Domestic and international events from July 2009 to April 2010. Current affairs and political requirements for the exam. Thank you, thank you..
July
1. On July 6, Russian President Medvedev and U.S. President Obama held talks in Moscow and reached consensus on further reducing offensive strategic weapons. And signed a framework document stipulating the content of the new treaty between the two countries. The new treaty stipulates that seven years after it comes into effect, the number of missiles owned by Russia and the United States will be reduced to 1,500 to 1,675.
2. From July 8th to 10th, the G8 summit was held in L'Aquila, Italy. During this period, the Group of Eight held a leadership dialogue with five developing countries including China, Brazil, India, Mexico and South Africa, as well as Egypt, and issued a joint declaration for the first time, pledging to work together to address global challenges and deciding to establish partnerships. The "Heiligendamm Process" was extended for 2 years and renamed the "Heiligendamm-L'Aquila Process". Donghua civil servant blog.
3. On July 13, data released by the U.S. Department of the Treasury showed that in the first nine months of the 2008-2009 fiscal year ending on June 30, the U.S. federal fiscal deficit exceeded US$1 trillion for the first time. .
4. On July 15, the 15th Non-Aligned Movement Summit was held in Sharm el-Sheikh, Egypt.
5. On July 17, explosions occurred successively at the Marriott Hotel and the Ritz-Carlton Hotel in Jakarta, the capital of Indonesia, killing 9 people and injuring 61 people.
6. From July 26 to July 30, Islamic extremists in northern Nigeria carried out multiple riots that excluded other sects in six states in northern Nigeria, killing more than 600 people.
7. From July 27th to 28th, the first round of China-US Strategic and Economic Dialogue was held in Washington.
Reprinted from Donghua Civil Servant Blog
August
1. On August 4, former US President Clinton visited North Korea.
2. On August 14, the United States and Colombia completed relevant negotiations and reached a preliminary agreement on military cooperation between the two countries.
3. On August 15, at the 8th China-ASEAN Economic and Trade Ministers’ Meeting held in Bangkok, the capital of Thailand, China and 10 ASEAN countries signed the China-ASEAN Free Trade Area Investment Agreement.
4. On August 16, North Korean leader Kim Jong-il met with visiting Hyundai Group Chairman Hyun Jung-eun.
5. On August 18, the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Georgia issued a statement announcing that Georgia had officially withdrawn from the CIS. Donghua civil servant blog.
6. On August 21, a huge fire broke out in the forest north of Athens, the Greek capital. At Greece's request, the EU activated the "Communist Civil Protection Mechanism" and mobilized aircraft to Greece to help put out the fire.
7. On August 25, South Korea's first launch vehicle "Naro" was launched into space, but the satellite carried by the rocket failed to enter the intended orbit.
8. On August 30, Japan held the 45th House of Representatives election, and the largest opposition party ** won.
9. From August 31st to September 4th, the Third World Climate Conference was held in Geneva.
September
1. On September 5, the G20 Finance Ministers and Central Bank Governors Meeting was held in London.
2. On September 7, Xinhua News Agency reported that since late August, there has been a significant increase in reported cases of influenza A (H1N1) around the world. For this reason, the World Health Organization calls for high vigilance against the spread of the "second wave" of influenza A. The World Health Organization stated on September 4 that influenza A (H1N1) has caused at least 2,837 deaths worldwide.
3. On September 11, Japan’s first space cargo spacecraft, the Space Station Transfer Vehicle 1 (HTV1), was launched.
4. On September 11, US President Obama announced a three-year punitive tariff on all car and light truck tires imported from China. The Ministry of Commerce of our country immediately expressed its strong dissatisfaction and firm opposition to this serious trade protectionist action taken by the United States.
October
1. On October 3, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, won the right to host the 2016 Summer Olympics. Hosting the Olympic Games is Japan's dream. This is Brazil's fourth bid to host the Olympic Games. This time, ** shouted "It's our turn". They stressed that not only Brazil, but the entire South America needed to host an Olympic Games so that more people could feel and understand the Olympic spirit.
2. According to the preliminary vote count results announced on October 3, the referendum held in Ireland passed the "Lisbon Treaty" aimed at promoting the European integration process. According to local media citing Irish Foreign Minister Michel Martin, the adoption of the Lisbon Treaty will bring benefits to Ireland. According to the official vote count results announced on the afternoon of the 3rd, the proportion of votes cast in favor was 67.1%.
3. Sweden’s Karolinska Institute announced on October 5 that the 2009 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine will be awarded to American scientists Elizabeth Blackburn, Carol Greder and Jack Shaw. Stark, for their "discovery of how telomeres and telomerase protect chromosomes." Elizabeth Blackburn holds dual citizenship of the United States and Australia. She and Carol Greder are both female scientists, born in 1948 and 1961 respectively.
It is extremely rare in the history of the Nobel Prize for two women to win the same award. They will share the 10 million Swedish kronor (approximately $1.4 million) prize with 57-year-old Jack Szostak.
4. The Norwegian Nobel Prize Committee announced on October 9 that the 2009 Nobel Prize will be awarded to current U.S. President Barack Obama for his “tremendous contributions to international diplomacy and cooperation between peoples.” effort". The Nobel Prize committee said it attached great importance to Obama's vision of building "a world without nuclear weapons." "Obama has made a lot of contributions to the realization of peace by emphasizing diplomacy and resolving the nuclear weapons issue through consultation." But when a reporter asked about Obama's efforts that have not yet achieved any results, the Nobel Prize committee member said, "He is because of his efforts and what he is doing. Awarded for his efforts and the efforts he will make.”
5. The 64th United Nations General Assembly held a plenary meeting on October 15 to elect Bosnia and Herzegovina, Lebanon, Nigeria, Gabon and Brazil by secret ballot. Five countries are the new non-permanent members of the Security Council. Since there are only 5 candidate countries running for 5 seats, this is the first time since 2004 that the UN General Assembly has elected non-permanent members of the Security Council through equal elections. In the voting, all five countries were elected with more than 180 votes. The five newly elected countries will officially begin their two-year term on January 1, 2010, replacing the current non-permanent members Burkina Faso, Costa Rica, Croatia, Libya and Vietnam. The Security Council has 15 members, of which China, France, Russia, the United Kingdom and the United States are permanent members, and the remaining 10 members are non-permanent members. The UN General Assembly elects five non-permanent members every year. The seats are allocated by region and require a two-thirds majority vote of the General Assembly. Currently, the non-permanent members of the Security Council include Austria, Japan, Mexico, Turkey and Uganda. Their terms end on December 31, 2010. Donghua civil servant blog.
6. At 11:30 on October 28, Eastern Time, a rocket was successfully launched from the 39B launch tower at the Kennedy Space Center in Florida. This is the first launch of the Ares I-X rocket, America's future manned space vehicle.
November
1. The Independent Electoral Commission of Afghanistan announced on November 2 that the second round of voting for the presidential election originally scheduled to be held on the 7th of this month will not be held. The current President Karza Yi was re-elected. The government believes that this result means the end of the two-and-a-half-month-long election crisis in Afghanistan.
2. Data released by Japan’s Ministry of Finance on November 10 showed that as of the end of September, the country’s total debt reached 864.5 trillion yen (approximately RMB 65.7 trillion), a record high. In view of the reduced tax revenue and increased fiscal expenditure caused by the economic downturn, additional issuance of government bonds is expected, and Japan's national debt will exceed 900 trillion yen by the end of March next year.
3. The World Food Security Summit kicked off on November 16 in Rome, the capital of Italy. The three-day conference aims to find effective ways to help more than 1 billion people around the world get rid of hunger. Jacques Diouf, Director-General of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, who initiated the meeting, called on all countries to increase agricultural investment, especially to increase support for small farmers in poor countries. He urged developed countries to increase the level of agricultural development assistance to developing countries to help poor countries solve their food crisis. Diouf said that hunger threatens one-sixth of the world's population and poses a serious challenge to world peace and security. The international community urgently needs to reach broad consensus on the complete and rapid eradication of hunger worldwide. Donghua civil servant blog.
4. South Korean President Lee Myung-bak held talks with visiting US President Obama on November 19. The two sides reached agreement on the North Korean nuclear issue and the development of the alliance between the two countries. Lee Myung-bak said at the press conference that day that the two heads of state reaffirmed during the talks that the United States will provide South Korea with a nuclear umbrella and "extended deterrence" and will implement the "Future Outlook for the South Korea-U.S. Alliance" signed in June this year. Commitment to further develop the "21st Century Strategic Alliance". The two heads of state once again confirmed that North Korea's "complete and fully certified nuclear denuclearization" should be achieved through the Six-Party Talks. In order to bring North Korea back to the Six-Party Talks at an early date, South Korea and the United States will maintain close cooperation with other participating countries in the Six-Party Talks.
5. The special EU summit held in Brussels on November 19 unanimously elected Belgian Prime Minister Van Rompuy as the first permanent president of the EU Council, and British European Commission Trade Commissioner Catherine Ashton was responsible for the EU. Christian de Boissieu from France, High Representative for Foreign Affairs and Security Policy and Vice-President of the European Commission, is the Secretary-General of the Council of the European Union. European Commission President Barroso said at a press conference after the meeting that the election of Van Rompuy was because Belgium, as one of the founding countries of the European Union, has always spared no effort to support European construction; the election of Ashton showed that the United Kingdom will be placed at the center of European construction. importance. French President Nicolas Sarkozy praised Van Rompuy as a "complete European" who is "accustomed to compromise in the right direction, and this is the basis for the operation of the European Union."
6. Mitsubishi Heavy Industries and the Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency launched an H2A rocket carrying the intelligence collection satellite "Kotsu-3" from the Tanegashima Space Center in Kagoshima on the morning of November 28. The satellite detached from the rocket and entered its intended orbit, and the launch was successful.
"Optics 3" will replace the "Optics 1" that entered orbit in March 2003 (designed to have a service life of about 5 years). It is reported that its ground resolution capability has been increased from the original 1 meter to tens of centimeters. "Optical No. 3" will be officially put into use after about three months of performance testing. The Japanese government took advantage of North Korea's missile launch in 1998 to adopt an intelligence-gathering satellite, which was actually a reconnaissance satellite.
Reposted from Donghua Civil Servant Blog
December
1. Ikuo Hirayama, the famous Japanese painter and honorary president of the Japan-China Friendship Association, spoke at noon on December 2 He died of cerebral infarction in Tokyo at 12:38 at the age of 79. Ikuo Hirayama was born in Hiroshima Prefecture and was bombed by Japan when he was 15 years old. A graduate of Tokyo University of the Arts, he is best known for his work on the Silk Road and Buddhist culture. As a goodwill ambassador of UNESCO, Ikuo Hirayama participated in the protection of Dunhuang and other world cultural heritages, and made positive contributions to the development of Sino-Japanese friendly relations. From 1992 to 2008, he served as the president of the Japan-China Friendship Association and later served as the honorary president. At the end of 2000, he presented the "Murals of the Western Regions of the Tang Dynasty" depicting Master Tripitaka's journey to Nara Yakushi Temple. In March 2008, he presented his work "Chaoyang Horyuji Temple Nara" to the President of the People's Republic of China. In April of the same year, he held the "Hirayama Ikuo Art Exhibition" at the National Art Museum of China. In recognition of Ikuo Hirayama's long-term contribution to Sino-Japanese cultural exchanges, the Ministry of Culture of China awarded him the "Cultural Exchange Contribution Award" in 2002. Donghua civil servant blog.
2. On the evening of December 1, as the lights came on, and with the music of Beethoven's "Ode to Joy", the EU's ceremony to celebrate the entry into force of the "Lisbon Treaty" kicked off in Lisbon, the capital of Portugal. Two years ago, the leaders of the 27 EU member states jointly signed the Lisbon Treaty here. Analysts pointed out that the Lisbon Treaty will make the EU a real entity on the international stage. The treaty gives the EU legal personality, which means that the EU itself can take actions in accordance with international law, such as signing international agreements and taking actions in international organizations. However, the treaty still adopts an evasive attitude on core issues such as whether the EU should continue to enlarge and whether EU member states should adopt a single currency. Some people also believe that although the treaty aims to "put citizens at the center of the EU agenda," it remains to be tested by time how much benefit it can bring to ordinary EU people.
3. After two years of delay, the American Boeing 787 "Dream" airliner finally conducted its first test flight on December 15. According to the Associated Press, the test flight of the Boeing 787 "Dream" took off from Paine Field Airport in Everett, Washington. The test flight lasted for about three hours before landing at Boeing Airport in Seattle. The 787 "Dream" passenger aircraft is a new model launched by Boeing Company in April 2004. It is a medium-sized, wide-body, twin-engine civilian passenger aircraft. The Boeing 787 is called the "Dream" airliner mainly because it has undergone major changes in design and manufacturing compared with similar airliners.
4. After marathon and difficult negotiations, the United Nations Climate Change Conference concluded on the afternoon of December 19, local time, after reaching the non-legally binding "Copenhagen Accord." The Copenhagen Accord upholds the principle of "same but differentiated responsibilities" established by the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change and its Kyoto Protocol, and provides for mandatory emission reductions by developed countries and independent mitigation actions by developing countries. Arrangements were made and broad consensus was reached on key issues such as global long-term goals, financial and technical support, and transparency. The United Nations Climate Change Conference, which started on the 7th and was originally scheduled to end on the 18th, aims to reach arrangements for the global response to climate change after the expiration of the first commitment period of the Kyoto Protocol in 2012. Leaders of more than 100 countries and heads of international organizations such as the United Nations and its specialized agencies attended the conference leaders’ meeting. However, due to serious differences between developed and developing countries on issues such as emission reduction responsibilities, financial support and supervision mechanisms, the meeting was forced to be postponed for one day. At the meeting, developing countries generally advocated that the current climate change negotiations must adhere to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change and its Kyoto Protocol and must adhere to a dual-track system. Developed countries should face up to and shoulder their own responsibilities and increase emission reductions. efforts and provide adequate financial and technical support to developing countries to mitigate and adapt to climate change.
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