On October 11th, an earthquake of magnitude 3.2 occurred in Huanggang, Hubei Province. Are there any signs when the earthquake comes?
According to the official measurement by China Seismological Network, an earthquake of magnitude 3.2 occurred in Huangmei County, Huanggang City, Hubei Province at 8: 27 on October 11th, with a focal depth of 8 kilometers. The epicenter was located at 29.79 degrees north latitude and 115.84 degrees east longitude. ?
are there really signs before the earthquake?
1 well water overflows
Groundwater includes well water, spring water, etc. The main anomalies are turbidity, bubbling, flowering, temperature rise, discoloration, bad taste, sudden rise, sudden drop, sudden exhaustion or gushing of springs, etc.
2 animals are abnormal
animals are too excited, frightened or slow to move. For example, cows and horses are in panic and screaming; Fish float in groups, jump out of the water, etc.
3 Fog appeared
Fog from underground appeared before the earthquake. This kind of fog has many colors such as white, black and yellow, and sometimes it is colorless. It often appears within a few days to a few minutes before the earthquake, accompanied by strange smell, noise or high temperature.
4 abnormal ground sound
when an earthquake occurs, there are longitudinal waves radiating from the source, which makes the air vibrate and sound, just like the sound of a cannon, or heavy vehicles driving, strong winds and so on.
5 geomagnetic anomalies
Before the earthquake, the light from underground was mainly red and white. Different shapes, such as belt, ball, column, etc. It usually appears within a few hours to a few minutes before the earthquake and lasts for a few seconds.
6 electromagnetic abnormality
household appliances such as radios, televisions and fluorescent lamps are abnormal.
radio failure, self-evident fluorescent lamp, electronic alarm clock failure, etc. It also includes abnormal operation of motor equipment, such as abnormal microwave station and interference of wireless power plant.
However, experts also reminded that earthquakes are not the only cause of these anomalies, and specific problems should be analyzed.
where is the difficulty in earthquake prediction
plateau believes that the difficulty in earthquake prediction lies mainly in the complexity of the causes of earthquakes, and it is difficult to distinguish which factor is the last straw to trigger earthquakes.
he said:? Some people image metaphor, earthquake is the cancer of the earth, and earthquake prediction is the solution to diagnose and treat this cancer of the earth. Accurate earthquake prediction is difficult, to paraphrase an old saying? Earthquake prediction is a worldwide problem? . ?
Chinese seismologists have a certain scientific understanding in predicting the annual earthquake risk analysis, but how to predict it? When, where and how big? The possibility of earthquake is too difficult and the accuracy is not high.
Wang genhou believes that the difficulty in earthquake prediction is related to the following three factors.
First, the complexity of the earthquake itself
The seismogenic process is nonlinear, and its evolution path and result are not unique, and there are many possibilities. It's like pumping up a basketball. If the gas exceeds the intensity, it will explode, but it's difficult to determine where it will break.
Second, the impenetrability of the deep crust
Earthquakes occur at a depth of more than ten or twenty kilometers underground. So far, we can only obtain focal information through surface observation, and it is very difficult to invert the dynamic process of the underground with this insufficient data.
Third, major earthquakes are rare events
Generally speaking, the recurrence period of major earthquakes is hundreds or even thousands of years, which limits our accumulation of earthquake observation data.
how to improve earthquake prediction ability
how to improve earthquake prediction ability? Plateau admits that scientists and technicians around the world are still exploring.
In short, as long as we are based on solid basic research, have a hard-working and realistic research team, have an open and relaxed research environment, and have the support and understanding of the state and the people for earthquake prediction research, earthquake prediction will eventually be solved.
In addition, paying attention to earthquake early warning (after an earthquake, warning the fortified area a few seconds to dozens of seconds before the seismic wave propagates to the fortified area) is also the key to reducing earthquake disasters. China, a country with an early earthquake early warning, is also making efforts to carry out this work.
This time, Chengdu received the earthquake warning information 71 seconds in advance.
The Xinjiang earthquake has nothing to do with the Sichuan earthquake in theory
Wang Genhou said that Sichuan is located at the junction of the Indus River and the Eurasian plate, which was originally an active plate zone. Jiuzhaigou is located in the Longmenshan structural belt and around the Sichuan basin, which is extremely unstable, so earthquakes occur frequently.
From a small structural zone, Jinghe and Jiuzhaigou County in Xinjiang are in unused structural zones, and theoretically, there may be no causal relationship.
What will happen to the environment after the earthquake?
Debris flow is closely related to rock damage and rainfall. Earthquakes make rocks more easily broken and loose, which will increase the probability of debris flow. After the earthquake, we should pay more attention to secondary disasters such as aftershocks, landslides, building collapses and mudslides.