Introduction to judo knowledge
Judo was founded in 1980s by Jana Jgoroh in 19, and became an Olympic event in 1964 Tokyo Olympic Games. At that time, Japan, as the host country of the Olympic Games, could add a special event, so Japan chose judo. There are only four levels of competition in Tokyo Olympic Games, and Japanese athletes won three gold medals.
However, in the indifferent competition, Dutch Anton Gisenko, who is1.98m tall, defeated Akio, the Japanese champion for three consecutive years, in front of15,000 spectators in the Japanese Dojo Hall, and defeated him again in the resurrection, thus breaking the argument that Japanese judo masters can beat any opponent.
Judo competition requires players to "lock their arms" and "strangle" their opponents' limbs and necks, and to throw their opponents to the ground or suppress them until they admit defeat or throw their opponents to the ground.
Judo was born in Japan and is deeply loved by the Japanese people. It is widely spread in Japan, so Japan is called "Judo Country". Judo is a unique subject in Japanese Wushu, which evolved from jujitsu. It has a long history, from the Warring States period in Japan to the Tokugawa period in 15 and 16 centuries. Judo has always been called jujitsu or body art, and the term judo used now is simplified from "Judo introduced to Kodokan from Japan".
Judo has a very old history, and it is very complicated to understand its origin. Among the works of various schools of judo. There are all kinds of theories. One legend is that during the reign of Emperor Chuiren in 29 BC, Naomi Su Mi fought a famous battle with Dangmachu Soda. Their battle is a combination of fighting and wrestling. Since then, some people have absorbed wrestling techniques and developed into the present sumo sport; Others sum up fighting experience in fighting, develop it into jujitsu, and then evolve into judo. Another way of saying it is: Jiu Jitsu originated from China's boxing in the Tang Dynasty, and it is the general name of competitive events such as soft method, sum method, posture method, catcher, little foot, boxing and so on. At the end of Ming Dynasty, Chen Yuanbin, who studied martial arts in Shaolin Temple, went to Japan in the first half of the17th century and taught China martial arts in the south of Edo City, which led to the extensive development of Jiu Jitsu in Japan. Since then, there have been more and more schools of Jiu Jitsu. According to records, the earliest school was Takeuchi School, which was founded in June of the first year of astronomy 1532. Then, at the end of Chen Feng's period, Araki School rose in about 1590. After the Tokugawa Guang Jia era 1623, there appeared schools such as dreaming, controlling rigidity, integrating communication, being straight-minded, shifting goodness, worshiping heaven, ups and downs, and involving Sichuan.
Meiji Ten Years 1877 Jana Jgoroh, a student of Tokyo Imperial University in Toyama, was eighteen years old at that time. Starting from the desire to keep fit, he decided to learn Jiu Jitsu. At first, I went to school with the help of Yasuo Fukuda of Jinshen Zhenyang School, then I studied in Fan Zhengzhi School of the same school, and then I studied in the lifting school after a long meal. After several years of hard work, this industry has reached a high level. He made an in-depth study of the schools of God, Truth and Yang and other schools, regardless of other people's opinions and learned from others. After sorting out and reforming, he perfected the theory and technology of Jiu Jitsu skills, formulated a set of systematic training methods, canceled dangerous movements, and established a new Jiu Jitsu system, including throwing technology, fixing technology and playing technology, thus making the traditional Jiu Jitsu look brand-new and creating its reform into modern judo. From then on, the scientific discussion of judo becoming an educational sports project began; Make judo take a new step in cultivating noble will quality. Out of admiration for judo and love for their own national culture, the Japanese people greatly admire Mr. Jana Jgoroh and call him "the father of judo". The Kingdom of Ghana is not only the founder and advocate of modern judo, but also a famous Japanese educator and a great man who has an important influence on international sports.
During Meiji 15 1882, Mr. Gana Jgoroh moved to Yongchang Temple in Shimonoseki Daohe Town, and took the college as the Dojo training venue to teach students, and began training activities centered on judo. This Yongchang Temple has also become a pioneering place for "Japanese to spread judo in Kodokan". There were only nine students who came to study in the first year, and then it increased year by year, and Kodokan's influence was growing. Because judo absorbs and synthesizes the inherent advantages of various jujitsu. Competition is also standardized, so it is not only an effective self-defense skill, but also a fascinating sport; It can not only strengthen people's physique, but also help to temper their spirit, improve their alertness and adaptability, and enhance their self-confidence and willpower.
Judo has a very broad mass base in Japan. At present, Japan holds various types of competitions around the National Judo Competition Conference every year. For example, middle school students in various regions are equivalent to junior high school judo competitions in China. Colleges and universities are equivalent to national competitions for senior high school students in China, all-day award-winning competitions for college students and various forms of competitions. Judo is not only an entertainment sport in Japan, but also a teaching project of school physical education. This gives Japanese people the opportunity to receive systematic training from an early age, laying a solid foundation for improving judo skills. Therefore, Japan, which enjoys the reputation of "judo country", has won more than half of the gold medals and team championships in previous Olympic Games and world competitions almost every time.
Judo originated from a kind of Japanese martial arts, namely "Jiu Jitsu". But in fact, judo is a highly antagonistic competitive sport, which emphasizes the proficiency of players in mastering technology, rather than the comparison of strength.
After modern development, judo was listed as an official event of Tokyo Olympic Games in 1964. The host can choose to add an Olympic event, and Japan chose judo. As the birthplace of judo, Japan did have an advantage in the early days. However, in the indiscriminate competition, Dutch player Ji Xinke defeated Japan's three-time national champion with a height of 1.98 meters, thus changing people's fantasy view of judo.
rules of a contest/competition
Judo for men and women was listed as an event in the 1964 18 Olympic Games and the 25th Olympic Games in 1992 respectively. In the Olympic Games, it takes five minutes for men to score and win, and four minutes for women. If neither side scores, three judges will decide the winner according to the principle of majority voting. Each heavyweight event has a gold medal, a silver medal and two bronze medals.
At the Sydney Olympic Games, 400 judo players will no longer wear traditional white clothes, but one player will wear white clothes and the other will wear blue clothes.
Players of each level will first be divided into two groups for single elimination, and then the top two in the group will enter the semi-finals, and the winner will compete for the championship.
Athletes may emphasize that judo is a sport that anyone can participate in. The two most striking judo players in Sydney Olympic Games are really quite different in stature.
There are 14 events in judo competition in Beijing Olympic Games, including 7 events for men and 7 events for women, namely 60kg, 66kg, 73kg, 8 1kg, 90kg, 100kg and above, and 48kg and 500kg for women. The judo competition of Beijing Olympic Games will be held in the gymnasium of University of Science and Technology Beijing from August 9 to June 5, 2008.
Venue and clothing: the judo venue is paved with tatami or suitable materials similar to tatami, and the color is usually green. There is a competition area and a safety area. One athlete wears a blue judo suit and the other wears a white judo suit. The length of the jacket of judo suit should cover the thigh, and the left lapel of the jacket should be wide enough to hold down the right lapel. The waist is tied with a belt with a width of 4 to 5 cm, and its color represents the position of the athletes.
Competition rules: During the competition, according to the skills used by athletes, according to their quality and effect, they are awarded four kinds of scores:
1. One copy: one copy is obtained in four cases: one side of the competition controls the other side, and puts the other side into most of the landing state with considerable strength and speed; When one side controls the other side in the "pressure technique" competition so that it can't get out of control within 25 seconds after announcing the "pressure technique start"; When one side slaps the mat or the other side's body with hands or feet for more than two times, or shouts "lost"; When one side of the competition uses torsion technique or joint technique to fully display the technical effect. In addition, when one side of the competition is punished by the fourth "guidance", the other side gets "one book" score. When one party gets a copy, it wins the game.
2. Skills: There are two situations to obtain "skills": when one side of the competition controls the opponent and falls down with throwing skills, but the technical effect is insufficient to judge "a book"; In "pressure technique", one side of the game controls the other side for more than 20 seconds. In addition, when one side of the competition is punished by the third "guidance", the other side gets a "skill" score. When one side of a competition gains a second "skill" in a competition, that side wins.
3. Effective: There are two situations to be "effective": when one side of the competition controls the opponent and falls down with throwing technique, but the technical effect is not enough to judge "a book"; In "pressure technique", one side controls the other side for more than 15 seconds. In addition, when one side of the competition is punished by the second "guidance", the other side gets an "effective" score.
4. Effect: There are two situations to get the "effect": when one side of the game controls his opponent, he throws his opponent to the shoulder, thigh or hip with speed and strength; In "pressure technique", one side controls the other side for more than 10 second. In addition, when one side of the competition is punished by "guidance", the other side gets an "effect" score.
In a game, after an athlete gets a copy, the game can end, and the athlete who gets the copy wins the game. If there is no "book" victory in a competition, the winner will be judged according to the number of "skills", "effectiveness" and "effects" within the specified competition time. But one "skill" is better than all "effectiveness" and "effect". One "effect" is better than all "effects". If the scores of both sides are equal, overtime will be played, and the first scorer in overtime will win. After the overtime, if the scores of the two sides have not changed, the three referees on the field will raise the flag to decide the outcome after consultation.
Competition etiquette: Judo is a very polite event. The etiquette of players and referees is clearly defined in the competition rules. As an audience, you should watch the game in a civilized way.