All the information about continents and oceans.

1, Asia

2. Africa

3. Europe

4. South America} from big to small

5. North America

6. Oceania

7. Antarctica

Four oceans:

1, Pacific Ocean

2, the Atlantic Ocean} from big to small

3. Indian Ocean

4. Arctic Ocean

Asia

general situation

Asia, Asia for short.

Location: Located in the northeast of the old hemisphere, it borders the Pacific Ocean, the Arctic Ocean and the Indian Ocean on the east, north and south, and the Mediterranean Sea and the Black Sea on the west.

Area: 44 million square kilometers (including nearby islands), accounting for 29.4% of the world's total land area, making it the largest continent in the world. The Asian continent is connected with the European continent, collectively known as Eurasia, with a total area of 507 1000 square kilometers, and the Asian continent accounts for about 4/5.

Scope: East of the mainland to Yezhnev point (west longitude169 40', north latitude 60 05', south to Piai point (east longitude103 30', north latitude1kloc-0/7', west to Baba point (east longitude) The Urals, ural river, Caspian Sea, Caucasus, Bosphorus and Da Daniil Strait are bordered by Europe in the northwest, the Suez Canal and the Red Sea are bordered by Africa in the southwest, and a series of islands close to Oceania surround the mainland in the southeast, and North America faces each other across the Bering Strait in the northeast.

resident

The population is 35 1.3 billion, accounting for 60.5% of the world's total population. China has the largest population, with Indian, Indonesian, Japanese, Bangladeshi and Pakistani populations exceeding 1 100 million. The most densely populated areas are eastern China, Japanese Pacific coast, Java Island and Ganges River basin.

Race: Yellow people account for more than 3/5 of the population of the whole continent. Followed by whites, blacks are rare.

Language: Asian languages belong to Sino-Tibetan, South Asian, Altai, Korean, Japanese and Indo-European languages.

natural environment

The mainland coastline is 69,900 kilometers long. Many peninsulas and islands. The total area of the peninsula is about100000 square kilometers, which is the largest continent in the world, and the Arabian Peninsula is the largest peninsula in the world. The total area of the island is about 2.7 million square kilometers, ranking second in the world after North America. Kalimantan island is the third largest island in the world.

Topography: The general characteristics of Asia's topography are high terrain, large surface undulation, high in the middle, low in the periphery, alternating with uplift and depression, and a long colorful island arc in the east. With an average elevation of about 950 meters, it is the highest continent in the world except Antarctica. Volcanoes and earthquakes: Asia is the continent with the largest number of volcanoes in the world, and the islands around the eastern edge are the main components of the volcanic belt on the west coast of the Pacific Ocean. From Java Island and Sumatra Island to the north via Nicobar Islands, andaman islands, North Deccan Plateau and North Iranian Plateau to Asia Minor Peninsula, it is a part of the volcanic belt along the Atlantic-Mediterranean-Indian Ocean coast. Asia is also one of the continents with frequent and strong earthquakes.

Water system: There are many big rivers in Asia, most of which originate from the central mountains and radiate in all directions. Rivers flowing into the Pacific Ocean include Heilongjiang, Yellow River, Yangtze River, Pearl River and Mekong River. The Indus, Ganges, salween, Irrawaddy, Tigris and Euphrates rivers flow into the Indian Ocean. Ob river, Yenisei River and Lena River flow into the Arctic Ocean. Inland rivers are mainly distributed in the arid areas of Central Asia and West Asia, including the Syr Darya River and Amu Darya River, and the climate across the cold, warm and hot areas of the Asian continent. The main features of climate are complex and diverse climate types, typical monsoon climate and obvious continental nature. The southeast half of East Asia is a humid temperate and subtropical monsoon region, Southeast Asia and South Asia are a humid tropical monsoon region, and Central Asia, West Asia and the inland of East Asia are arid regions. It is between the above-mentioned humid monsoon region and inland arid region, while most parts of North Asia are semi-humid and semi-arid regions.

Africa

general situation

Africa, Africa for short.

Location: Located in the southwest of the old hemisphere, it spans the north and south of the equator, and some parts of the northwest extend to the western hemisphere. It borders the Indian Ocean in the east, the Atlantic Ocean in the west, Europe across the Mediterranean Sea and the Strait of Gibraltar in the north, and Asia in the northeast corner with the narrow Red Sea and Suez Canal.

Scope: the mainland reaches Cape Hafeng (5124' e,10 27' n) in the east, Cape Agus (20 02' E, 34 51's) in the south and Cape Verde (17) in the west.

Area: about 30.2 million square kilometers (including nearby islands). It accounts for about 20.2% of the world's total land area, and is the second largest continent in the world after Asia.

Geographical area: At present, there are 56 countries and regions in Africa. Geographically, Africa is traditionally divided into five regions: North Africa, East Africa, West Africa, Central Africa and South Africa.

resident

The population is 748 million. It accounts for 12.9% of the world population, ranking second in the world after Asia. Africa's birth rate, mortality rate and growth rate are among the highest in the world. The population distribution is extremely unbalanced, with about 65,438+0,000 people per square kilometer along the Nile and the Delta.

Race: Africa is the most complex region in the world. Most ethnic groups in Africa belong to black people, and the rest belong to white people and yellow people.

Language: There are about 800 African languages. Generally divided into four language families.

Religion: African residents mostly believe in primitive religion and Islam, while a few believe in Catholicism and Christianity.

natural environment

The coastline of the mainland is as long as 30500 kilometers. The coast is relatively flat and lacks bays and peninsulas.

Islands: Africa is the continent with the least islands in the world. Most of them are small islands except Madagascar (the fourth largest island in the world). The total area of the island is about 620,000 square kilometers, accounting for less than 3% of the total area of the whole continent.

Terrain: The African continent is wide in the north and narrow in the south, showing an equilateral triangle. The longest from north to south is about 8,000 kilometers, and the widest from east to west is about 7,500 kilometers. Africa is a plateau continent with relatively flat terrain, and the obvious mountains are limited to the north and south ends. The average elevation of the whole continent is 750 meters. The plateau with an altitude of 500 1 000 meters accounts for more than 60% of the whole continent. Mountains and plateaus above 2000 meters above sea level account for about 5% of the whole continent. The plains below 200 meters above sea level are mostly distributed in coastal areas. The terrain is roughly bounded by the line from the mouth of Congo River in Democratic Republic of Congo to the northern edge of Ethiopian Plateau, which is higher in the southeast half and lower in the northwest half. The southeast half is called High Africa, with an altitude of 1000 meters above sea level, including the Ethiopian Plateau (more than 2000 meters above sea level, known as the "roof of Africa"), the East African Plateau and the South African Plateau, and the Kalahadi Basin on the South African Plateau. The northwest half is called low Africa, and the altitude is mostly below 500 meters. Most of them are low plateaus and basins, including the upper Nile basin, Congo basin and Chad basin. The higher mountains in Africa stand in the coastal areas of the plateau, with Atlas Mountain in the northwest coast. There are Draken Mountains along the southeast coast; There are Mount Kenya and Mount Kilimanjaro in the east. Kilimanjaro is an active volcano with an altitude of 5895 meters, which is the highest peak in Africa. East Africa has the largest rift zone in the world. The eastern branch of the rift zone starts from the Schiller estuary in the south, passes through Lake Malawi, passes through the Central East African Plateau and the Central Ethiopia Plateau in the north, and passes through the Red Sea to the north of the Dead Sea, with a length of about 6,400 kilometers. The west branch of the rift zone starts from the northwest end of Lake Malawi in the south, passes through Lake Tanganyika, Lake Kivu, Lake Edward and Lake Albert, and reaches the Nile Valley in Albert. It is about 1 700 km long, and the rift zone is generally as deep as 1 1,000? 000 meters, tens of kilometers to 300 kilometers wide, forming a series of narrow and deep valleys and lakes, among which the elevation of Assal Lake is 156 meters, which is the lowest point in Africa.

Desert: Africa's desert area accounts for about 1/3 of the whole continent, which is the largest desert area on the continent. Sahara Desert is the largest desert in the world, covering an area of 7.77 million square kilometers. There are also namib desert and Kalahadi Desert in the southwest.

Volcanoes and earthquakes: There are a series of extinct and active volcanoes in and around the Great Rift Valley in East Africa, among which the tall volcano is over 5000 meters above sea level. There are also many tall volcanoes in central and western Africa. The Rift Valley in East Africa is also the region with the most frequent and intense earthquakes in Africa.

Water system: the outflow area of Africa accounts for about 68.2% of the whole continent. The outflow systems of the Atlantic Ocean are mostly rivers with a long history, including Nile, Congo, Niger, senegal river, volta river and Orange. With a total length of 6,676,5438+0 km, the Nile is the longest river in the world. The basin area and flow of Congo River are second only to Amazon River, ranking second in the world. The outflow system of Indian Ocean includes Zambezi River, limpopo river River, Juba River, short rivers on the east coast of Africa and rivers on Madagascar Island. Africa's internal water system and no-flow zone covers an area of 9.58 million square kilometers, accounting for about 3 1.8% of the total area of the whole continent. Among them, only Lake Chad basin has a perfect water system. Okavango River basin and Sahara desert are very dry, and there are many intermittent rivers and many dry valleys in the desert. The inflow area also includes the lake area of the Great Rift Valley in East Africa, and rivers flow into the lake from the surrounding highlands. The lake area has abundant rainfall and dense river network, which is different from other arid inflow areas. African lakes are concentrated in the East African Plateau, and a few are scattered in inland basins. Plateau lakes are mostly fault lakes with long and narrow water depth, which are arranged in the Great Rift Valley of East Africa in a beaded shape, among which Lake Victoria is the largest lake in Africa and the second largest freshwater lake in the world. Lake Tanganyika is the second deepest lake in the world. Lake Tana, located in the Ethiopian Plateau, is the highest lake in Africa, with an altitude of 1, 830 meters. Lake Chad is the largest lake in the inland basin, and its area often changes. Climate: Africa is called "tropical continent". Its climate is characterized by high temperature, little rain and dryness, and the distribution of climatic zones is symmetrical from north to south. The equator passes through the center, and with the increase of latitude, the climate generally decreases from the equator. The areas with an annual average temperature above 20℃ account for about 95% of the whole continent, of which more than half are hot all year round, and nearly half have warm and cool seasons. The annual average temperature in Daluoer in the northeast of Ethiopia is 34.5℃, which is one of the highest temperatures in the world. In Aziziye, south of Tripoli, the Libyan capital, the temperature in September 1922 was as high as 57.8℃, the highest temperature in Africa. Kilimanjaro is located near the equator. Due to its high altitude, Kilimanjaro is covered with snow all year round.

The precipitation in Africa decreases from the equator to the north and south sides, and the distribution of precipitation is extremely uneven. In some areas, there is almost no rain all year round, and in some places, the annual precipitation is as high as 10000mm or more. The average annual precipitation in the whole continent13 is less than 200mm. There is more precipitation on the windward slope in the southeast, along the coast of the Gulf of Guinea and in mountainous areas.

Europe

general situation

Europe for short.

Location: located in the northwest of the old hemisphere and western Asia. It is bordered by the Arctic Ocean in the north, the Atlantic Ocean in the west, Africa across the Mediterranean Sea in the south, the Urals Mountains, ural river, the Great Caucasus Mountains, the Bosporus Strait and the Da Daniil Strait in the east, and North America across the Greenland Sea and the Danish Strait in the northwest.

Scope: the Ural Mountains (6610 ′ e, 67 46 ′ n) in the east of the mainland, Maro Singularity (5 36 ′ w, 36 00 ′ n) in the south, and Rocca Point (9 31′ w, 38 48 ′ n) in the west.

Area: 65,438+0,065,438+0.6 million square kilometers, accounting for about 6.8% of the world's total land area, only bigger than Oceania, making it the sixth continent in the world. Geographical area: There are 44 countries and regions in Europe. Geographically, it is customarily divided into five regions: southern Europe, western Europe, central Europe, northern Europe and eastern Europe. Southern Europe refers to the Balkan Peninsula, Apennine Peninsula, Iberian Peninsula and the nearby islands south of the Alps, including Yugoslavia, Croatia, Slovenia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Macedonia, Romania, Bulgaria, Albania, Greece, Italy, Vatican, San Marino, Malta, Spain, Portugal and Andorra. In a narrow sense, Western Europe refers to the islands near the Atlantic Ocean and Western Europe, including Britain, Ireland, the Netherlands, Belgium, Luxembourg, France and Monaco. Central Europe refers to central Europe, south of the Baltic Sea and north of the Alps. Include Poland, Czech Republic, Slovakia, Hungary, Germany, Austria, Switzerland and Liechtenstein. Northern Europe refers to jutland and Scandinavia in Northern Europe. Include Iceland, Faroe Islands (Denmark), Denmark, Norway, Sweden and Finland. Eastern Europe refers to eastern Europe, and geographically refers to Estonia.

Latvia, Lithuania, Belarus, Ukraine, Moldova and western Russia. With a population of 728 million, accounting for 12.5% of the world's total population, it is the continent with the highest population density. The population distribution is relatively uniform. The population density of most countries is 50 people per square kilometer, only Northern Europe is sparse.

Ethnic Composition: Most residents in Europe are white (Europa), and the ethnic composition of all continents is relatively simple. There are about 70 ethnic groups in the whole continent, most of which have reached a certain number, and small ethnic groups and tribes are relatively rare. The ethnic composition of most countries is also relatively simple. Countries with complex ethnic composition include Russia and Switzerland.

Language: There are many languages in Europe. The main languages are English, Russian, French, German, Italian and Spanish.

Religion: Most residents believe in Catholicism and Christianity.

natural environment

With a coastline of 379 million kilometers, the mainland is the most tortuous continent in the world. Many peninsulas, islands and ports. The total area of peninsulas and islands accounts for about 1/3 of the whole continent (including peninsulas with an area of about 2.4 million square kilometers, accounting for about 24% of the whole continent; The island covers an area of about 750,000 square kilometers, accounting for about 7% of the total area of the whole continent). In addition, there are many inland seas and bays that go deep into the mainland.

Topography: The general feature of Europe's topography is mainly plains, with widespread glacial landforms. Mountains meet in the south. Plateau, hills and mountains above 200 meters above sea level account for about 40% of the whole continent, including 500 meters above sea level. Only 15% is above sea level 1000 meters, and only about 2% is above sea level 2000 meters. The plains below 200 meters above sea level account for about 60% of the whole continent. The average elevation of the whole continent is 300 meters, the lowest. The European plain stretches for thousands of miles from the Atlantic coast in the west to the Urals in the east, forming a great plain across Europe. The Alps across the south are the largest mountains in Europe. Mount Elbrus, the main peak in the southeast of the Great Caucasus Mountains, is 5642 meters above sea level, which is the highest peak in Europe. Scandinavian mountains in northern Europe are relatively flat, with deep inland coasts and steep fjords on both sides. The lowlands along the northern coast of the Caspian Sea are 28 meters below sea level, which is the lowest point of the whole continent.

Climate: The climate in most parts of Europe is mild and humid. The north-south latitude of the mainland is 35 degrees, including the affiliated islands, only 47 degrees. Except for the northern coast and the islands in the Arctic Ocean, which belong to the cold zone, the coastal areas in southern Europe belong to the subtropical zone, and almost all of them are in the temperate zone. It is the continent with the widest distribution area of temperate maritime climate in the world. Western Europe is less than 700 kilometers away from the ocean, while the farthest place in the east can reach 1600 kilometers, so Europe has a transition from maritime climate to continental climate from west to east. Because of the vast plain, the humid westerly wind blowing from the vast Atlantic Ocean can penetrate inland unimpeded, and the humid air regulates the temperature, and the North Atlantic warm current warms the coastal areas of western Europe and northern Europe. The vastest area of Leng Yue is in 0? 16℃; The average temperature in the hottest month is mostly 8? Between 4℃. Due to the distance from the Atlantic Ocean and the prevailing wind direction, rainfall and rainfall distribution are also different. The average annual precipitation on the windward slope near the Atlantic Ocean is over 65,438+0,000mm, and the average annual precipitation on the vast low mountains, hills, plateaus and plains is 500? 000 mm, the southern part of the three major peninsulas in southern Europe belongs to the subtropical Mediterranean winter precipitation area, and the winter precipitation accounts for about 30? 0%。 Water system: The river network in Europe is dense, short and rich, and many rivers are connected by canals. The outflow area accounts for about 80.5%, of which the river basin area flowing into the Atlantic Ocean (including the Mediterranean Sea, the Black Sea and the Baltic Sea) accounts for about 68% of the whole continent; About 12.5% flows into the Arctic Ocean; The inflow area accounts for about 19.5%, and most of it flows into the Caspian Sea. The main rivers are Volga, Danube, ural river, Dnieper, Don, Rhine, Rhone and Thames. The largest waterfall in Europe is Olmery Waterfall in Norway, with a drop of 563 meters. There are many lakes in Europe, which is a continent with many small lakes, but the distribution is very uneven, mainly in the north and Alps. Most lakes in Europe are formed by glaciation. There are many large moraine lakes and tectonic lakes in the foothills of Alps, and most mountain rivers flow through them.

general situation

The name is North America.

Interpretation of some geomorphological names in northern Asia and America: America and South America. The full name is Amelia, the place where the Italian explorer Amerigo explored.

Country: There are 23 independent countries and more than a dozen regions.

Population: 462 million.

Ethnic composition: Most of the residents are descendants of European immigrants, among which Anglo-Saxons are the most.

Language: Common English and Spanish, followed by French, Dutch and Hindi.

Religion: The main beliefs are Christianity and Catholicism.

Location: Located in the northern part of the western hemisphere. It faces the Atlantic Ocean in the east, the Pacific Ocean in the west, the Arctic Ocean in the north, the Panama Canal in the south and South America in the south. (19 14 year division)

Scope: Cape St. Charles (55 40 ′ W, 5213 ′ N) in the east of the mainland, Cape Mariato (8105 ′ W, 712 ′ N) in the south, and Cape Prince of Wales (/kloc-0) in the west. North America includes not only America to the north of Panama Canal, but also the West Indies in the Caribbean.

Area: 24.228 million square kilometers (including nearby islands), accounting for about 16.2% of the world's total land area, making it the third continent in the world.

The geographical region is divided into nine regions: the eastern region (the region east of the Appalachian Mountains in Labrador Plateau), the central region (between the Appalachian Mountains and the Rocky Mountains in Labrador Plateau), the western region (the northern Cordillera Mountains in America, with the Rocky Mountains as the skeleton of this region), Alaska, the Canadian Arctic Islands, Greenland, Mexico, Central America and the West Indies.

North America includes countries: Bahamas Belize USA Barbados Canada Costa Rica Cuba El Salvador Grenada Guatemala Honduras Haiti Jamaica Saint Lucia Mexico Nicaragua Panama Dominica Saint Vincent and the Grenadines Trinidad and Tobago Antigua and Barbuda Saint Kitts and Nevis Puerto Rico Netherlands Antilles (the largest continent resident in the world).

The population is 462 million, accounting for 8% of the world's total population. The population distribution of the whole continent is very uneven, and the vast majority of the population is distributed in the southeast, with the highest population density near new york and around Lake Erie, with more than 200 people per square kilometer; The vast northern and inland areas of the western United States are sparsely populated, with less than 1 person per square kilometer.

Ethnic composition: most of the residents are descendants of European immigrants, of which Anglo-Saxons are the most; Followed by Indians, blacks and hybrids. In addition, there are Inuit, Puerto Ricans, Jews, Japanese and China people. The languages are English and Spanish, followed by French, Dutch and Hindi.

Religion: The residents mainly believe in Christianity and Catholicism.

natural environment

The coastline of the mainland is about 60 thousand kilometers long. In the northwest section, the northern and eastern coasts are tortuous, and there are many islands and fjords; The southern half of the coast is relatively flat.

The peninsula and island peninsula have a total area of about 265,438+10,000 square kilometers. The total area of the island is about 4 million square kilometers, ranking first in all continents. Greenland is the largest island in the world.

Terrain below 200 meters above sea level accounts for about 20%, plains and hills above 200-500 meters above sea level account for about 22%, plateaus and mountains above 500 meters above sea level account for about 58%, and the average elevation of the whole continent is 700 meters. The basic feature of continental topography is that the north-south mountains are distributed on the east and west sides parallel to the coast, and the great plains are distributed in the middle. The terrain is clearly divided into three areas. Mountains and plateaus in the east: Labrador Plateau in the north of the St. Lawrence River and Appalachian Mountains in the south. The terrain is high in the south and low in the north, and the altitude is generally 300-500 meters. There is a long and narrow coastal plain along the Atlantic Ocean on the east side of the Appalachian Mountains, and the west side gradually descends to meet the central plain. Central Plain: Located between Labrador Plateau, Appalachian Mountains and Rocky Mountains, it starts from Hudson Bay in the north and reaches the Gulf of Mexico in the south, and runs through the central part of the mainland. There are many lakes and rapids in the northern half of the plain, and the Mississippi River plain in the southern half. The western plain is a world-famous great plain. Western mountains and plateaus: It belongs to the northern section of Cordillera Mountains, extending from Alaska to southern Mexico, and mainly includes three parallel mountains. The Rocky Mountains in the east are more than 2,000-3,000 meters above sea level and extend 5,000 kilometers from north to south, which is an important dividing line of North America's climate. The western belt starts from the American coastal mountains in the south and flows into the sea in the north, forming a coastal island in western Canada, with an altitude of1000-500m. The central zone includes alaska range in the north, Canadian coastal mountains, Sierra Nevada and Cascade Mountains in the United States. Mount McKinley in Alaska is 6 194 meters above sea level, which is the highest peak in North America. There are plateaus and basins between the eastern belt and the central belt. The elevation of the bottom of great basin is 1 300-800 meters, and the elevation of the dead valley in the south of the basin is 86 meters, which is the lowest land point in the western hemisphere.

Volcanoes and Earthquakes The west coast of North America is part of the volcanic belt along the Pacific coast. There are more than 90 active volcanoes in North America, including 28 in Aleutian Islands, 20 in Alaska and more than 40 in Central America. The western part of North America is also a region with frequent and strong earthquakes in the world.

The drainage area of North America accounts for about 88% of the whole continent, of which 48% belongs to the Atlantic basin and 20% belongs to the Pacific basin. Except the St. Lawrence River, all major rivers originate in the Rocky Mountains. Rivers to the east of the Rocky Mountains flow into the Atlantic Ocean and the Arctic Ocean respectively, and rivers to the west flow into the Pacific Ocean. Inflow areas (including non-inflow areas) account for about 12% of the whole continent, mainly distributed in great basin and Greenland in the western United States. Mississippi River is the largest river in North America and the fourth largest river in the world. Followed by Mackenzie River, yukon river River, St Lawrence River and Rio Grande. There are many waterfalls on rivers in North America. The waterfall with the biggest drop is the yosemite falls in Yosemite National Park in the western United States, with a drop of 700 meters. Niagara Falls, with a drop of 5 1m and a width of1.240m.. North America is a continent with many lakes, and the total area of freshwater lakes is about 400,000 square kilometers, ranking first among all continents. Lakes are mainly distributed in the northern half of the mainland. The Great Lakes in the Central Plateau: Lake Superior, Lake Huron, Lake Michigan, Lake Erie and Lake Ontario, with a total area of 245,273 square kilometers, are the largest freshwater lakes in the world and are known as the "Mediterranean of North America". Among them, Lake Superior is the largest freshwater lake in the world.

Climate North America spans tropical, temperate and frigid zones, and the climate is complex and diverse. It is dominated by temperate continental climate. The north is in the Arctic Circle, which is a world of ice and snow. The southern Caribbean benefited from the equatorial warm current, but was hit by tropical hurricanes. The vast area in the middle of the mainland is located in the north temperate zone. Because all the mountains are north-south or close to north-south, the humid air from the Pacific Ocean only reaches the western coastal areas; Cold air from the Arctic Ocean can cross the central plain to the south; The humid air blown from the tropical Atlantic can also penetrate deep into the north through the central plain, so the climate in North America is very unstable, sometimes cold and sometimes thawed in winter, while in the subtropical areas along the Gulf of Mexico, it will be cold and snowy in winter. The average temperature in Leng Yue (65438+ 10) in North America is below 0℃, accounting for about 3/4 of the whole continent. The whole Arctic Islands (collectively referred to as many islands north of North America and west of Greenland) and most parts of Greenland are below -32℃, and the central part of Greenland is as low as -50℃, which is a cold polar region in the western hemisphere. In summer, the whole continent is generally warming, and the average temperature in the hottest month (July, mostly August along the coast) is 0~3℃, which is the coolest area in the northern hemisphere in summer. The rest of the vast areas are between 0 and 32℃, of which the area above 20℃ accounts for more than half of the whole continent, and the area above 30℃ is small. Death Valley in the southwestern United States, with an extreme maximum temperature of 56.7℃, is the hottest area in the whole continent. There is more precipitation in eastern North America. The annual precipitation in the Pacific coast of Canada and Greenland, the eastern United States, Canada and Alaska is about 500~300 mm; The Pacific coast of Canada and Alaska is more than 2000 mm high, which is the most rainy area in North America. The annual precipitation in the Florida Peninsula, the eastern foothills of the Rocky Mountains, the Great Plains and the Yukon Plateau is 250~ 100 mm; The Caribbean belongs to the tropical rainforest climate, with high temperature and rainy all year round. The areas with the least precipitation are the southwest of great basin, the lower reaches of the Colorado River and the northern parts of the Arctic Islands and Greenland. The average annual precipitation is less than 65,438+000 mm. Every May, southeast North America is often hit by hurricanes, which often causes serious disasters. Cold, strong storms and tornadoes often blow in winter in central and northern North America. After crossing the Rocky Mountains, the westerly wind forms Chinnock Foehn at the eastern foot.

Asia: With an area of 44 million square kilometers, accounting for 29.4% of the world's total land area, it is the largest continent in the world. * * * There are 40 countries and regions. The population is 3.229 billion, accounting for about 60% of the world's total population, ranking first in the world.

Africa: With an area of about 30 million square kilometers, accounting for 20.2% of the world's total land area, it is the second largest continent in the world. * * * There are 56 countries and regions. The population is 662 million, accounting for 12.3% of the world's total population, ranking third in the world.

North America: covering an area of about 24 million square kilometers, accounting for 16.2% of the world's total land area, it is the third continent in the world. * * * There are 37 countries and regions. The population is 432 million, accounting for 8. 1% of the world's total population, ranking fourth in the world.

South America: It covers an area of about 6,543,800 square kilometers, accounting for 654.38+02% of the world's total land area, making it the fourth continent in the world. * * * There are 13 countries and regions. The population is 302 million, accounting for 5.6% of the total population in the world, ranking fifth in the world.

Antarctica: With an area of 6.5438+0.4 million square kilometers, accounting for 9.4% of the total land area of the world, it is the fifth continent in the world. There are only some researchers and whaling teams from other continents in Antarctica, and there are no settled residents.

Europe: The area is about 6.5438+million square kilometers, accounting for 6.8% of the total land area of the world, only bigger than Oceania, and it is the sixth continent in the world. * * * There are 37 countries and regions. With a population of 723 million, accounting for 13.4% of the world's total population, it ranks second in the world and is the continent with the highest population density.

Oceania: With an area of about 9 million square kilometers, accounting for about 6% of the total land area of the world, it is the smallest continent in the world. * * * There are 24 countries and regions. With a population of 27 million, accounting for about 0.5% of the world's total population, it is the least populated continent in the world except Antarctica.

Pacific Ocean

The Pacific Ocean is the ocean with the widest area, the deepest depth and the most marginal seas and islands in the world. According to more data, it was first discovered and named by Spanish explorer Pascal, and the word "Taiping" means "peace". /kloc-in the 6th century, Spanish navigator Magellan entered the Pacific Ocean from the Atlantic Ocean via strait of magellan and arrived in the Philippines. During his voyage, the weather was clear and calm, so he named this sea area "Pacific Ocean" in unison. The Pacific Ocean lies between Asia, Oceania, America and Antarctica. The Bering Strait at the northern end is connected with the Arctic Ocean, south to Antarctica, and connected with the Atlantic Ocean and the Indian Ocean to enter the waters around the Antarctic continent. The maximum length of the Pacific Ocean from north to south is about 15900 km, and the maximum width from east to west is about 109900 km. The total area is 6.5438+0.7868 million square kilometers, accounting for one third of the earth's surface area and half of the world's ocean area. The average depth is 3957m, and the maximum depth is11034m. There are 6 trenches over 10,000 meters in the world, all of which are concentrated in the Pacific Ocean. The seawater capacity of the Pacific Ocean is 70765438+ million cubic kilometers, ranking first in the world. The Pacific Ocean is rich in resources, especially fishery, aquatic products and mineral resources. Its catch, reserves and grade of polymetallic nodules rank first in the world's oceans.

the Atlantic

The Atlantic Ocean is the second largest ocean in the world. It is located between North and South America, Europe, Africa and Antarctica, and it is an S-shaped ocean belt running north and south. It is about1.5000 km long from north to south and narrow from east to west, with a maximum width of 2800 km. The total area is about 9 1.66 million square kilometers, slightly more than half of the Pacific Ocean. The average depth is 3626 meters, and the deepest point is 92 19 meters, which is located in the Puerto Rico trench. Marine resources are abundant, rich in fish, and the catch accounts for about one-fifth of the world. Shipping in the Atlantic is particularly developed. East and west communicate with the Indian Ocean and the Pacific Ocean through Suez Canal and Panama Canal respectively, and their freight volume accounts for more than two-thirds of the world's total freight volume.

the Indian Ocean

The Indian Ocean is the third ocean in the world. Located between Asia, Oceania, Africa and Antarctica. It covers an area of about 76 1.7 million square kilometers, with an average depth of 3,397 meters and a maximum depth of 7,450 meters in the Java Trench. In the middle of the seabed, there is a ridge that runs roughly north-south. Most of them are located in the tropics with an average water temperature of 20℃-27℃. Its marginal sea, the Red Sea, has the highest salt content in the world.

Oil is the most abundant marine resources, and the Persian Gulf is the largest seabed oil producing area in the world. The Indian Ocean is the earliest navigation center in the world, and its waterway is the earliest discovered and developed in the world, which is an important channel connecting Africa, Asia and Oceania. Marine freight volume accounts for more than 10% of the world, among which oil transportation ranks first.

Arctic Ocean

The Arctic Ocean is located in the northernmost part of the earth, roughly centered on this North Pole, between Asia, Europe and the north shore of North America. It is the smallest and shallowest of the four oceans. The area is about 6.5438+0.479 million square kilometers, accounting for only 3.6% of the world's ocean area; The volume is16.98 million cubic kilometers, accounting for only1.2% of the world ocean volume; The average depth is 1300m, which is only one third of the average depth of the world's oceans, and the maximum depth is only 5449m. The Arctic Ocean is also the coldest ocean among the four oceans, with snow all year round and ice thousands of miles thick. The solid ice layer covering the ocean surface is 3 ~ 4 meters thick. Whenever the seawater here flows south into the Atlantic Ocean, clusters of huge icebergs can be seen everywhere, drifting away, just like some terrible monsters, posing a certain threat to the human shipping industry. In addition, there are two wonders in the Arctic Ocean. The first wonder: almost half of the year, continuous darkness, like a long night to see the sun; The other half of the day, mostly sunny, only daytime, no night. Because of this, a day and a night in the Arctic Ocean seems to be a day instead of a year. In addition, in the ocean, you can often see the aurora phenomenon in the Arctic sky, which is erratic, changeable, colorful and very gorgeous. This is the second wonder of the Arctic Ocean.