Where is Zhu Yuanzhang’s tomb?

Question 1: Where is Zhu Yuanzhang’s mausoleum? The first capital of the Ming Dynasty was Nanjing, so Zhu Yuanzhang was buried in Nanjing after his death, which is the Ming Xiaoling Mausoleum. Later, because his son Zhu Di rebelled and robbed his grandson Zhu Yun, he moved the capital to Beijing. Since then, the emperor of the Ming Dynasty has been buried in Beijing.

Question 2: Where is Zhu Yuanzhang’s tomb? Zhu Yuanzhang’s tomb: Ming Xiaoling, the joint tomb of Zhu Yuanzhang, the founding emperor of the Ming Dynasty, and Queen Ma. Because the queen's posthumous title was "Xiao Ci", it was named Xiaoling. Located at the foot of Mount Everest in Dulong Fuwan in the eastern suburbs of Nanjing, on the west side of Maoshan Mountain, adjacent to Sun Yat-sen Mausoleum in the east and Meihua Mountain in the south, it is the largest imperial mausoleum in Nanjing and one of the largest imperial mausoleums in ancient China. In 2003, the 27th session of the World Heritage Committee of UNESCO decided on July 3, 2003 to be selected as a world cultural heritage. The five surrounding tombs of heroes including Chang Yuchun Tomb, Qiu Cheng Tomb, Wu Liang Tomb, Wu Zhen Tomb and Li Wenzhong Tomb are also included in the scope of World Heritage protection.

Question 3: How did Zhu Yuanzhang die? Where is Zhu Yuanzhang’s tomb? Zhu Yuanzhang died of illness

Zhu Yuanzhang’s tomb is located at the southern foot of Purple Mountain in the eastern suburbs of Nanjing. Located at the foot of Mount Everest in Dulong Fuwan, on the west side of Maoshan Mountain, adjacent to Sun Yat-sen Mausoleum in the east and Meihua Mountain in the south, it is the largest imperial mausoleum in Nanjing and one of the largest existing imperial mausoleums in ancient my country. Built in 1383 (Ming Dynasty), it has a history of more than 600 years.

Ming Xiaoling Mausoleum is the joint burial mausoleum of Zhu Yuanzhang, the founding emperor of the Ming Dynasty, and his queen, Ma Shi. Because the queen's posthumous title was "Xiao Ci", it was named Xiaoling. The 27th session of the UNESCO World Heritage Committee in 2003 decided on July 3, 2003 that the Ming Xiaoling Tomb was selected as a world cultural heritage. The five surrounding tombs of heroes including Chang Yuchun Tomb, Qiu Cheng Tomb, Wu Liang Tomb, Wu Zhen Tomb and Li Wenzhong Tomb are also included in the scope of World Heritage protection.

Question 4: Where is Zhu Yuanzhang buried? It is located outside Zhongshan Gate in the eastern suburbs of Nanjing City, at the foot of Mount Everest in Dulongfu, south of Purple Mountain. Covering an area of ​​1.7 million square meters. It was started in the 14th year of Hongwu (1381) in the Ming Dynasty, and the main project was completed in the 16th year of Hongwu (1383). The entire cemetery construction was not completed until the 11th year of Yongle (1413). Zhu Yuanzhang ascended the throne and proclaimed himself emperor in 1368. He died and was buried here in 1398. Since Zhu Yuanzhang's wife, Empress Ma, was buried here first, the empress was named Xiaoci, hence the name Xiaoling. Ming Xiaoling Mausoleum is the largest imperial mausoleum in Nanjing. The original perimeter of the red wall was 22.5 kilometers. From Xiamafang to Baoding, it stretches for more than ten miles, with a grand layout and strict regulations. From front to back, there are Xiamafang, Shenlie Mountain Stele, Chongzhen Period Libidu Covenant Stele, Golden Gate, Stele Pavilion, Duyu Bridge, Shinto Stone Carvings, Lingxing Gate, Jinshui Bridge, Wenwu Square Gate, Dianmen, Xiaoling Hall, Baocheng Minglou and Chongqiu. Only masonry parts of all buildings remain, and the wooden structures were burned down. There are 24 stone beasts of 6 types and 8 Wengzhong statues existing on both sides of the Shinto. The stele pavilion is commonly known as Sifang City. The stele of sacred merits and virtues in the pavilion was erected by Zhu Di for his father Zhu Yuanzhang. It is 8.84 meters high, 2.24 meters wide and 0.83 meters thick. It was erected in the 11th year of Yongle (1413). Xiaoling Hall currently has three floors of Xumizuo and 56 giant pillar bases. The existing building was built during the Tongzhi period of the Qing Dynasty. The city base of Minglou is 60 meters long from east to west and 34.22 meters wide from north to south. Finally, there is Chongqiu, which is surrounded by a brick wall in the north. On the hill and the surrounding mountains, there are thousands of lush trees, birds singing and flowers fragrant. The site and regulations of the mausoleum were determined by Zhu Yuanzhang himself. His hidden and implicit style had a profound impact on the subsequent construction of imperial mausoleums in the Ming and Qing dynasties. ?

Question 5: Where is the tomb of Zhu Yuanzhang, the founder of the Ming Dynasty? Ming Xiaoling Mausoleum in Nanjing Ming Xiaoling Mausoleum is the mausoleum of Zhu Yuanzhang, the founder of the Ming Dynasty. It is also one of the largest existing imperial mausoleums in ancient my country. Located at the foot of Dulong Fuwan Mount Everest at the southern foot of Zhongshan Mountain, it was built in 1383 (Ming Dynasty) and has a history of more than 600 years.

Question 6: Why is there no tomb of Zhu Yuanzhang in the Ming Tombs? The Ming Tombs are located in Beijing and are the tombs of the thirteen emperors of the Ming Dynasty starting from the Yongle Emperor who moved north.

The previous two emperors, Zhu Yuanzhang and Empress Ma, were buried together in Nanjing, the capital at that time, in what is now the Xiaoling Tomb of the Ming Dynasty. The second emperor, Emperor Jianwen, was the grandson of Zhu Yuanzhang and disappeared during the Jingnan Campaign when Emperor Chengzu of the Ming Dynasty captured Nanjing.

The Ming Xiaoling Mausoleum is located at the foot of Mount Everest at the southern foot of Zhongshan Mountain in Nanjing City, Jiangsu Province. It is the joint burial mausoleum of Zhu Yuanzhang, the founding emperor of the Ming Dynasty (1368 to 1644 AD), and Queen Ma. As the first Ming tomb in China, the Ming Xiaoling Tomb is spectacular and magnificent. It represents the highest achievement of architecture and stone carving art in the early Ming Dynasty and directly influenced the shape of imperial tombs in the Ming and Qing dynasties for more than 500 years. The imperial tombs of the Ming and Qing Dynasties distributed in Beijing, Hubei, Liaoning, Hebei and other places according to the historical process were all built according to the regulations and models of the Ming Xiaoling Mausoleum in Nanjing.

According to historical records, Zhu Yuanzhang ordered the construction of the mausoleum in the 14th year of Hongwu in the Ming Dynasty (1381 AD). In August of the next year, Empress Ma died and was buried in this mausoleum in September, named "Xiaoling". The name of Xiaoling Mausoleum comes from the word "filial piety" in the posthumous title, which means "ruling the world with filial piety". One theory is that Queen Ma's posthumous title means "filial piety", hence the name. The Xiaoling Mausoleum of the Ming Dynasty was built in the 3rd year of Yongle (1405) and lasted 25 years. The Ming royal family successively mobilized 100,000 military personnel, consuming a lot of manpower and material resources. The Xiaoling Mausoleum of the Ming Dynasty is large in scale and majestic in architecture. Its shape is based on the tombs of the Tang and Song dynasties. When it was built, the palaces and pavilions inside the wall were majestic and magnificent. Half of the seventy temples in the Southern Dynasties were enclosed in forbidden gardens. There are 100,000 pine trees planted in the mausoleum and 1,000 deer raised. Due to repeated attacks by war, in addition to the mausoleum and underground palace, only the Shinto, Xiama Archway, Golden Gate, Sifang City, etc. remain in the Ming Xiaoling Mausoleum.

The buildings in the tomb area are roughly divided into two groups: the first group is the Shinto part, starting from Xiamafang and ending at the main entrance of Xiaoling; the second group is the main part, starting from the main entrance to Baocheng, Minglou, Chongzhong Until the hill. The existing buildings include the Shenlie Mountain Monument, the Forbidden Covenant Monument, Xiamafang, Dajinmen, Sifangcheng, the Shengongshengde Monument, Xiaoling Hall, and Dashiqiao.

In the thirty-first year of Hongwu (AD 1398), Zhu Yuanzhang, who had been emperor for 31 years, died and was buried in Xiaoling. The underground palace where Zhu Yuanzhang and his queen are buried together is commonly known as "Baocheng". It is a large circular mound with a diameter of about 400 meters. It is surrounded by stone walls. On the south wall is the inscription "This is the tomb of Taizu Ming Dynasty in this mountain". 7 big characters. The treasure city is thick and solid, undulating along the mountains. It is built with huge stones at the bottom and exposed bricks at the top. It is about 1 meter thick. It is one of the largest existing mausoleums in China. After more than 600 years of ups and downs, the walls of Baocheng have partially collapsed in recent years, with the walls peeling off and huge cracks forming in some places due to reverse tearing due to foundation settlement. The Nanjing Municipal Cultural Relics Department has invested more than 3 million yuan and adopted the protection plan of ancient architectural experts from Southeast University to repair the wall in accordance with the requirements of keeping it as old as possible, such as "suturing" cracks, leveling the "wall", and repairing the wall. Deformed walls were repaired and waterproofed to prevent leakage. In order to facilitate tourists to see the true appearance of the "Dragon Veins", a bluestone tourist trail was also built, allowing tourists to climb to the top of the treasure to see the full view of the Xiaoling Tomb of the Ming Dynasty.

Liu Xujie, vice president of the Architectural History Society of the Architectural Society of China and professor of architecture at Southeast University, said: "The Ming Xiaoling Mausoleum represents the artistic achievement of royal architecture in the early Ming Dynasty and is the epitome of Chinese mausoleum architecture and mausoleum culture." The Xiaoling Mausoleum of the Ming Dynasty is more than 2,600 meters deep from the starting point of Xiamafang to the Baoding where the underground palace is located. There are more than 30 buildings and stone carvings of different styles and uses along the way. The overall layout is grand and orderly, and the individual buildings are thick and majestic. , the detailed decoration craftsmanship is exquisite, embodying the wisdom of politicians, artists and architects at that time.

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Question 7: Has Zhu Yuanzhang’s mausoleum been stolen? The Ming Xiaoling Mausoleum is the joint burial mausoleum of the founding emperor of the Ming Dynasty, Zhu Yuanzhang, and his queen, Ma Shi. The posthumous title is "Xiao Ci", hence the name Xiaoling. As the first Ming tomb in China, the Ming Xiaoling Tomb is spectacular and majestic. It represents the highest achievement of architecture and stone carving art in the early Ming Dynasty. It directly influenced the shape of imperial tombs in the Ming and Qing dynasties for more than 500 years. It is distributed in Beijing, Hubei, Liaoning, The imperial mausoleums of the Ming and Qing Dynasties in Hebei and other places were all built according to the regulations and models of the Ming Xiaoling Mausoleum in Nanjing. They have a special status in the history of the development of Chinese imperial mausoleums, and are therefore known as the "First Imperial Mausoleum of the Ming and Qing Dynasties".

The Xiaoling Mausoleum of the Ming Dynasty is located at the foot of Mount Everest in Dulong Fuwan, at the southern foot of Purple Mountain in Nanjing. It borders Sun Yat-sen Mausoleum to the east and Meihua Mountain to the south. It is the largest imperial mausoleum in Nanjing and one of the largest imperial mausoleums in China. It is also a world cultural heritage, a national key cultural relics protection unit, a national key scenic spot and a national AAAAA tourist attraction.

Ming Xiaoling Tomb was stolen but failed.

Why was the Xiaoling Tomb of the Ming Dynasty able to escape thieves for hundreds of years? He Yun'ao, a professor at the Institute of Natural and Cultural Heritage of Nanjing University who once presided over the application for the Ming Xiaoling Mausoleum, told reporters that since 1997, cultural relic workers have used high-tech methods such as precision magnetic survey to conduct archaeological research on the Ming Xiaoling Tomb for six years. Exploration and research have confirmed that no excavation has been successful in history. The reason why it is well preserved today is due to the special anti-theft measures, historical opportunities and geographical location of Xiaoling Tomb in the Ming Dynasty.

After exploration, it was found that Dulongfu, where the Ming Xiaoling Mausoleum is located, was originally a solid stone mountain. In some imperial tombs, a deep cave was dug from top to bottom and then sealed up after construction. However, the Xiaoling Tomb of the Ming Dynasty was dug horizontally into the mountain and hollowed out from the inside to build the Xuan Palace. "Although this horizontal hole method is a huge project, it is very strong. Without explosives, it would be impossible for ancient tomb robbers to dig holes from the top downwards," He Yun'ao said.

The horizontal hole design makes the tomb passage the only passage for tomb robbers. In order to hide the tomb passage, the craftsmen who built Ming Xiaoling Mausoleum also worked hard. Through precision magnetic survey, archaeologists detected that the tomb passage was not in the middle as people imagined, but to one side. This unconventional design made many tomb robbers return without success.

In addition to the horizontal caves and side tomb passages, archaeologists also discovered a thick layer of round pebbles under the high mound of earth on the top of the Xiaoling Mausoleum in the Ming Dynasty. He Yun'ao said that cobblestones should have appeared in low-lying mountain streams. There is only one reason why they now appear on the top of Dulongfu mountain - they were deliberately laid on people's backs, not only to facilitate rainwater to quickly penetrate into the Baoding drainage facilities and flow out, but also to facilitate rainwater to quickly penetrate into the Baoding drainage facilities and flow out. The most important thing is to prevent theft. "This is similar to the ancient quicksand anti-theft method. When a tomb robber digs a hole, pebbles will roll down from all directions and fill the hole." He Yun'ao said. This is why it is so difficult to find traces of illegal excavations.

Although the Xiaoling Tomb of the Ming Dynasty adopted three effective tomb robbing measures, if you encounter a warlord with heavy troops and explosives like Sun Dianying, the Dongling robber, you will not be able to escape. Fortunately, history Chance allowed Ming Xiaoling to escape the clutches of these thieves. He Yun'ao said that although the city of Nanjing experienced wars many times after the Ming Dynasty, every new regime protected the Xiaoling Tomb of the Ming Dynasty without exception. After the establishment of the Qing Dynasty, the anti-Qing ideology in the Jiangnan area was effectively eliminated by protecting the Xiaoling Mausoleum of the Ming Dynasty. Even Emperors Kang and Qian must come to the Ming Xiaoling Mausoleum to pay homage every time they went to the south of the Yangtze River. Kangxi also erected a stone tablet in front of the mausoleum with the words "Government of the Tang and Song Dynasties". The first thing Hong Xiuquan and Sun Yat-sen did after establishing their power in Nanjing was to pay homage to the Xiaoling Tomb of the Ming Dynasty to show their determination to overthrow the Manchu Qing Dynasty and restore China.

He Yun'ao believes that another important reason why Ming Xiaoling Tomb has escaped thieves is that it is too close to the city of Nanjing. As long as there is any disturbance, the city will immediately know about it, which makes it impossible for the excavation activities to continue for too long. For a long time, there is only no success.

Question 8: Who showed the tomb of Zhu Yuanzhang’s father? Zhu Yuanzhang, the founding emperor of the Ming Dynasty, was born into a poor family. When he was young, his parents died one after another, and his neighbor Liu Jizu felt sorry for him and gave him a cemetery so that he could bury his relatives. From then on, he was left alone and became a monk in Huangjue Temple. Later, when the Red Scarf Army revolted, he joined Guo Zixing's troops. Soon, he served as deputy marshal of the left, conquered the Central Plains, conquered Nanjing, and ascended to the great treasure, the country was named Daming.

After he became the emperor, he followed four generations of honors. His grandfather was posthumously named Xizu, and his father was posthumously named Renzu. He built Emperor Chun's mausoleum in Fengyang, and ordered the crown prince to go to Si. Zhou (now Sihong, Jiangsu Province) offered sacrifices to his ancestors and examined his heirs.

However, due to the long history, even Zhu Yuanzhang himself could not confirm the exact location of his ancestor's burial place. Therefore, the crown prince and his entourage had no choice but to stand outside Sizhou City and look at the river to pay their respects.

However, on the twelfth day of the tenth lunar month in the seventeenth year of Hongwu (AD 1384), Zhu Gui, a tribesman, claimed that he had found the residence and burial place of Zhu Yuanzhang's grandfather, and subsequently announced it - A mysterious story that even Zhu Yuanzhang may not have known in advance, especially the mysterious Feng Shui address of the ancestral grave.

The story goes like this: Zhu Yuanzhang’s grandfather was born during the Song and Yuan Dynasties. He was a native of Zhujia Village, Tongde Township, Jurong County, Jiangsu Province. Due to the chaos in the world, he took his family across the Huai River and settled in Sizhou. One day, he was lying down and resting in a pit behind the house in Yangjiadun. Suddenly two Taoist priests, master and apprentice, came. The master, the old Taoist, pointed to the place where Xizu lay and said: "If you are buried here, the emperor will definitely be born." The young Taoist asked: "How can you see it?" The old Taoist said: "This The ground is warm and the hands are condensed. If you don't believe it, you can try it by inserting a dead branch, and it will definitely grow leaves within ten days." Then he hurriedly called Xizu to get up, and Xizu pretended to be asleep, and it took him a while to wake up. The old Taoist priest asked him, did you hear what we said just now? Xizu pretended to be deaf and couldn't hear what others said. So the two Taoist priests, the master and the disciple, planted branches and walked away.

When the 10th arrived, Xizu hurriedly went to check it, and sure enough, the dead branches sprouted and grew leaves. So he cleverly pulled out the wood that had branches and leaves and replaced it with a dead branch that was similar to the original one. After that, when two Taoist priests came and saw that the dead branch had no leaves, the little Taoist asked: "Why are there no leaves?" What?"

Seeing that Xizu was nearby again, the old Taoist became suspicious and pointed at Xizu and said, "I must be replaced by this person."

Xizu had no way to hide it. The truth is non-committal.

The Taoist priest said: "You have vented your son's royal aura by doing this. It seems that it can no longer be passed on to your sons, but your grandchildren can only be the emperor." He said to him: "You are blessed. If you are buried here after your death, your family will definitely have an emperor."

In the fourth year of Taiding in the Yuan Dynasty (1327 AD). Xizu told Renzu about this before his death, and he was actually buried here. Before the earth was sealed, it was a tomb of his own accord. At the end of this year, the Zhu family moved to the wood farm in Xuyi County, east of Zhongli. One day, Zhu Yuanzhang's mother met a strange man, a scholar with a beard and a strange appearance, wearing a yellow crown and red clothes, who gave her a pill of white medicine. This medicine is so radiant that when you swallow it, you will be pregnant.

The following year, that is, in September of the first year of Yuan Tianli (1328 AD), a son was born. This was Zhu Yuanzhang, who later became Taizu of the Ming Dynasty.

Zhu Yuanzhang greatly praised this story. Based on the clues provided by Zhu Gui, Zhu Yuanzhang ordered the crown prince to build a tall mausoleum in Sihong County, which is the Mingzu Mausoleum. Zhu Gui also made meritorious service by recognizing the tomb or making up stories. In addition to bestowing upon him a house, banknotes, gold belts, clothes and other items, Zhu Yuanzhang also specially granted him an ancestral mausoleum to enshrine a fourth-rank official, and ordered his descendants to manage the mausoleum matters hereditary.