Are there any astronomical phenomena at the end of 2009 and 20 10?
65438+February 14 Gemini meteor shower is particularly large.
It is the existence of Gemini meteor shower that makes the night sky in 65438+February never lack bright spots. Gemini meteor shower, together with quadrant meteor shower and Perseid meteor shower, is also called the three major meteor showers in the northern hemisphere, which is not only large in flow, but also very stable. At the same time, it also has the characteristics of brighter flow, good observation effect and long time. For the mid-latitude area in the northern hemisphere, the radiant point of meteor shower can be seen almost all night in the maximum period, and the horizon is above 70 degrees at midnight, which can be regarded as one of the best meteor inches in the whole year. At this time, in the southern hemisphere, the night itself is relatively short, and it is best to observe only for a short time. The active period of Gemini meteor shower is not too long We may see this group of meteors in the night between 65438+February 7 and 17 this year. According to the forecast of the International Meteor Organization, this year's great possibility will appear around June 4th, Beijing time 13, and the ZHR value will reach around 120. Through the observation of Gemini meteor shower in recent 20 years, we found that its maximum value will last for more than two hours. And for relatively dim meteors, the large flow can even last for about a day. Therefore, for astronomy enthusiasts all over China, the nights of 13 and 14 are favorable observation times, and this year's Gemini meteor shower coincides with the 27th and 28th of the lunar calendar 10, and the monthly loss will not affect the observation. According to our observation results of Gemini meteor shower the year before last, there was basically no moonlight influence in 2007, and an explosion occurred above ZHR 150. In 2008, despite the serious influence of moonlight, we observed hundreds of meteors in one night, so this meteor shower is very worth observing.
Next, let's talk about how to actually observe the Gemini meteor shower. First, check the weather forecast two or three days in advance, and then make observation preparations after confirming sunny days. The location of meteor shower observation should be chosen in the suburbs with high altitude and far away from urban light pollution, which requires us to pay attention to safety. Second, we should pay attention to cold and warmth. You can find a relatively open farmhouse around, and it is best to have heating facilities to facilitate rest. If you mainly observed meteor showers before, you can take beautiful photos of Gemini meteor showers. The equipment needed for photographic observation is mainly digital SLR cameras and wide-angle lenses, tripods, cable releasers and enough batteries and memory cards. At first, you can focus with bright stars, and then take pictures with a tripod. Shooting is very knowledgeable. Naturally, it is best to put the radiation point in the field of vision, and it is also a good choice to shoot some beautiful scenery. Of course, it is better to have some lights on the scenery, otherwise the photos are not bright enough. Next, we adjust the shooting parameters. My experience is that the maximum aperture of the lens is closed by one gear or not, the maximum sensitivity of the camera is reduced by two or three gears, and the white balance is adjusted to the daylight gear. Exposure time 10 to 20 seconds, as long as the background skylight is not too bright. Of course, the most important thing is to set the camera to continuous shooting mode and release the lock with the cable to make it shoot continuously. Facing the fleeting meteor, we have to "wait for the rabbit".
65438+February 19 East distance of Mercury
The last big distance of Mercury this year will also be staged this month, and this year's seven big distances will also come to a successful conclusion. The easterly distance of Mercury 65438+February 65438+February 9 is the fourth easterly distance this year. On that day, the angular distance between mercury and the sun was about 20 degrees, and the declination was slightly lower than the sun. Therefore, taking the area around 40 degrees north latitude as an example, the height of Mercury's horizon at sunset that day is about 12 degrees. I think different people have different views on whether such a position observation condition is good or not. If the weather is clear and the atmospheric transparency is high, you can find a very open area in the west for observation, because the brightness of Mercury can reach -0. 5 and so on. So it shouldn't be a problem to see Mercury at dusk.
It is worth mentioning that although Mercury moves eastward at 19, the declination will gradually increase with its operation, and the maximum horizon height will appear at 2 1 at sunset. So after 19, we have a chance to see Mercury for several days in a row. Observing mercury from a distance, it is more challenging to find it directly with the naked eye if you simply take pictures or observe it through a telescope. Opportunity is rare, but luck is also very important. Not afraid of everyone's jokes, so far, the author has only seen Mercury three times with the naked eye.
On February 22nd, 65438, the meteor shower in Ursa Major was particularly large.
Compared with the Gemini meteor shower, the Ursa minor meteor shower is much less famous. Of course, the attention of a meteor shower is directly proportional to its flow. Usually, the ZHR value of the meteor shower in Ursa minor is only 10, and it can only reach about 50 in case of a big outbreak. In the past 70 years, only 1945 and 1986 broke out. In 2006 and 2007, there were two meteor showers. Due to the serious influence of moonlight on observation, the ZHR value is only about 35.
The active period of the meteor shower in Ursa minor is from 12 to 17 to 26, and there may be heavy flow on the 22nd Beijing time. However, due to the influence of temperature and low attention, there are few observation data of the meteor shower in Ursa minor, so it is difficult for us to define it or make an accurate prediction. There are several different predictions about the maximum time of meteor shower this year. The first one happened at 2 1:30-24:00 Beijing time on the 22nd. If so, it must be a good thing for domestic observation. Because the radiant point of the Ursa minor meteor shower is located near the north celestial pole, it can be observed all night, and the moon phase of that day is close to the first quarter moon, and the moon will set in the first half of the night, which has little effect on the observation. Secondly, according to the forecast model of meteor shower in Ursa minor given by scientists Tinn and Jeremy, the perihelion of the parent comet 8P tuttle will return in June 5438 +2008 10, which has a great influence on this year's meteor shower. The explosions in 2006 and 2007 were also proved to be related to the return of comets. The forecast points out that it is likely to happen around 15 on 22nd Beijing time, and ZHR is greater than 14, which is very short. Compared with the first forecast, this is obviously more suitable for observers in North America and the North Pacific.
20 10/0,65438+10 month, 15, the annular solar eclipse passes through Sichuan, Chongqing, Hubei, Henan and Shandong.
2010 65438+10.29, Mars solar eclipse, little impact, brightness-1.3, etc.
On March 22, 20 10, Saturn's solar eclipse was near the vernal equinox, with a brightness of +0.5.
On June 26, 20 10, a partial lunar eclipse occurred, which can be seen in most parts of China.
2010 July 1 1, total solar eclipse, not visible in China.
20 10 On August 20th, Venus was near Mars, with an easterly distance and brightness of -4.3. And the brightness of+1.5 and so on.
20 10 September 2 1, Jupiter solar eclipse, close to the vernal equinox, brightness -2.9, etc!
20 10 12 2 1, total lunar eclipse, food comes out in most parts of China.