came here today, and when I saw someone on the waterfront, I led my troops northward. I said to the minister,' I want Chu. I said,' will the monarch of Chu laugh at Xi as the north? Said, "My Ma Liang.
Said:' Although the horse is good, this is not the road to Chu. He said, "I often use it.
I said,' Use.
2. A large number of short fables in ancient Chinese are required, and it is necessary to translate 1, carving a boat and seeking a sword "Lv Chunqiu". Cha Jin: The Chu people waded across the river, and the knife fell from the boat into the water, saying, "My knife fell from here."
The ship stopped at the destination, and the Chu people jumped into the water from the marked place to find the sword. During the Warring States Period, a Chu man crossed the river by boat.
When the boat reached the middle of the river, he accidentally dropped a sword he was carrying into the river. He hurried to catch it, it was too late.
The people on board felt very sorry for this, but the Chu people seemed to have planned it long ago. He immediately took out a knife, carved a mark on the ship's side, and said to everyone, "This is where my sword fell into the water, so I want to carve a mark." 2, the death of the thief, the people have a clock.
If you want to go negative, then the clock is too big to go negative; Destroyed by vertebrae, the bell rang. I'm afraid people will steal from me and cover their ears.
The wicked smell it, too; Evil is self-loathing, and it is ridiculous. During the Spring and Autumn Period, Zhi Bo, a nobleman of the State of Jin, was defeated.
Someone took the opportunity to steal from Fan's house and saw a big clock hanging in the yard. This clock is made of exquisite bronze with exquisite shapes and patterns.
The thief was very happy. He wanted to take this beautiful clock home. But this clock is big and heavy, so it cannot be moved.
There is only one way he can think of, and that is to break the clock and move home separately. The thief found a big hammer and threw it at the clock desperately. There was a loud bang, which startled him.
The thief panicked and thought, this is bad. Isn't this noise equivalent to telling people that I stole the clock here? In desperation, he jumped on the bell and tried to cover it with open arms, but how to cover it? The bell is still echoing in the distance. The more he listened, the more afraid he became. He withdrew his hands freely and covered his ears hard.
"Hey, the bell is getting smaller and I can't hear it!" The thief was very happy. "wonderful! You can't hear the bell if you can't cover your ears! " He immediately found two cloth balls to plug his ears, thinking that no one could hear the bell. So I let go and hit the bell. When the bell rang, it spread loudly to far away places.
People heard the bell rush in and caught the thief. 3, Zheng people buy shoes Zheng people want to buy shoes, first measure their feet and sit on them.
Go to town and forget to fuck it. Fulfilling his promise, he said, "I forgot to insist!" " "Go back and get it.
When you come back, the city is on strike, so you can't walk. People say, "Why not try?" Yue: "I would rather be reliable than confident."
Zheng has a man who wants to buy a pair of shoes. He measured his feet first, then drew a sample size and put it on the seat. When he hurried to the market to buy shoes, he forgot to take the measured size.
He picked up his shoes and remembered, "I forgot to measure." So, I ran back to get the bottom sample.
By the time he came back, the market had already dispersed and the shoes had not been bought. Someone asked him, "Why don't you try on your shoes with your own feet?" He said, "I would rather trust my own size than my own feet."
4. Better late than never, Zhuang Xin said that the king of Chu Xiang said, "Wang left Zhou Hou and right Xiahou, but with Yanling and Shouling Jun, he specialized in extravagance, regardless of national politics, and the capital of Ying was bound to be in danger."
Wang Xiang said, "Are you old and rebellious? Do you think Chu is a demon? " Zhuang Xin said, "I sincerely see its inevitability. I dare to think, the evil luck of the country.
If the king is lucky enough to have four sons, Chu will perish. I ask you to stay in Zhao for a long time to observe. "
Zhuang Xin went to Zhao, stayed in May, took the land of Yan, Ying, Wu, Shangcai and Chen and went to Chengyang. Therefore, it makes people feel anxious to collect Zhuang Xin from Zhao.
Zhuang Xin said, "Promise." When Zhuang Xinzhi arrived, Wang Xiang said, "I can't use your husband's words. As for this, what can I do? " Zhuang Xin said to him: "I have heard an old saying,' It's not too late to see rabbits and love dogs; It is never too late to mend.
When I heard yesterday's soup, my martial arts were hundreds of miles long, and Jie and Zhou died in the world. Although Chu is small today, it is extremely long and extremely short, and it is still a thousand miles away. Is it really a hundred miles? "The king alone to see her husband? Six-legged and four-winged, flying between heaven and earth, pecking at mosquitoes, eating them and drinking their nectar, thinking it is harmless and uncontested with people.
If you are not a five-foot boy, you adjust the glue line and add it to the top of the four, and the ants will eat it below. Dragonfly is the smallest one, and yellowbird is the reason.
Leaning over the white wheat, looking up at the lush trees, flapping their wings, thinking that they were relieved of their troubles and fighting with others. I don't know if my husband's son Wang Sun holds a bullet in his left hand and a pill in his right, but he will add up the 10 tablets as a trick.
Walking in the lush Woods during the day, adjusting the pH at night, suddenly fell into the hands of the son. "The smallest, orioles.
Swimming in rivers and seas, drowning in swamps, bending over? Roll carp, bite back {Ling Ling}, and fight for its six purlins, while Ling Qingfeng, swaying, thinks nothing, and does not fight with others. You don't know who your husband is filming, so you take him away, treat him, and add to your life.
It's only a matter of time, and the pay is small and easy. Therefore, you can swim in the river during the day and listen at night.
"Fu Huang Jie its SIMS, Cai Shenghou cause also. Traveling to Gaopi in the south, drinking Ruxi, eating fish from Xiang Bo, concubines on the left and girls on the right, galloping with them in Gaocai, regardless of country.
I don't know if the master was ordered to announce the king, but I also saw it with Zhu Si. Cai Shenghou's business is the smallest, and Wang's business is above this.
Zuo Zhouhou, right Xiahou, generation from Yanling Jun, Shouling Jun, rice sealing the millet of Lu, Dai Fangfu's gold galloping cloud dream, regardless of the world. I don't know if the husband and wife were ordered by the king of Qin to plug the plug and throw themselves out. "
When Wang Xiang heard it, his color changed and his body trembled. The use is granted to Yangling County and Huaibei.
Zhuang Xin said to King Xiang of Chu, "The king of Chu has state affairs on the left, Xiahou on the right, and Yan Lingjun and Shou Lingjun behind the car. Living freely and ignoring state affairs will make Du Ying very dangerous." King Xiang of Chu said, "Are you crazy? Or do you think Chu will be unlucky? " Zhuang Xin said: "I certainly saw the inevitable consequences of the incident, and I don't have to think that the country is unlucky.
If the king is always partial to these four people and does not impose any restrictions, the State of Chu will surely perish. Ask the king to allow his ministers to take refuge in Zhao, where they can observe the changes in Chu. "
Zhuang Xin left Chu for Zhao, where he lived for only five months. Qin sent troops to capture Yan, Ying, Wu, Shang Cai and Chen, and King Xiang of Chu also lived in exile in Chengyang. At this time.
3. The classical Chinese version of the fable story, simply holding the pole into the city, Lu has a long pole into the city gate, initially vertical and horizontal, and nothing happened. An old Russian father said: "I am not a saint, but I have seen many things." Why don't you use a saw to go in? " So I cut it off. There was a man in the state of Lu who walked into the city gate with a long pole. At first he stood up and held it, but he couldn't get into the gate. He came and hugged, but he couldn't get into the gate. I really can't think of a way. After a while, an old man came and said, "I am not a saint, but I have seen many things." Why not use a saw to cut off the long pole and enter the city gate? " So the Lu people listened to the old man's method and cut off the long pole. Zheng people buy shoes to buy shoes. People with shoes should sit on their feet first. When they arrived in the city, they forgot to do it. They have done it, but they said, "I forgot to insist." Instead, it is. The anti-urban strike cannot be realized. People say, "Why not try? Holden: Holden reliability is better than confidence. Zheng has a man who wants to buy a pair of shoes. He measured his feet first, and then put the measured size on the seat. He hurried to the market and forgot to bring that size. He got the shoes, but said, "I forgot my size." "Then go home and get it. By the time he came back, the market had already dispersed, and he finally didn't buy shoes. Someone asked him, "Why don't you try on the size of your shoes with your own feet?" He replied, "I would rather believe in size than my own feet!" The Chu people who sell spears have a reputation: "I have a strong shield and can't sink." "He also praised his spear and said," The benefits of my spear are all trapped in things. Or, "What about a child's spear and a trapped child's shield?" "He has the ability to respond. Invincible shields and invincible spears cannot coexist. Paradoxically, there was a man in Chu who sold both shields and spears. He praised himself and said, "My shield is so strong that nothing can pierce it. "(He) praised his spear and said," My spear is very sharp, and there is nothing it can't pierce. "Some people say," What will happen if you stab your shield with your spear? "The seller can't respond. An airtight shield and an airtight spear cannot exist at the same time.
4. Who has several fables in classical Chinese, it is best to explain "Xiaoyao Zi" in a short time and write "Shaking" to show that he is comfortable; "Wandering freely" means moving freely without any constraints.
The full text can be divided into three parts. The first part is "the sage is unknown", which is the main part of this paper. By comparing many examples that can't be "carefree", it shows that to truly achieve the realm of freedom, we must be "selfless", "reactive" and "unknown". The second part, I am suddenly lost in the world, further expounds the previous part, explaining that "no self" is the only way to get rid of all kinds of bondage and dependence. As long as you really forget yourself and everything, you can reach the realm of freedom. Only "no self" is the person with the highest spiritual realm.
The rest is the third part, which discusses what is really useful and what is useless, indicating that we should not be stuck by things, but should regard uselessness as useful, further expressing our life purport of opposing active participation in social activities and pursuing leisure and self-satisfaction with the goal of being free from any constraints. This article is one of the representative works of Zhuangzi, which is full of fantastic imagination and romantic colors, and combines reasoning with fables and vivid metaphors to form a unique style.
"Wandering freely" is also an important aspect of Zhuangzi's philosophy. The whole article repeatedly expounds the idea of nothing to rely on and pursues the absolute freedom of the spiritual world.
In Zhuangzi's eyes, everything in objective reality, including people, is antagonistic and interdependent, so there is no absolute freedom. If you want nothing to rely on, you have nothing. Therefore, he hopes that everything will go with the flow, be detached from reality, deny all the functions of human beings in social life, and confuse human life with the survival of all things; Advocate not to dwell on things and pursue unconditional spiritual freedom.
There is a fish named Kun in the Northern Ghost. Kun is so big, I don't know its thousands of miles; Adult bird, named Peng ③.
Peng's back is thousands of miles away; Angry fly (4), its wings hang like clouds (5). If it is a bird, shipping will migrate to Nanming.
South ghost, Tianchi also 7. Yes, so is the geek.
The words of Hehe said, "Peng moved to Nanming, and the water hit three thousand Li. Attending, it was Jiu Wan Li who climbed up (1 1), and it was also (12) who went to rest in June. " Wild horses (13), dust (14) and interesting interactions between creatures (15).
The sky is gray, and its positive color is evil? Is it far and omniscient and extremely evil (16)? It looks down. If it is, it's gone. And the product of husband's water is not thick, then the negative boat is weak.
Cover the depression with a glass of water (17), and the mustard tuber will be a boat (18); If you cover a cup, it's glue. Shallow water makes a big boat. The wind is not thick and its negative wing is weak, so it is windy in Wan Li (19).
Then, today's Pei Feng (20), the person who bears the blue sky and doesn't want to die (2 1), and then, today's plan goes south. Fu and Xue Dui laughed (22): "I decided to fly (23) and grab the elm (24), but I didn't arrive at that time. I just controlled the ground (25); Xi to nine Wan Li and south (26)? " People who are suitable for the wild (27), stubborn and rebellious (28), or people who have a good stomach (29); Leave grain for the fittest (30); The fittest travels a thousand miles, and food gathers in March.
What about the second worm (3 1)? Little knowledge is not as good as great knowledge (32), and small years are not as good as big years. What if I know? Mushrooms don't know the new moon (33), and cockroaches don't know the spring and autumn (34), which is also a small year.
There are ghosts in southern Chu (35), five hundred years old is spring, and five hundred years old is autumn; In ancient times, there was a big tree (36), eight thousand years old was spring, and eight thousand years old was autumn (37). And Peng Zu is long heard (38), and everyone is one of them (39). Aren't you sad? Tang Tici Ye (40): "There is a ghost sea in the poor north (4 1) and Tianchi Ye.
There is a kind of fish, which is thousands of miles wide. Those who don't know its cultivation (42) are called Kun. There is a bird named Peng, whose back is like Mount Tai (43) and whose wings are like clouds hanging in the sky. Those who rise to the top with horns, nine Wan Li (44), those who lose clouds (45), the sky is blue, and seeking the south again is also suitable for the south.
Scold me and laugh (46):' What about the stone? I jumped up, but counted down (47), flying in Artemisia, and Artemisia also flew to (48). "Is he a stone, too?" "Small debate big also (49).
Therefore, the husband knows that being an official (50) is not as good as being a township (5 1), and the gentleman wants to levy the country (52), which is the same. And Song still laughed (53).
However, there is no advice in the world (54), there is no depression in the world (55), and the distinction between inside and outside (56) and the boundary between honor and disgrace (57) is long gone. There are countless others in the world (58).
Although, there are still trees. Fu Liezi rode against the wind (59), Shan Ye, Ling Ran (60), and turned back five days out of ten days (6 1).
Blessed people (62) do not count. Although this is not necessary, people who have things to do are also (63).
The husband takes the righteousness of heaven and earth as benefit (64) and resists the debate of six qi (65). Who swims endlessly and treats zai badly (66)? Therefore, it is said that "man has no self-nature (67), man of God is useless (68), and sage is nameless (69). Note (1) Ghost: It also means sea.
"Northern Ghost" is the sea in the north. The following "Nan Ming" is like this.
Legend has it that the North Sea is boundless, deep and dark. (2) Kun (kūn): This refers to fish eggs, and the name of big fish is borrowed here.
③ Peng: This is the ancient word "Feng", and the name of big bird is used here. 4 Anger: Stand up.
5 vertical: remote; In this sense, future generations will write "Confucianism". Speaking of hiding, it's just covering the sky.
⑥ Shipping: Seawater movement, here refers to the turbulent waves; When it comes to Peng birds flying at sea. Migration: Migration.
⑦ Tianchi: a large natural pool. Qi Xie: The name of this book.
Say a name. Pet-name ruby: record
⑩ Strike: Flapping refers to a bird flapping its wings on the water. (1 1) Yi (tuán): about the top.
When I say "slap", I mean "hit" (bó). Spin: also known as soaring, a storm that spirals sharply from the ground.
(12) Go: Leave, which means leave Beihai. Rest: Stop.
(13) Wild Horse: Fog in the forest in spring. Fog floats like a galloping horse, hence the name "Wild Horse".
(14) Dust: The soil suspended in the air is called "dust", and the tiny dust particles are called "wormwood". (15) Organism: refers to all kinds of organisms.
Breath: This refers to the breath produced by biological respiration. (16) Extreme: exhausted.
(17) reply: dump. Ao: pits and depressions, and "depression hall" refers to pits and depressions on the ground of the hall.
(18) Mustard: grass. (19) S: Then, just.
(20) then today: it means only after this; The following is the same solution. Pei: commonly known as "depend".
(2 1) Mo: I have no right to say here. Yuyao (è): Write again.
5. Fable stories (classical Chinese) Fable stories should be short and meaningful. Don't gild the lily and carve a boat for the sword. Chu people waded across the river, and their swords fell into the water from the ship, while (j ǜ) ǜ ǜ ǜ ǜ ǜ ǜ ǜ ǜ ǜ jǜ) ǜ ǜ ǜ ǜ ǜ ǜ ǜ ǜ ǜ ǜ ǜ ǜ ǜ ǜ ǜ ǜ ǜ ǜ 47 They stick to dogma and law, but they are stubborn and inflexible. The place has changed, and the way to solve the problem should be flexible. For the original text of Confucius' argument about Japan, see the argument between two children (1) and ask the reason (2). A son said, "I am convinced. However, time is drawing near in Japan and China. A Confucius said, "The sunrise is as big as a cover (6), and the sunrise is as big as a bowl (9). Isn't this (10) which is smaller and which is closer? "One son said," It's cool when the sun rises in the morning (1 1), just like exploring soup at noon (12). Isn't it near hot and far cold? "Confucius can't decide (13). The two children laughed and said, "Which is the Tathagata Zhihu (14)! "Moral: 1. If you look at the problem one-sidedly, you can't get the correct conclusion. You should look at the problem from more angles. No matter how big a scholar is, there is something he doesn't understand. You have to pretend to understand and seek truth from facts.
6. Short fables in ancient Chinese were encouraged by short translation.
There was a man in the Song Dynasty who bowed before his seedlings grew well. When he came back, he said, "I am sick today! Yu Zhumiao has grown up! " His son hurried to see it, Miao was dying.
The world can't help the Miao and the old! Those who give up because they feel useless don't cultivate seedlings; Help the elderly and help the seedlings; Inaction is useless and harmful (selected from Mencius Gongsun Chou)
In ancient times, there was a farmer in Song State. After planting the seedlings, he hopes to harvest them early. Every day when he goes to the rice field, he finds that the seedlings grow slowly. He was impatient and thought, "How can we make rice seedlings grow tall and fast? He thought and thought, and finally came up with a "best way", which is to set the rice seedlings a few points higher. After some hard work, he went home to rest with a hoe. Then I went back and confessed to my family: "I'm exhausted today. I helped the crops grow a lot!" His son hurried to the field and saw that all the seedlings were dead.
The development of things and the growth of people are gradual, and it is not only useless but also harmful to violate this law.
7. What are the short fables in ancient China?
The Song family, who have no wells at home, often live in other places. When his family crossed the well, he said to someone, "I crossed the well alone." . The person who heard the news said, "Shi Ding asked a man to go down the well." The people of China knew it and heard it from Song Jun. When Song Jun was asked by Shi Ding, Shi Ding said to him, "You have to be alone in the well to get a job."
Word annotation
(1) from Lv Chunqiu. (2) Irrigation: taking water. ③ Well drilling: Dig a well.
Poetry translation
There was a family named Ding in Song State. There is no well at home, so they have to go outside to get water, so there is always a person running around outside. Later, his family dug a well, and he said to people, "I dug a well, and there is one more person in my family." Someone listened and told another person: "The Ding family dug a well and a man came out of it." So people all over the country rushed to spread such an anecdote. The news reached the King of Song. The monarch sent someone to Ding Gu for questioning. Ding Jia replied: "We mean that after digging a well, one more person's labor can be used, instead of digging a person out of the well."
Inspiration: This story leads to the discrepancy of the information conveyed by Shi Ding's crossing the well, which shows that rumors are easy to be wrong, and you have to investigate everything yourself to know the truth.