Which is the largest tomb in the Southern Song Dynasty?
Can be called "the most", there must be reference.
Before the Lanruo Temple cemetery was discovered, the top three in the "largest" list were all very large.
For example, the Southern Song Dynasty Tomb at Fengchekou, Huzhou is supposed to be owned by Song Xiaozong's biological father Zhao Zicheng (also known as "Xiu Yuan"). Another example is the famous Dongqian Lake in Ningbo and the Shijia Tomb in Yuyao. He, Shi and Shi Songzhi are also called "one door, three phases", and all three have the power of the world. Graveyards are all made according to the one-product etiquette system.
However, Zheng Jiali, an expert in archaeology and research during the Song and Yuan Dynasties in Zhejiang Province and a researcher at the Zhejiang Institute of Cultural Relics and Archaeology, said that from the archaeological findings, the tombs of these people are actually less than one-third of the size of the Lanruo Temple cemetery. The cemetery of Lanruo Temple has an area of at least 1.2 million square meters, which is equivalent to one and a half football fields.
Luo He, a librarian of Zhejiang Institute of Cultural Relics and Archaeology, one of the leaders of cemetery archaeology, stood on an artificially rammed platform on the central axis of the cemetery. Although it is cloudy, they can feel the sudden opening of their eyes properly.
This kind of landscape, each with its own emphasis, is the feng shui standard of typical cemeteries in the Southern Song Dynasty. The technical term is called "situation school" Feng Shui, which is the mainstream concept of Feng Shui in Jiangnan area.
"The situation of feng shui is very exquisite, there should be something behind it. There should be a dragon on the left and a white tiger on the right. There'd better be a mountain opposite. If there is another river ahead, it would be more ideal. This very typical image of Li, the sun, water, wind and anger is called the land of weapons. " Zheng Jiali explained.
So, how was a typical Southern Song Dynasty tomb built? Lanruo Temple Cemetery can be a standard demonstration at textbook level.
The biggest tomb of an era.
Start under the cemetery and go up. The park is divided into upper and lower parts.
"The place where you are standing now is the main hall, a building with seven rooms wide and three rooms deep." Luo Pengru pointed to his feet. "Through dissection, we found that it is a deep seven-bay building-there are eight piers in a row, which means that there are eight columns in this row and at least seven rooms." According to Zhou Bida's Record of Siling (Note: The Diary of Current Affairs written by Zhou Bida, Prime Minister of Southern Song Dynasty, recorded the political life of Southern Song Dynasty during his dying, death and funeral in Song Gaozong), Song Gaozong's dedication hall is also a main hall, but only three. Therefore, this is the largest single cemetery building in the Southern Song Dynasty.
Then go to the main cemetery at the top of the cemetery. Luo said that the layout of the main tomb area is basically the same as that of the high-grade aristocratic tombs in the Southern Song Dynasty, except that there is no circular enclosure, and instead it is a slope paved with square bricks or stones. Quelou, just on the four corners of the main tomb, can also be seen on two raised corners.
Why is this tomb of high standard? The emergence of the sparrow house is the most decisive.
Zheng Jiali said that the four corners of the land can clearly represent identity. According to the records in the "Heavenly Sacred Order" of the Northern Song Dynasty (note: the legal book revised in the Song Dynasty. Among them, the twenty-ninth volume "Mourning Order" is of great value to the study of the funeral system in the Song Dynasty at that time. Only officials with more than three grades can build tombs at the four corners of the cemetery.
The four corners of the tomb of Lanruo Temple are built, and the owner of the tomb is obviously a senior official with more than three products. The specifications of tombs and cemeteries far exceed those of Dongqian Lake in Ningbo and Shishi Family Cemetery in Yuyao, including Xiu Yuan, an important cemetery in the Southern Song Dynasty. The result pointed to the highest specification at that time.
The so-called highest specification, of course, is the mausoleum.