1949 where did the descendants of the mou manor go? the history behind the mou manor?
Qixia Moushi Manor is a high-rise residence of the big landlord Mou and his descendants, located in Yantai, Shandong Province. It is the most complete and typical landlord manor in China and the largest landlord manor in northern China.
If the Grand View Garden in A Dream of Red Mansions is a microcosm of the feudal society in the late Ming and early Qing Dynasties, then the Moushi Manor is a microcosm of the feudal society in the late Qing Dynasty.
The owner of this manor, Mou Jia, is from Gongan County, Hubei Province. His ancestor Mou Jingzu left Qixia in the early Ming Dynasty and chose to live in the ancient town of du cun. Their descendants rely on their potential to accumulate wealth extensively. By the end of the Qing Dynasty and the beginning of the Republic of China, the family business of Mou reached its peak, with 60,000 mu of land and Shan Lan 1.2 million mu, with an annual income of more than 3.3 million Jin. Once became a famous rich landlord in Qilu.
Building houses by rich people is a great hobby of farmers. Moujia has deep pockets. Therefore, a lot of money was used to build the manor.
Extended data:
Moushi Manor was built in Yongzheng period of Qing Dynasty, and it didn't reach its present scale until 1935. The whole manor faces south and is divided into three groups, including six courtyards, covering an area of 20,000 square meters and having more than 480 halls.
Looking at the overlap of many quadrangles, horizontally, the channels are alternating, with distinct levels and distinct priorities. The three-dimensional buildings in the hospital are mostly two-story buildings, and the houses are mostly carved beams and painted buildings, with open columns and flower windows and embossed patterns, which are lifelike.
There are rows of distinctive and colorful "tiger skin wall" manor buildings, which are made of river pebbles with different shapes and colors. The designs such as "Lotus for making money" and "Lotus for giving birth to your son" are exquisite and breathtaking.
The "Three Monsters" architecture is even more intriguing and fascinating. The chimney stands outside the gable is one of them. It looks like a small pavilion, towering in the air and unique.
Baidu encyclopedia-Qixia moushi manor
Does Jiang Zhenguo of Moushi Manor have descendants? Jiang Zhenguo, formerly known as Jiang Haitao, was born on 1923129 October, and was born in Longjia Village, Baijiagou Town, Faku County. From February 1933 to February 1940, I studied in Longjiacun Primary School and Baijiagou Primary School successively. February 194 1 to 1944. From February to August, 1945, I studied in the Veterinary Department of Toyota Agricultural University. 1May, 1946 to 10/October, studying in the cram school of Northeastern University. June 1946 to June 165438 studied in the Department of Animal Husbandry of Northeastern University.
What was the situation of Qixia Moushi Manor and its descendants during the Cultural Revolution? Moushi Manor had moved to Taiwan Province Province before liberation, so there was nothing for them during the Cultural Revolution. The manor is well preserved and not damaged. Now it has become a tourist attraction. A few years ago, I heard that the descendants of the manor wanted to spend huge sums of money to buy the Mou manor, but there was no following.
Mu Manor, also known as Muerhei Manor, is located in the ancient town of du cun (the northern end of the former Third Road) in the northern part of Qixia City. This is the place where the Mumulin family, the largest landlord in the north, has lived together for generations. The whole manor building is well-structured, solid and majestic. It is the largest feudal landlord manor in northern China and the most complete and typical landlord manor in China.
With its large scale and profound connotation, Moushi Manor was appraised by many experts and scholars as "the living fossil of a century-old manor", "the treasure of traditional architecture" and "the land of prosperity for 600 years", and was announced as "the national key cultural relics protection unit" by the State Council on 1988.
Moushi Manor has absorbed the outstanding architectural achievements of the national architectural style in northern China, which has high artistic value and rich historical and cultural connotations. Moushi Manor is known as "the small folk palace in China", which systematically shows the process of the emergence, development and demise of the feudal landlord class, and is a "physical encyclopedia" reflecting the life of the feudal landlord class.
It has more than 5,500 houses, 60,000 mu of land, and Shan Lan10.2 million mu. Now it has more than 480 halls with an area of more than 20,000 square meters. Moushi Manor is large in scale, simple and spectacular, integrating China's historical culture, architectural culture and folk culture.
Extended data:
According to legend, the Mou family has been an official for more than ten generations, but after seeing through the ups and downs of his official career, he got rid of his official position and cultivated himself, which became the family style of Sun Shu, the son of later generations. The 14th Mou (1789- 1870, nicknamed Mou Erhei) sold and hoarded grain. In the famine year of "old age, people eat people", it quickly broke out into a big landlord with more than 40,000 mu of land and was the founder of the Mou family.
In its heyday, the Mou family owned 60,000 mu of land, 0/20,000 mu of mountain area, more than 5,500 houses, rented more than 3.3 million Jin of grain annually, and built a courtyard larger than the Qiao family courtyard in Shanxi. History is like the Yellow River with its twists and turns.
With the changes of the times, it has been barely supported by victims, bandits and government officials. After 600 years, it finally disappeared in the movement after the founding of the People's Republic of China. .....
It created countless grievances and joys and sorrows, and everything vanished with the passage of time. Only this dark and looming compound still stands on the undulating land, silently telling people its existence. ......
References:
Baidu encyclopedia-moushi manor
Why didn't the descendants of Mou's manor inherit the property? The descendants of Mou's manor moved to Hong Kong before liberation. Where did the descendants of Mou's manor go? Therefore, during the Cultural Revolution, there was no information about where the descendants of the Moushi Manor went.
The manor is well preserved and not damaged. Now it has become a tourist attraction. A few years ago, it was said that the descendants of the villa had to spend huge sums of money to bid for Mou's manor, and then there was no follow-up.
Moushi Manor, also known as Muerhei Manor, is located in du cun, an ancient town in the north of Qixia City. Where to live. The whole villa is well-structured, firmly fastened and magnificent. It is the largest, most complete and typical feudal landlord villa in southern China.
Because of its magnificent scale and profound connotation, Moushi Manor has been evaluated by many experts and scholars as "the living fossil of a century-old villa", "the treasure of traditional architecture" and "the land of prosperity for 600 years". 1988 was awarded "National Key Cultural Relics Protection Unit" by the State Council.
Moushi Manor has absorbed the outstanding architectural achievements of South China's national architectural style, which has high artistic value and rich historical and cultural connotation. Known as the "Small Folk Palace in China", the Moushi Manor systematically expounded the formation, development and demise of the feudal landlord class. It is a "physical encyclopedia" reflecting the life of the feudal landlord class.
It has more than 5,500 properties, 60,000 mu of land,10.2 million mu of mountains, and more than 480 buildings, covering an area of more than 20,000 square meters. Moushi Manor is magnificent, simple and magnificent, and it is a master of China's historical culture, architectural culture and folk culture.
How did the descendants of the Mou family expand other courtyards in the park? During the Guangxu period of the Qing Dynasty, the population of the Mou family increased sharply, and the four courtyards were far from meeting the living needs of the Mou family. As a result, Mou's six grandchildren set up their own doors in the manor covering an area of 20,000 square meters, and built the later buildings such as "Dongzhonglai" and "Shigutang".
After the completion of these buildings, Moushi Manor has formed the largest and most well-preserved manor in China. The manor faces south, with a length of 158 meters from east to west and a width of 148 meters from north to south, with a courtyard wall of more than 800 meters.
The building of the whole manor is laid out according to the regulations of ancient buildings in China. This kind of architecture embodies the characteristics of closed society in ancient China, and reflects the strict filial piety of father and the hierarchical relationship between male superiority and female inferiority.
The host lives in a pavilion, the hall is dedicated to ancestors, the bungalow is used by wives and concubines, and the podium is used by servants. Accounting room, milling room, coffin room and brewing room are mostly arranged in the skirt compartment, creating a unique hierarchical atmosphere in the inner courtyard.
Looking at the overlap of many quadrangles, horizontally, the channels are alternating with each other, with distinct levels and clear priorities. In addition to the 480 hall buildings in three groups and six hospitals, there are 1 1 annex houses and 33 1 tenant houses around.
These three groups of six hospitals are the East Group Third Hospital, the Southwest Group Second Hospital and the Northwest Group First Hospital. The Third Hospital of the East Group is Rixintang, Xilai in the West and Zhonglai in the East, side by side, with a width of 65.2 meters from east to west and a length of 98.2 meters from north to south.
"Dongzhonglai" lives in the east where the fourth grandson seeks to live; "Rixintang" lives in the west, where the eldest grandson Mou Zongzhi lives; "Happy to come from China" is in the middle, where the third grandson Mou Zongkui lives.
The Second Hospital of Southwest Group is juxtaposed with "Nanzhonglai" and "Shigutang", with a width of 55.2 meters from east to west and a length of 59.2 meters from north to south. "South China" lives in the west, and the fifth grandson Mou Suo lives in it; "Shigutang" lives in the east, where the sixth grandson Mou Zongmei lives.
The First Hospital of Northwest Group is a "Baoshan Hall", which is self-contained. It is 37.2 meters long from east to west and 64 meters long from north to south. Sun Tzu Mou lives here.
Among them, "Dongzhonglai" is a six-entry courtyard layout with 87 houses. From south to north, there are south group houses, bungalows, living rooms, buildings, small buildings, north group houses and east group houses in turn. The whole courtyard is the later building of Mou's manor, and it is also a representative building group.
The stones that cut the walls in this yard are all sewn with water mill. The materials are very particular, the workmanship is very fine, and it is a must.
According to textual research, the stone wall of Mou Manor is the best in China traditional architecture. There is no adhesive between the two stones, and the uneven ground is covered with copper coins.
It is said that when the owner of the manor gives a certain amount of copper coins to the craftsmen, he will put the copper coins on the mat when the stone wall is uneven. If all goes well, the copper coin will be his own. So in order to leave the copper coins, the craftsmen polished the wall very smoothly.
At the same time, the blue bricks and gray tiles of Moushi Manor are all soaked in bean juice, which can prevent wind. It does not fade, so although the whole manor has been eroded by wind and rain for a hundred years, it still maintains its original quaint style.
The living room of the main building in Dongzhonglai is the place where Mou Zongyi entertains guests and negotiates affairs. On the door of the sitting room, there are couplets:
There are many fragrant flowers in the court, Zheng Guishu;
There is nothing in the room. Tang Poems, Bronze Inscriptions and China's Articles.
This couplet proudly tells you that all the precious flowers and trees planted in this yard are famous, and all the precious poems such as Tang poetry and gold lettering are collected at home.
The interior furnishings of the living room are divided into three parts: the East Room is the place where the owner seeks to read and write and help people write complaints; The west room is a temporary rest place for guests; In the middle is the host's banquet place.
The building materials of the whole hall are very particular. The main beam is made of logs with a diameter of more than 80 cm. Purlins have the same specifications and are evenly arranged, giving people a feeling of being tall, broad, strong and straight. The inner slope of the house is a square brick covered with a layer of oak charcoal, which can absorb water and prevent moisture and reduce the weight of the roof.
There is a colorful plaque hanging above the main hall, which reads: "I still hope the police." This is to warn future generations that their ancestral home is Gongan County, Hubei Province, and future generations should always cherish their homes and remember the public security.
Under this plaque, there is a portrait of the tenth generation ancestor of the Mou family and the great-grandfather of Mou.
There is also an imperial edict under the portrait, which was given to Mou's parents by the Qing court. His father is Wen and his mother is a Confucian scholar.
The imperial edict from the Qing court to Mou Changyu's grandparents still hangs on the east wall of the nave. Mou Changyu is Mou's native brother. He is a scholar. He used to be the supervisor of Jiangnan Road, Hedao Road and Yunnan Road in Qing Dynasty, and the military gate headquarters of nine provinces.
During his tenure, he dared to tell the truth to the court. He once suggested that the imperial court cancel the ban on grain transportation in kanto region, and also abolished some inappropriate legal provisions. His recitations often hit the nail on the head, and history books say that he "can say things that others can't."
To this end, both Qianlong and Jiaqing dynasties attached great importance to him and let him sit firmly in official positions all over the country until his death at the age of 62. He is listed as a famous official of Shandong Tongzhi and a historical figure in Shandong.
This imperial edict is quite different from Mou's in form. It consists of five colors and is used for officials above grade five, which is called "multicolored". Mou's deputy is used for junior officials, and there is only one color, which is called "plain face".
Behind this living room is the Muzongyi residential building in Jin Si Courtyard. This courtyard was built in three years by investing thousands of acres of land to sell gold, selecting samples of Dalian foreign-style buildings, and hiring famous bricklayers in Laiyang County and famous carpenters in Huangxian County.
The eaves of the building are painted with purple paint, and there are white and green arches. Warm colors and cool colors, set off by the shadows under the eaves, just show the depth of the eaves, giving people a sense of majesty.
The imaginary evil spirits are built on the roof of the house, with different shapes and frightening people. The building surrounds the east and west compartments, and the main entrance faces the screen door. Screen door, connecting the left and right walls, forms a typical quadrangle. The screen door is located in front of the back building of the hall. Exquisite painting, echoing the living room building before and after, solemn momentum.
At the bottom of the small building, it is Mou's daily treasure, which is used to accompany his wife and concubine to eat, sleep, audit accounts and educate their children. Upstairs is his special study, which is used to read books and newspapers, write complaints and have a rest. At the same time, upstairs is also a place where he worships the ancients and enjoys the spirit.
In the past, he used to have more than a dozen boxes of ancient books and a large number of celebrity calligraphy and painting upstairs. Although many treasures have been lost, there are also some books, paintings and ink of celebrities.
Because this building was later lived by the son of the Mou family, it was also called "Young Master Building". In Dongzhonglai Courtyard, in addition to the living room and the Young Master Building, there is also a mill, an exhibition of farm tools and a granary office next to it.
In addition, the Moushi Manor is not only exquisitely laid out, but also has three grotesque buildings. The "three strange buildings" mentioned here is a unique scene when the Mu's manor was built, and the peculiar architectural style is even more intriguing, which has been pursued and explored by people.
The first is "opening the door and going through the hall". There are front and rear doors in the living room and hall of each compound, and they are all on the same line, which breaks through the old geomantic law of "doors cannot be opened back and forth" in Qixia area.
Followed by "outdoor burning kang fire hole." At the same time, a square stone kang hole was left at an appropriate position under the window corner for servants to burn kang outdoors to keep warm on time.
This unique heating design method is rare in northern residential buildings. However, this structure can effectively avoid gas poisoning that is easy to occur when burning kang indoors.
Finally, "the chimney stands outside the gable." In the buildings in the north and south of China, the chimney position is generally designed on the roof eaves and slopes, whether it is bungalows or buildings.
However, there are nearly 100 chimneys erected outside the gables, with rainhats at the top. From a distance, they look like small towers in the clouds, which are small and exquisite and unique.
The function of this design is to warm the fire pit in cold weather, and the wood burns with little heat. In order to make full use of heat, chimneys are installed on gables to extend the direction of fireworks and keep the heat of wood or grass in the kang. It can keep the house warm better.
From this, it can be seen that the overall architectural layout of Mou's manor is grand in scale and profound in connotation, and it has been evaluated by many experts and scholars as "the living fossil of the manor for a century", "the treasure of traditional architecture" and "the place of vitality for 600 years".
Moushi manor yard gate
Who knows the situation of Mou's manor after the land reform? In fact, it is to treat his family as a landlord. The trial of the trial, the share of the family, the confiscation of the confiscation, and the * * * production party, that is, whoever is rich and unlucky should be killed before the founding of the People's Republic of China, and whoever is poor will be honored. 1986, under state protection, became a state-protected cultural relic.