What is the word of Sima Yan, Emperor Wu of Jin Dynasty, and which play did it appear in?
Sima Yan, the eldest son of Si Mazhao, served as Zhongfu Army; However, Si Mazhao intended to let his youngest son, Sima You, succeed to the throne, but with the opposition of many ministers, Sima Yan was elected King of Jin in May 265. In August of the same year, Si Mazhao suddenly died of a stroke at the age of 55. Inherited Zhao's sum. In December, Sima Yan forced Cao Huan, the Emperor of Wei Yuan, to abdicate and become the Emperor of Jin. Emperor Wudi of the Jin Dynasty wantonly established the imperial clan as the king, so that he could master the military power, in order to make up for the experience that Cao Wei suppressed the imperial clan excessively, which led to the emperor's isolation and helplessness, and was finally usurped by the powerful ministers. At the same time, in 268, Taishi Law was promulgated, and in 279, Jia Chong, Yang Ji, Du Yu and Wang Jun were ordered to attack Wu. In March 280, Sun Hao surrendered, Sun Wu perished, and the separatist regime since the Yellow turban insurrectionary uprising was temporarily unified.
After reunification, Sima Yan thought that there was nothing in the world, so he removed the county guards, and at the same time implemented the law of occupying land and teaching land in an attempt to make peace with people's livelihood. However, Sima Yan is also a lecherous person. In 273 AD, in order to choose ladies-in-waiting, he banned ethnic marriage. After the demise of Sun Wu, 5,000 ladies-in-waiting in Sun Hao's harem were brought into the harem, so the harem in Sima Yan had a scale of 10,000 people. In order to facilitate good fortune, Sima Yan wandered around the harem in a sheep cart, stopped in front of any maid-in-waiting, and went to find good fortune; For the emperor's good luck, the maid-in-waiting sprinkled salt and inserted bamboo leaves in front of the mansion to lure the sheep cart. Moreover, the border ethnic minorities moved into the Central Plains, which triggered conflicts between ethnic minorities and Han Chinese. Guo Qin, Jiang Tong and others used the migration theory to persuade Di Chin to forcibly move the ethnic minorities into their original places of residence, but Di Chin did not use it. In 290, Emperor Wu of Jin died in Zhang Hantang and was buried in Yang Junling.
Emperor Wu himself inherited the inheritance of Sima Yi, Sima Shi and Si Mazhao, but he was not a wise king himself. He abandoned the state and county armed forces, wantonly enfeoffed the imperial clan, let the kings choose their own officials and set up soldiers according to their ranks, and could not deal with the problem of ethnic minorities moving in, thus laying a curse for the chaos between the Eight Kings and Yongjia in the future.
[Edit this paragraph] Chronology of Sima Yan
In 236 AD, Sima Yan, the grandson of Sima Yi, was born.
In 265 AD, Si Mazhao died of illness, and Sima Yan succeeded Si Mazhao to the throne. That year, he usurped the throne and proclaimed himself emperor, and established the Jin Dynasty.
In 280 AD, the Jin army attacked Wu and perished, ending the tripartite confrontation between the three countries.
In 290, Sima Yan died at the age of 55.
[Edit this paragraph] The title of Emperor Wu of Jin Dynasty
Taishi (February 4, 266-274)
Xianning (April 275-280)
Taikang (April 280-289)
Taixi (2901-April).
[Edit this paragraph] Emperor Wu acceded to the throne
Sima Yan (Han Qing) in the public TV series Romance of the Three Kingdoms died in Si Mazhao in 265 at the age of 55. Sima Yan succeeded to the throne of Guo Xiang and mastered the military and political power of the country. In February of the same year, 65438+, after careful preparation, he imitated the story of Cao Pi's generation of Han Dynasty to prepare for the throne. After Sima Yan took over as Prime Minister, some people were instructed by Sima Yan to persuade Wei Emperor Cao Huan to step down earlier. Soon, Cao Huan wrote: "King Jin, your family has assisted the emperor for generations, and your merits are higher than heaven. The four seas are blessed by Sima's family. God wants me to give you the position of emperor. Please follow your destiny and don't refuse! " Sima Yan made excuses again and again. Sima Yan's confidant Chou He Zeng, Wei General Jia Chong and others led the Manchu civil and military officials to remonstrate many times. Sima Yan made many concessions before accepting the abdication of Wei Emperor Cao Huan and named Cao Liu Wang. In 265 AD, he ascended the throne and changed his country name to Jin, which was called the Western Jin Dynasty in history. Sima Yan, King of Jin, became Emperor Wu of Jin. There are striking similarities in history. Wei was in Zen for 45 years from Cao Pi to Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, which ended here. Si Mazhao also let Di Wei gain the throne by abdicating, and Cao Wei also died. But at this time, Sima Yan did not relax. He knows very well that although he ascended the throne, the crisis still exists.
Internally, in order to pave the way for the Sima family to seize the throne, his grandfather and father brutally slaughtered Cao Shijia and its affiliated forces after Cao Cao, and the shadow caused by this incident still exists in people's hearts. From the outside, although Shu Han was razed to the ground, Sun Wu was still there. Although Dongwu at this time is not enough to compete with Jin, it is still a big threat. Domestic troubles and foreign invasion told Sima Yan that in order to consolidate political power and complete the great task of annexing Soochow and unifying China, we must first strengthen the cohesion of the ruling group itself, and to achieve this goal, we must adopt the policy of appeasement. Therefore, in the first year of his reign, Sima Yan ordered Wei Di, now Chen Liuwang, to carry the banner of Wei Di to find Wei Zhengshuo. The ritual and music system of worshipping heaven and earth in the suburbs is as old as Wei, and it is obedient. At the same time, the son of An Le Gong was given the surname of Xu, and he returned to the field in the second year. This not only eased the troubles of the imperial court-especially eliminated the psychological fear of Cao Shijia, who had become the object of Sima family rule-but also settled the hearts of the people of Shu and Han, thus winning the favor of the people of Wu and gaining the initiative to annex Soochow.
In order to get the country out of the turbulent environment as soon as possible and lay a solid foundation for reunification, the policy of doing nothing and relaxing moderately became the founding spirit at the beginning of the Western Jin Dynasty. This spirit of founding the country is fully reflected in all fields of the country. In 268 AD, Sima Yan's imperial edict clearly pointed out: "In order to maintain my great prosperity forever, the law of inaction is now the core of commanding all countries." In those days, five imperial edicts were issued to the county: first, honesty and integrity, second, diligence for the people, third, taking care of the widowed, fourth, paying off the principal and interest, and fifth, removing personnel. At that time, Cao Cao, the founder of the Cao Wei Dynasty, followed the turbulent politics of the Eastern Han Dynasty. In order to calm people's hearts and restore national strength, he once implemented a relatively loose, open, frugal and pragmatic strategy of governing the country. But by Cao Pi, politics became more and more fierce, social atmosphere was corrupt, and Cao Cao's demeanor no longer existed. In order to satisfy his own selfish desires, the emperor often constantly passed on the powerful material burden to the people. The long-term war made the people feel a sense of fear and fatigue in addition to their bleak livelihood. In this case, Sima Yan did the opposite and put forward the strategy of strengthening the country by doing nothing.
[Edit this paragraph] Historical contribution
Destroy Wu Dong and unify the whole country.
At the beginning of the establishment of the Western Jin Dynasty, in order to buy people's hearts, Emperor Wudi made great contributions, and many large families were made princes. In just a few years, Emperor Wu of Jin sealed 57 kings and more than 500 princes. Shortly after the death of Shu Han, in order to stabilize the people's hearts of Bashu, Emperor Wu of Jin appointed a group of officials who served in Shu Han as court officials. Emperor Wu of Jin did not adopt the usual practice of "one courtier once every emperor", but adopted the method of wooing and buying people's hearts to stabilize officials at all levels to ensure a smooth social transition. Because Emperor Wu of Jin also saw that although Shu Han died, Soochow did not perish and the whole country was not unified. So he began to strategize and prepare to destroy Dongwu and end the national division.
As early as the tripartite confrontation, Wei's power had surpassed that of Shu and Wu. For example, in terms of population, Wei accounts for about 4/7 of the national population, and Shu and Wu together account for 3/7. In 263 AD, after Wei destroyed Shu, the tripartite confrontation between the three countries turned into a confrontation between the north and the south, and Wei became stronger. After Jin Wudi replaced Wei, he was ambitious and prepared to send troops to destroy Wu and unify the whole country.
The whole country in the Western Jin Dynasty was in a good situation, but the State of Wu was in decline. Sun Hao, the Lord of Wu, was dissolute and cruel, depriving Wu of the opportunity to rally. Sun Hao ordered the minister's daughter to go through his selection and enter the harem beautifully for him to enjoy, and the rest could talk about marriage, which made him lose the support of the ministers, self-destruct his future and finally become a loner. He Shao, the secretary of China who advised him, didn't get his praise. On the contrary, he brutally sawed off his tongue with a red-hot saw blade, which was as cruel as Shang Zhouwang. Sun Hao killed people in a cruel way, gouging out his eyes, peeling his face and cutting off his feet. Sun Hao's cruelty doomed his demise. Because of Sun Hao's cruelty, his generals also lost confidence in him and surrendered to the Western Jin Dynasty. Seeing that the national strength of Wu was weak and the political situation was unstable, the ministers of the Western Jin Dynasty also persuaded Wu to take the opportunity to destroy it.
However, the Emperor Wu of Jin was opposed by the conservatives headed by Jia Chong, a senior officer of Ethereum. They think that Wu has the natural barrier of the Yangtze River and is good at water warfare, so it is difficult for northerners to win. Moreover, in recent years, Xianbei has mobilized troops in the west to resist gold. At this time, it is "inappropriate" to fight Wu. Yang hu, Zhang Hua, Du Yu and others think that Sun Hao, the Emperor Wu, is extremely corrupt. He not only cruelly exploited and suppressed the broad masses of the people, but also excluded dissidents within the ruling group and used cruel punishments. Sun Wu is currently "centrifugal up and down". If he sends troops at this time, he will "win without fighting." If we miss the opportunity, it will be difficult for the people of Wu to "establish a stronger order" and make every effort to destroy Wu.
Two schools of opinion, tit for tat. In this way, an extremely serious problem is placed in front of Emperor Wu of Jin Dynasty: whether to send troops to destroy Wu and unify the whole country? Emperor Wu of song stood on the side of the hawk.
In order to complete the great cause of destroying Wu, Emperor Wu of Jin made full preparations strategically. As early as AD 269, he sent Yang Hucheng to stay in Jingzhou, a military town, to prepare for the destruction of Wu. After yang hu was in Jingzhou, he reduced taxes and stabilized people's hearts. Jingzhou is closest to Shicheng (now Zhongxiang County, Hubei Province). Jin Jun adopted the strategy of "winning with goodness" and was very kind to Wu Jun. Because of Sun Hao's profligacy, soldiers in the army often didn't get paid or even had enough to eat. Yang ordered people to send wine and meat to Wu Jun to disintegrate Wu Jun. In this way, Wu Jun came to surrender from time to time. Yang ordered Wu Jun to welcome him and sent him away. On one occasion, Deng Xiang of Wujiang River was caught by Jin Jun in Xiakou, and yang hu's men insisted on killing him. Yang hu not only didn't kill Deng, but also untied him personally and sent Deng back. Sometimes, the wounded beasts hunting in Wu County fled to the territory of Jin Jun, and Jin Jun also sent these beasts to Wu County's account. It is also because of this "strong" feeling that the hearts of Wu Dong generals are gradually inclined to 8 Jin J.
In Xiangyang, Emperor Wu of Jin ordered Yang Hucheng to control martial arts with benevolence, and at the same time trained the water army and built warships in Yizhou, the upper reaches of the Yangtze River. After 10 years of full preparation, in 279 AD, the Jin army began to launch a large-scale attack on China. In order to win quickly, 8 jin j divided into five roads on the north bank of the Yangtze River and joined forces with Wu Jun. On the sixth road, 8 jin j set out from Badong and Yizhou, and traveled eastward along the river, taking Jianye, the capital of Wu Jun, and 200,000 jin j took Wu Dong. Dongwu defenders nailed countless sharp iron cones more than ten feet long in Wuxia, and blocked the river with thick chains at the narrow part of the river. Jin Jun first discharged bamboo into the Yangtze River. The Jin army carried countless dozens of feet of fire mixed with sesame oil on board to light the torch. A raging fire may burn the chain. In this way, the defense facilities of the Yangtze River in Wu Dong were eliminated one by one.
When 8 jin j 6 attacked Wu Dong, in order to distract and attract Wu Jun who was guarding Jianye, General Anton Wang Hun led 8 jin j 1 route from north to south and took Jianye directly. Sun Hao quickly ordered Prime Minister Zhang Zan to command the main force to cross the river northward to meet Wang Hun. As a result, Jin Jun, who went down the river, took the opportunity to capture Jianye.
Due to the full preparation, proper timing and correct strategy of Emperor Wu of Jin Dynasty, it only took more than four months before and after, and all the victories in the war against Wu were achieved. Since then, all counties, prefectures and counties in Dongwu have been formally incorporated into the territory of Jin State.
In 280, the tripartite confrontation between the three countries ended completely. Sima Yan, Emperor Wu of Jin Dynasty, finally unified the whole country, ending the division that lasted for nearly a hundred years.
Develop economy, be healthy and prosperous
After the reunification of the country, the Western Jin Dynasty became politically stable, but due to the trauma of years of war, the lives of ordinary people were still very difficult. In particular, the royal family and powerful people have unlimited possession of land, which has aggravated the suffering of farmers. It is said that in Lantian County, southeast of Chang 'an, there is a very humble "general of miscellaneous brands" Pang Zong, who occupies hundreds of hectares of fertile land, not to mention other dignitaries. Farmers have no land, and rich and powerful clans use the occupied fields to exploit farmers at will. In the early years of the Western Jin Dynasty, Emperor Wu of Jin took solving the land problem as one of the important contents of developing the economy. To this end, he formulated a "family model" economic system.
There are three contents in the household system model, namely, farmland occupation system, household modulation system and farmland occupation system by production officials.
Land occupation system is a combination of land occupation system and tax system. During the period of Emperor Wu of Jin Dynasty, the population was divided into age groups: male and female 16 ~ 60 years old as the regular population; 13 to15 years old, followed by 6 1 65 years old; 12 young, 66 old. According to the farmland occupation system, Ding Nan occupies 70 mu of farmland, and Ding Nv occupies 30 mu of farmland. At the same time, it is stipulated that each male worker should pay 50 mu of national tax and 4 yuan; D women pay 20 mu tax; The second-born man pays 25 mu tax, and the second-born woman is tax-free.
This provision enables every farmer to legally occupy the land he deserves. Many tenants of wealthy families have also left their owners to acquire their own land. After the farmland occupation system was liberalized, many farmers reclaimed a large area of wasteland, which played a certain role in improving the agricultural economy.
Household transfer is a system of collecting household tax. Families, rich or poor, collect rent and taxes on a family basis. This system stipulates: "Ding Nanhu lost three pounds at the age of three; Women and men as families lose half. " Specific regulations have also been made on the household registration in border counties and ethnic minority areas: the household registration in border counties is equal to that in the mainland, with two-thirds of the tax paid nearby and one-third of the tax paid far away. Ethnic minorities, a horse near Naboo, a foot away from Naboo.
The system of goods officials occupying farmland for customers is a system to protect the economic privileges of aristocratic bureaucrats, and at the same time, it has the intention of setting a "quota" for the number of aristocratic bureaucrats occupying farmland and enslaving the population, so as to stop the unrestricted annexation of land and the concealment of household registration. This system stipulates: "its official product ranks first to ninth, each occupying its own land, and it is divided into high and low. The first product accounts for 50 hectares, the second product accounts for 45 hectares, and the third product accounts for 40 hectares ... Each product is lower and five hectares are less. " For asylum seekers, "there are three in grade six or above, two in grade seven or eight, and one in grade nine." "It should have tenants. There are no fifteen tenants in the first and second official estates, ten in the third, seven in the fourth, five in the fifth, three in the sixth, two in the seventh and one in the eighth and ninth." The tenants of black households are private, belong to their owners and no longer bear the burden of state corvee.
After the announcement of the imperial edict of household modulation, it was resisted by the rich. They either hide their fields and don't report them, or they object to farmers occupying cultivated land.
Although the family model of Emperor Wu of Jin was hindered by various obstacles, this system used administrative means to place a large number of floating idlers for land production to a certain extent, which played a positive role in stabilizing social order and promoting social and economic recovery and development.
Emperor Wu of Jin attached great importance to reclaiming farmland and building water conservancy projects. For example, more than 5,000 hectares of land were reclaimed in Jixian County, and the grain in the county soon became rich, and the new and old canals were renovated, which played a very important role in irrigation and transportation.
As a result of decades of war, the economy of the Central Plains has been severely damaged and the population has been greatly reduced. The population of wen county, the hometown of Emperor Wu of Jin Dynasty, is only a few tenths of the original population. Therefore, Emperor Wu of Jin decided to take some measures to increase the population of the Central Plains. He ordered that 17-year-old girls must get married, otherwise the government would look for her husband's family. After the destruction of Shu, Shu people were recruited into the Central Plains, and conscripts were provided with food rations for two years by the state, and were exempted from corvee for twenty years. After the destruction of Wu, it was also stipulated that the generals of Wu would be exempted from corvee 10 year, and the people of Baigong would be exempted from corvee for 20 years.
In 268 AD, Emperor Wu of Jin also set up a "Changcang" to sell cloth and silk at a proper price to buy food in good years; In famine years, grain is sold at appropriate prices to stabilize food prices and maintain people's normal lives. Emperor Wu of Jin ordered county officials to "tighten their belts" many times to crack down on speculation and hoarding.
Due to such a series of powerful economic measures taken by Emperor Wu of Jin Dynasty, agricultural production has increased year by year, the national tax revenue has been abundant year by year, and the population has increased year by year. Less than three years after Pingwu, the population of the whole country increased by10.3 million, and the scene of "prosperity of Taikang" appeared.
In the first year of Jin Taikang, that is, AD 280, the total population was 1, 6 1, 638633, and the number of households was 6.57, with a growth rate of-1.00%.
[Edit this paragraph] Emperor Wu's dereliction of duty.
Advocate the wind of luxury
Since the Cao era, the society at that time was gradually permeated with an atmosphere of luxury and corruption. Sima Yan played the leading role in the luxurious atmosphere. When Sima Yan was eating at his son-in-law Wang Ji's house, there was a dish called Suckling Pig, which was very delicious. Sima Yan asked Wang Ji how to cook this dish. Ji Wang secretly told him that suckling pigs are raised with human milk and cooked with human milk, so they are delicious. Sima Yan was very unhappy and felt that his son-in-law had surpassed himself. As a result, he left under an excuse before the party was over.
Shi Chong and Wang Kai are the most famous people who compete for wealth. Shi Chong was born in Nanpi, Bohai Sea (now Nanpi, Hebei Province). The official position was promoted to the deputy ambassador, and later became the secretariat of Jingzhou. He made a fortune by raiding past businessmen. Wang Kai is Sima Yan's brother-in-law and very rich. Shi Chong's house is gorgeous. It is covered with ribbons and decorated with jade. Wang Kai did not admit defeat, and made a curtain 40 miles long with purple silk to show off. Shi Chong made a curtain of fifty miles to compare with him.
Sima Yan often helped his son-in-law Wang Kai compete for wealth and gave him a two-foot coral tree, which is rare in the world. Wang Kai invited Shi Chong to see it, but Shi Chong smashed the coral with iron. Wang Kai was very upset, saying that Shi Chong was jealous of himself. Shi Chong said I'll give you the money right away, and then let all my people get the coral tree. There are six or seven trees three or four feet high, which is a disgrace to Wang Kai this time.
Later, when the two men became stiff, Shi Chong began to pretend to be ill and cheat Wang Kai: his ox cart ran as fast as a bird, only to find that he deliberately twisted the axle of the ox, which made the ox get stuck in pain. The purpose of fraud is to gain power, which shows how extravagant and boring the lives of these rich people were at that time. Later, Wang Kai knew Shi Chong's trick and did the same. The ox cart ran faster than Shi Chong. Shi Chong knew that someone had leaked the secret, so he killed it.
When Shi Chong invites guests to eat and drink, he often asks beautiful women to persuade him to drink. If the guest can't finish drinking, he will kill the beauty. On one occasion, Wang Dao and Wang Dun (Sima Yan's son-in-law) went to his house to eat and drink, Wang Dun drank endlessly, and Shi Chong even killed three people. Wang Dao, who has been trying his best to drink, complains that Wang Dun is unreasonable, but Wang Dun says that Shi Chong killed one of his own, so don't worry.
In order to show their wealth, even the toilets in Shichong are beautifully decorated, which is better than the regular dormitory. Some ministers visited his house, but when they went to the toilet, they saw several maids inside. The room was luxuriously decorated with silks and satins. He thought it was breaking into people's boudoir and hurried out to give Shi Chong a present. Shi Chong said with a smile, that's the toilet, don't panic.
It is also reasonable to sell official fat for personal gain.
Ministers saw that Sima Yan had become fatuous and dissolute, so they looked for opportunities to protest. On one occasion, Sima Yan and others went to the outskirts of Luoyang to offer sacrifices. Later, he proudly asked Liu Yi, a captain of Li Si (then an inspector in Beijing): "Which emperor do you think I can compare with in the Han Dynasty?" Sima Yan thought he would definitely talk about famous emperors, such as high-impedance Liu Bang, Liu Che and Guangwu Emperor Liu Xiu. I didn't expect Liu to say later that he could only be compared with Emperor Huan and Emperor Ling. Sima Yan was very unhappy, because the two Dynasties were the most chaotic period in the Eastern Han Dynasty. Sima Yan unwillingly asked, "How can I be like them?" Liu Yi said bluntly: "When Emperor Huan was in power, officials also sold them, but Emperor Huan had all the money put into the state treasury. Your majesty, all the money you got from selling officials is now in your own pocket. " Sima Yan couldn't refute it, so he had to find a step for himself and said, "Ai Qing is absolutely right, but I didn't have such an outspoken minister when I was in Emperor Huan, but I did, which shows that I am still better than them."
[Edit this paragraph] Emperor Wu's internal affairs
Dafeng imperial clan
Si Yan, in view of the decline and weakness of the Wei imperial clan, learned that the royal family was a vassal to fight against the cremation. At first, the king was not appointed to the country, and officials were assisted by the royal family in the capital. Then, the kings were sent to the countryside to supervise the army, and then to key places in the town. The purpose of this move is to crack down on the careerists among the gentry. However, the "Eight Kings Rebellion" proved that this policy made many careerists stand out among princes.
The reason why the Western Jin Dynasty occupies an important position in the imperial clan is actually related to its political power structure. Jin is ruled by the aristocratic family headed by Sima, the royal family is superior to other families, and the emperor is the representative of the first family. Its family members are qualified and necessary to gain more power in order to maintain their dominant position.
Bazhou county soldier
After the reunification of the whole country, Sima Yan issued a decree: "Knowing soldiers to the county, there are hundreds of officials in the big county, and 50 officials in the small county", that is, it is stipulated (1) that those who have nothing to do in each state should stop their soldiers.
(2) The secretariat only serves as a supervisor and is called a general. It does not lead troops, nor is it a captain officer with troops.
(3) The army and the people are divided into two parts, with the commander-in-chief and a captain in charge of the army and the secretariat of Taisong to govern the people.
On the one hand, the strike of state and county soldiers can let local officials concentrate on civil affairs, on the other hand, it can expand the number of students who undertake voluntary labor. Military service is the heaviest burden for farmers after the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty. Resuming production is of great significance to get rid of this burden. However, as the soldiers went to the county, it was impossible to maintain public order. So by 30 1 year, when the world was in chaos, they could no longer control the situation.
Jun Chen Saif
The royal family and nobles in the Western Jin Dynasty had a rich economic foundation, and political stability and unity helped them accumulate a lot of wealth, so they indulged themselves and lived a luxurious life. Emperor Wu of Jin took the lead in setting an example and was extravagant. The book Hu Guimian in the Jin Dynasty said: "There were many pets, and after the State of Wu was razed, the number of people in the Sun Hao Palace of the King of Wu recovered to thousands. From then on, there were thousands of people in the imperial court, and many people kept pets together. The emperor didn't know what to do. He often rides a sheep cart and does whatever he wants until he feasts and sleeps. " As far as the founding emperor in the history of China is concerned, no one is so lazy and indulgent that the villain is in power, extravagant and wasteful, and the atmosphere is getting worse and worse. Your travel is also accompanied by the competition for wealth and luxury. The minister used to spend 10 thousand yuan on meals every day, but he still had nowhere to go. Son He Shao has to eat in all directions, and the daily food cost is 20,000 yuan. Wang Kai, the mother uncle of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, once competed with Shi Chong, the richest man at that time, to show off his wealth and strive for glory. In order to maintain this extravagant and corrupt life, it is necessary to step up the collection, so corruption and bribery are used to it. At that time, it was pointed out that "extravagance costs more than natural disasters", which shows its great harm.