Electronic version of 2022 calendar
Because beginning of spring Day rarely coincides with New Year's Eve and New Year's Day, it is either in front or behind, that is, a few years ago and a few years later in beginning of spring. People in rural areas think that New Year's Eve and New Year's Day are China's New Year in time, while beginning of spring Day is China's New Year in solar terms. In fact, in rural areas, people are used to seeing the beginning of spring as the real beginning of a new year.
There are many folk customs in rural areas of China, which are still circulating today. This article will introduce three main customs in beginning of spring, namely, hiding from spring, stepping on spring and biting spring.
1, escape from spring
There is an old saying in the countryside that "beginning of spring should hide from spring every day". In rural areas, hiding from spring is also called "playing spring". People think that day in beginning of spring is the time for the seasons to change. Some people have to stay at home and can't see outsiders. What are these people like? Why do some people not hide in early spring, but want to hide when they can go out directly?
Some people in rural areas like to say orally, "Do you dare to break ground on your tradition?" According to folklore, the phrase "put your head on the ground" is called "put your feet on the ground". It belongs to the so-called "numerology" in ancient China, and their professional name is "Chongke Sui Jun".
In our country, there is a kind of god called Value Year, also called Tai Sui God, referred to as Tai Sui for short. The traditional god is sixty, which is divided into five small cycles, and twelve years is a small cycle. In a short period, Artest had Sui Shen on duty every year. This is the so-called duty year, which is changed once a year and once every twelve years. It was the turn of the Tai Sui God.
Tai sui originated from the worship of gods in ancient China. What the ancients called Tai Sui is Jupiter in the sky now. Jupiter runs once every twelve months. The ancients called Jupiter an old star or old age. The ancients believed that Jupiter runs every twelve years, just like twelve people on duty, and twelve people should be arranged to be on duty in turn. Later, Jupiter melted and became a twelve-year-old god. There was a different god every year.
In the Eastern Han Dynasty, Wang Chong believed that traditional gods were not gods in heaven. He said in "On Heng Di's Poems":
"Tai sui, the god of time; It is unusual to harm people with punishment, and it is not natural. "
Since then, people think that Tai Sui God is a fierce god among the hidden people, usually unknown and little known.
With the development of our country, the twelve-year-old years are constantly personified. At present, the earliest anthropomorphic Tai Sui God that can be verified is Yin Jiao. Yin Jiao is the eldest son of Shang Zhouwang. There is a saying in The Romance: "Yin Jiao is a god worthy of the era of kings." Later, it gradually increased, with more than 60 people, all of whom are personalized traditional gods, but they are different from place to place. Among them are 60 traditional portraits of gods and idols. Few people are too old for God, and few people know it.
It is believed that people should not rush to commit crimes, because traditional gods are fierce. How can a criminal be considered too old?
Later, China's ancient numerology borrowed China's traditional view in astronomy, and put forward a set of views that the zodiac was in conflict with China's traditional view. This statement is like a calendar, which can be used for a long time and written into the old yellow calendar or the peasant calendar. Sixty years is a cycle, and it will be used again after 60 years, and so on. In the past, almost every family in rural areas had almanac such as Lao Huang Li, which shows that the dispute between the young and the old has a far-reaching impact on rural customs.
Today, if you want to check the "Tai Sui Chong" of the lunar calendar in 2022, you can use the old printed almanac or various versions of the almanac, that is, Niu Tai Sui, Yang Tai Sui, Long Tai Sui, Ma Tai Sui and Dog Tai Sui. According to folklore, these people who are in conflict with "Tai Sui" should go into hiding when the seasons change in beginning of spring. There are mainly two kinds of people: those who are too old and those who are in conflict with others.
The saying is to avoid illness and talk about the next year. Specific time, it is generally believed that within one hour before and after sexual intercourse (specific time in beginning of spring), with the current conversion of time, one hour is equal to two hours, that is, one hour before and after sexual intercourse. However, in 2022, the time in beginning of spring is 22: 58: 39 on February 3rd. As a rural person, it was late at night, and I had gone home to sleep. This statement formed a custom in ancient China. Until now, some elderly people in many rural areas still have the custom of "hiding from the cold of spring".
There are also some rural areas in China that don't have the custom of "avoiding spring", but there are many taboos on anti-spring days, or the custom of "avoiding spring" is combined with taboo customs. For example, beginning of spring Day is not suitable for breaking ground, moving, going to seriously ill patients' homes, funeral scenes, etc. And it is forbidden to pick up the dung bucket, pour dung, call names, cry, yell at children, smash bowls and lights, fall to the ground while eating chopsticks, behead, cut nails, etc.
Scientifically speaking, "hiding from spring" doesn't make sense. It is a traditional folk custom. In rural areas, except for some elderly people, most young people don't believe this.
Step 2 step on the spring
If "hiding in the spring" means staying at home or in a quiet place, you can't just meet people, then "stepping in the spring" is the opposite. You can't hide at home, and you can't stay in one place alone. But to go out from home, absorb the fresh air of nature, and go to crowded places for fun.
The two rural customs of "stepping on the spring" and "avoiding the spring" seem to be playing against Taiwan Province, each singing its own tune, which also reflects the diversity of traditional folk culture in China, and it is impossible to tell which is reasonable and which is unreasonable.
There are two ways to say "step on the spring". One way is to go out for a spring outing and climb mountains. I think people in the city are like this, but people in the countryside don't have the luxury. Rural people's "stepping on spring" mainly depends on labor and harvesting. For example, in some mountainous rural areas, beginning of spring went up the mountain to cut firewood with a firewood knife on his back in the early morning. In rural areas, going up the mountain in spring is called "chopping spring firewood" and carrying it home is called "carrying spring money (firewood) home". In some rural areas, there is a similar custom on New Year's Day, which is also called "chopping spring firewood". When I get up in the morning, I'm not busy paying New Year's greetings, but coming back from the mountain to chop a load of firewood, commonly known as "making money".
Generally, women don't go up the mountain to cut wood, but go to the garden to pick vegetables or play pig grass (vegetables). The homonym of vegetables is wealth, and it can also make a family "make money" at the beginning of spring, bringing good luck to the family for a year.
In other places, you don't have to go up the mountain to cut wood, and you don't have to pick vegetables in the garden. You must go out empty-handed. You can't go home empty-handed You have to take something home, which is also called "making money".
There is also a "spring outing", which means climbing high. There are two kinds. One is walking on stilts. After walking on stilts, people step on high places, which means a better life in the new year. The other is swinging, which is popular in the southern rural areas of the old society. It is a swing made of straw. Swing higher every time, which also means step by step.
"Walking in the spring" means going out for a walk and not staying at home. Walking on stilts and swinging are all collective activities, and the scene is very lively. In some places, people also compete to win lottery tickets.
There is a special saying about "stepping in the spring". For example, in the year of 2022 of the lunar calendar, there is no solar term in beginning of spring, which is commonly known as spring year, dumb year, black year and year. As the old saying goes, there is a saying in the countryside that "it is not appropriate to get married when you are widowed, but you should get married first". If I want to get married, I am afraid of this folk saying that women who want to get married will "step on spring" at the beginning of spring to drive away the bad luck in the coming year. This is of course a good expression.
The custom of "stepping on spring" in rural areas expresses that spring is coming. It is a beautiful yearning to greet the Spring Festival with your own steps and labor, and I hope that the coming year will be better.
Step 3 bite the spring
Beginning of spring in ancient China was very popular among the gentry in Wei and Jin Dynasties, and the custom of making and eating spring cakes became popular in Song Dynasty.
Making spring dishes is very popular in ancient palaces and wealthy families. They eat fresh vegetables, fruits, sugar and cakes on plates. It was also at that time that people began to pay attention to the solar terms in beginning of spring to welcome the Spring Festival. The dishes and cakes on the plate. Spring cakes used to be put on a plate, but later they developed into individual spring cakes and then into spring rolls. Until now, many rural areas still have the custom of eating Japanese spring rolls in the early spring.
The custom of making and eating spring cakes spread from top to bottom, from the upper level to the countryside. Rural people's New Year's Eve is not rich, and luxury goods such as fruit and sugar are hard to buy, and there is no money to buy them. Fresh vegetables can be grown at home, which is not a problem. If there is no fruit and sugar, it's easy. Make radish into fruit and sugar and put it in the spring plate. This is just like in the old society, when the poor had no meat to eat, they cut carrots into pieces and called them "fat meat", which was a kind of helpless self-comfort.
In rural areas, eating spring cakes and carrots at the same time is called biting spring. In fact, biting spring is biting spring cakes and radishes.
Poor people in rural areas can't eat raw radishes. Any oil and water in their stomachs will be "scraped away" by radish, which will make them eat more and feel more hungry. There is a saying in the countryside that "if you die of poverty, you will not plow, and if you starve to death, you will not enter the radish garden." Eating raw radish not only can't satisfy hunger, but the more you eat, the hungrier you get.
But in the eyes of the rich, radish can relieve spring sleep, greasy and ventilated. After the spring dishes from the poor families in rural areas were handed to the rich, they became their delicacies. According to historical records, in order to please the emperor, some ministers in ancient times sent fresh radishes to the emperor and dug kang holes to grow radishes at home, which is similar to growing greenhouse vegetables now.
Folk culture is like this. The life customs of the upper class often affect the life customs of the lower class, and the life customs of the lower class will also affect the life customs of the upper class. The ancient custom of "biting spring" in China is a custom formed by the interaction between superiors and subordinates.
Spring cakes are usually pasta. In ancient times, the transportation was inconvenient and the logistics industry was underdeveloped. Spring cakes can only be eaten in the main wheat producing areas. People in the main rice producing areas can't make spring cakes. What should we do?
Some are wise. People in the main rice producing areas steam and mash glutinous rice and make it into a round shape like a cake, but it's not called a cake, it's called Bazin. In many villages in the south, we don't eat rice for breakfast on New Year's Day, but we eat cake-shaped Ciba, fresh vegetables and radish strips to welcome the Spring Festival.
The above is related to the farm calendar in 2022, and it is about the sharing of meat ganoderma lucidum. I read a pdf of the calendar in 2022. I hope this will help everyone!